為了實現mysql在nginx平臺的快取
應用平臺：

1. 安裝配置nginx支援php環境.
2. Php新增redis模組
3. 建立redis和mysql的連線即mysql的快取為redis
4. 編寫php指令碼搭建和後臺redis和mysql的平臺連線。

環境部署：server1——–>nginx(80);php(9000)
server2——–>redis(6379)
server3——–>mysql

1 安裝nginx和php：

[root@server1 redis]# vim /etc/php.ini #修改時區Asia/Shanghai
 

[root@server1 redis]# vim /etc/php-fpm.conf
[root@server1 redis]# id nginx
uid=498(nginx) gid=499(nginx) groups=499(nginx)
[root@server1 redis]# cd /etc/php-fpm.d/
[root@server1 php-fpm.d]# vim www.conf
[root@server1 php-fpm.d]# /etc/init.d/php-fpm start
Starting php-fpm:                                          [  OK
 
  ]
[root@server1 php-fpm.d]# netstat -anulp

[root@server1 php-fpm.d]# vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf#檢視nginx使用者
[root@server1 redis]# vim /etc/php-fpm.conf
[root@server1 redis]# id nginx
uid=498(nginx) gid=499(nginx) groups=499(nginx)
[root@server1 redis]# cd /etc/php-fpm.d/
[root@server1 php-fpm.d]# vim www.conf #修改php使用者為nginx
 

[[email protected] php-fpm.d]# vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
#支援php環境將nginx預設釋出檔案次序設定為index.php

[root@server1 php-fpm.d]# /etc/init.d/nginx start
Starting nginx:                                            [  OK  ]
[root@server1 php-fpm.d]# netstat -antlp
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address               Foreign Address             State       PID/Program name
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80                  0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      1864/nginx
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:9000              0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      1836/php-fpm
tcp        0      0 172.25.30.1:22              172.25.30.250:34814         ESTABLI
[root@server1 php-fpm.d]# vim /usr/share/nginx/html/index.php#編輯php檔案在nginx釋出目錄下面訪問測試nginx-php：
[root@server1 php-fpm.d]# nginx -s reload

2.編寫php建立和redis,mysql的連線.
-------------------------
[[email protected] redis]# cp test.php /usr/share/nginx/html/index.php 
cp: overwrite `/usr/share/nginx/html/index.php'? y
[[email protected] redis]# vim /usr/share/nginx/html/index.php
$redis->connect('172.25.30.2',6379) or die ("could net connect redis server");
for ($key = 1; $key < 10; $key++)
        {
                if (!$redis->get($key))
                {
                        $connect = mysql_connect('172.25.30.3','redis','westos');
                        mysql_select_db(test);
                        $result = mysql_query($query);
                        //如果沒有找到$key,就將該查詢sql的結果快取到redis

3.在php中新增redis模組：

[[email protected] redis]# php -m
[PHP Modules] #該php_modules中沒有redis模組我們需要重新編譯新增：
[[email protected] redis]# yum install unzip -y
[[email protected] redis]# unzip phpredis-master.zip

#rpm包編譯安裝
[root@server1 phpredis-master]# ./configure
[root@server1 phpredis-master]# make
[root@server1 phpredis-master]# make install 
Installing shared extensions:     /usr/lib64/php/modules/
[root@server1 modules]# cd /etc/php.d/
[root@server1 php.d]# cp mysql.ini redis.ini
[root@server1 php.d]# vim redis.ini #在redis配置檔案中新增redis.so#模組.重新整理配置php-fpm將redis模組新增成功

Index.php中訪問的是172.25.30.2的redis—–>6379埠.
我們要檢視該後臺伺服器是否有6379埠,redis部署我們已經在之前的學習中學習了：

