二、部署需求

Installation and Configuration
You can install a stable release of Hive by downloading a tarball, or you can download the source code and build Hive from that.
Running HiveServer2 and Beeline
Requirements
Java 1.7
Note:  Hive versions 1.2 onward require Java 1.7 or newer. Hive versions 0.14 to
 
 1.1 work with Java 1.6 as well. Users are strongly advised to start moving to Java 1.8 (see HIVE-8607).  
Hadoop 2.x (preferred), 1.x (not supported by Hive 2.0.0 onward).
Hive versions up to 0.13 also supported Hadoop 0.20.x, 0.23.x.
Hive is commonly used in production Linux and Windows environment. Mac is a
 
 commonly used development environment. The instructions in this document are applicable to Linux and Mac. Using it on Windows would require slightly different steps

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從官網這句話我們可以知道部署hive的條件 
1、需要部署一個hadoop叢集，而且是hadoop2.X。 
2、需要安裝java1.7+

1、將apache-hive-2.1.1-bin.tar.gz上傳至/opt/soft目錄下解壓並重命令為hive

[root@hadoop001 soft]# tar -zxvf apache-hive-2.1.1-bin.tar.gz
[root@hadoop001 soft]# mv  apache-hive-2.1.1-bin hive

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2、配置hive環境變數

[[email protected] conf]# vim  /etc/profile
export HIVE_HOME=/opt/soft/hive
export PATH=$HIVE_HOME/bin:$PATH

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使環境變數生效source /etc/profile，驗證

[root@hadoop001 conf]# hive -help
which: no hbase in (/opt/soft/hive/bin:/opt/soft/hadoop/bin:/opt/soft/hadoop/sbin:/opt/soft/zookeeper/bin:/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_67-cloudera/bin:/usr/lib64/qt-3.3/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin)
SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings.
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/opt/soft/hive/lib/log4j-slf4j-impl-2.4.1.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/opt/soft/hadoop/share/hadoop/common/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.10.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation.
SLF4J: Actual binding is of type [org.apache.logging.slf4j.Log4jLoggerFactory]
usage: hive
 -d,--define <key=value>          Variable subsitution to apply to hive
                                  commands. e.g. -d A=B or --define A=B
    --database <databasename>     Specify the database to use
 -e <quoted-query-string>         SQL from command line
 -f <filename>                    SQL from files
 -H,--help                        Print help information
    --hiveconf <property=value>   Use value for given property
    --hivevar <key=value>         Variable subsitution to apply to hive
                                  commands. e.g. --hivevar A=B
 -i <filename>                    Initialization SQL file
 -S,--silent                      Silent mode in interactive shell
 -v,--verbose                     Verbose mode (echo executed SQL to the
                                  console)

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3、修改hive-env.sh(48行)新增HADOOP_HOME配置

vim hive-env.sh
HADOOP_HOME=/opt/soft/hadoop

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4、編輯hive-site.xml設定元資料儲存使用的資料庫型別

<configuration>
<property> 
<!--設定資料庫連線的URL -->                      <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>   
<!--使用本地MySQL資料庫（ruoze_hive在啟動hive時會自動建立） -->                                     <value>jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ruoze_hive?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true</value>
</property>
<!--資料庫連結驅動設定 -->     
<property>              <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name>                                      <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>
</property>
<!--資料庫使用者名稱 -->    
<property>                <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name>
 <value>root</value>
</property>
<!--資料庫密碼 -->  
<property>                      <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name>
 <value>root</value>
</property>                                              </configuration>

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5、拷貝資料庫驅動到hive/lib目錄下

[root@hadoop001 soft]# mv mysql-connector-java-5.1.32-bin.jar hive/lib/

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四、啟動Hive 
1、啟動前先初始化

[root@hadoop001 ~]# schematool -dbType mysql -initSchema

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2、啟動hive

[[email protected] ~]# hive

which: no hbase in (/opt/soft/hive/bin:/opt/soft/hadoop/bin:/opt/soft/hadoop/sbin:/opt/soft/zookeeper/bin:/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_67-cloudera/bin:/usr/lib64/qt-3.3/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin)
SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings.
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/opt/soft/hive/lib/log4j-slf4j-impl-2.4.1.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/opt/soft/hadoop/share/hadoop/common/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.10.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation.
SLF4J: Actual binding is of type [org.apache.logging.slf4j.Log4jLoggerFactory]

Logging initialized using configuration in jar:file:/opt/soft/hive/lib/hive-common-2.1.1.jar!/hive-log4j2.properties Async: true
Hive-on-MR is deprecated in Hive 2 and may not be available in the future versions. Consider using a different execution engine (i.e. tez, spark) or using Hive 1.X releases.
hive>

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注：hive是一個客戶端元件，在Hadoop叢集中選擇一臺安裝即可！