安裝部署mysql：
在安裝之前把伺服器中高可用mysql資料清空重新安裝mysql這裡我們安裝的是mysql----rpm；

[root@server3 ~]# rpm -e --nodeps `rpm -qa|grep mysql`
warning: /etc/my.cnf saved as /etc/my.cnf.rpmsave #取消依賴性解除安裝
[root@server3 ~]# yum install -y mysql-server #安裝初始化
[root@server3 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[root@server3 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
Initializing MySQL database:  Installing MySQL system tables...
[root@server3 ~]# mysql #mysql-server可以免密登陸
mysql> grant all on test.* to [email protected]'%' identified by 'westos'; #登陸授權在test庫上使用者redis密碼westos；
[root@server3 ~]# vim test.sql #編輯了一個指令碼可以在mysql中插入資料
[root@server3 ~]# mysql < test.sql

所有部署安裝完畢訪問測試平臺：在redis還沒有快取到資料之前得到的資料是從mysql源中取出來的,重新整理之後redis將mysql的資料快取下來之後nginx只奔redis中取資料.


在redis上訪問：

但是客戶端從瀏覽器獲取到的資料沒有發生變化，因為快取還在，先找快取再找mysql不能實現同步更新.到這裡,我們已經實現了 redis 作為 mysql 的快取伺服器,但是如果更新mysql,redis中仍然會有對應的 KEY,資料就不會更新,此時就會出現 mysql 和 redis 資料不一致的情況。所以接下來就要通過 mysql 觸發器將改變的資料同步到 redis 中。

配置 gearman 實現資料同步

Gearman 是一個支援分散式的任務分發框架:
Gearman Job Server:Gearman 核心程式,需要編譯安裝並以守護程序形式執行在後臺。
Gearman Client:可以理解為任務的請求者。
Gearman Worker:任務的真正執行者,一般需要自己編寫具體邏輯並通過守護程序方式
執行,Gearman Worker 接收到 Gearman Client 傳遞的任務內容後,會按順序處理。
大致流程:
下面要編寫的 mysql 觸發器,就相當於 Gearman 的客戶端。修改表,插入表就相當於直接下發任務。然後通過 lib_mysqludf_json UDF 庫函式將關係資料對映為 JSON 格式,然後在通過 gearman-mysql-udf 外掛將任務加入到 Gearman 的任務佇列中,最後通過
redis_worker.php,也就是 Gearman 的 worker 端來完成 redis 資料庫的更新。
server1:安裝包：
gearmand-1.1.8-2.el6.x86_64.rpm
gearman-mysql-udf-0.6.tar.gz
go1.8.linux-amd64.tar.gz
jemalloc-3.6.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
jemalloc-devel-3.6.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
libevent-1.4.13-4.el6.x86_64.rpm
libevent-devel-1.4.13-4.el6.x86_64.rpm
libevent-doc-1.4.13-4.el6.noarch.rpm
libevent-headers-1.4.13-4.el6.noarch.rpm
libgearman-1.1.8-2.el6.x86_64.rpm
libgearman-devel-1.1.8-2.el6.x86_64.rpm
lib_mysqludf_json-master.zip
libyaml-0.1.3-4.el6_6.x86_64.rpm

1.安裝啟動gearman服務：

[root@server1 redis]# yum install -y gearmand-1.1.8-2.el6.x86_64.rpm libgearman-* lib*
[root@server1 redis]# /etc/init.d/gearmand start   不用配置，直接啟動
Starting gearmand:                                         [  OK  ]
[root@server1 redis]# netstat -antulpe #埠6379
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address               Foreign Address             State       User       Inode      PID/Program name   
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:6379                0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      0          29448      1707/redis-server 0 

server3安裝編譯：

server3:
[[email protected] ~]# yum install -y unzip
[[email protected] ~]# unzip lib_mysqludf_json-master.zip 
[[email protected] ~]# cd lib_mysqludf_json-master
[[email protected] lib_mysqludf_json-master]# ls
lib_mysqludf_json.c     lib_mysqludf_json.so   README.md
lib_mysqludf_json.html  lib_mysqludf_json.sql
[[email protected] lib_mysqludf_json-master]# yum install -y gcc mysql-devel 

[[email protected] lib_mysqludf_json-master]# gcc $(mysql_config --cflags) -shared -fPIC -o lib_mysqludf_json.so lib_mysqludf_json.c 

[[email protected] lib_mysqludf_json-master]# ls
lib_mysqludf_json.c     lib_mysqludf_json.so   README.md
lib_mysqludf_json.html  lib_mysqludf_json.sql
[[email protected] plugin]# cd -
/root/lib_mysqludf_json-master
[[email protected] lib_mysqludf_json-master]# cp lib_mysqludf_json.so /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/ 拷貝 lib_mysqludf_json.so 模組:

lib_mysqludf_json.so模組安裝完畢！資料庫註冊！

註冊 UDF 函式：
mysql> CREATE FUNCTION json_object RETURNS STRING SONAME
    -> 'lib_mysqludf_json.so'; 

2. 安裝 gearman-mysql-udf

這個外掛是用來管理呼叫 Gearman 的分散式的佇列。

[root@server3 ~]# tar zxf gearman-mysql-udf-0.6.tar.gz 
[root@server3 ~]# yum install -y libgearman-* libevent-*
[root@server3 ~]# cd gearman-mysql-udf-0.6
[root@server3 gearman-mysql-udf-0.6]# ls
aclocal.m4  config       configure     libgearman_mysql_udf  Makefile.in
AUTHORS     config.h.in  configure.ac  m4                    NEWS
ChangeLog   config.log   COPYING       Makefile.am           README
[root@server3 gearman-mysql-udf-0.6]# ./configure --with-mysql=/usr/bin/mysql_config --libdir=/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/
[root@server3 gearman-mysql-udf-0.6]# make
[root@server3 gearman-mysql-udf-0.6]# make install
libgearman_mysql_udf.so安裝完畢
資料庫註冊：註冊 UDF 函式

mysql> CREATE FUNCTION gman_do_background RETURNS STRING SONAME
    -> 'libgearman_mysql_udf.so';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> CREATE FUNCTION gman_servers_set RETURNS STRING SONAME
    -> 'libgearman_mysql_udf.so';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from mysql.func;檢視函式
+--------------------+-----+-------------------------+----------+
| name               | ret | dl                      | type     |
+--------------------+-----+-------------------------+----------+
| json_object        |   0 | lib_mysqludf_json.so    | function |
| gman_do_background |   0 | libgearman_mysql_udf.so | function |
| gman_servers_set   |   0 | libgearman_mysql_udf.so | function |
+--------------------+-----+-------------------------+----------+
指定 gearman 的服務資訊
mysql> SELECT gman_servers_set('172.25.30.1:4730');
+--------------------------------------+
| gman_servers_set('172.25.30.1:4730') |
+--------------------------------------+
| 172.25.30.1:4730                     |
+--------------------------------------+
mysql> SHOW TRIGGERS FROM test;  檢視觸發器
+-------------+--------+-------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+---------+----------+----------------+----------------------+----------------------+--------------------+
| Trigger     | Event  | Table | Statement                                                                                                      | Timing | Created | sql_mode | Definer        | character_set_client | collation_connection | Database Collation |
+-------------+--------+-------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+---------+----------+----------------+----------------------+----------------------+--------------------+
| datatoredis | UPDATE | test  | BEGIN
    SET @RECV=gman_do_background('syncToRedis', json_object(NEW.id as `id`, NEW.name as `name`)); 
  END | AFTER  | NULL    |          | [email protected] | latin1               | latin1_swedish_ci    | latin1_swedish_ci  |
+-------------+--------+-------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+---------+----------+----------------+----------------------+----------------------+--------------------+

3. 編寫 mysql 觸發器

[[email protected] ~]# vim test.sql 
use test;
DELIMITER $$
CREATE TRIGGER datatoredis AFTER UPDATE ON test FOR EACH ROW BEGIN
    SET @RECV=gman_do_background('syncToRedis', json_object(NEW.id as `id`, NEW.name as `name`));
  END$$
DELIMITER ;
[[email protected] ~]# mysql < test.sql 

4.server1新增gearman的php模組

[root@server1 redis]# tar zxf gearman-1.1.2.tgz 
[root@server1 redis]# cd gearman-1.1.2
[root@server1 gearman-1.1.2]# phpize 
Configuring for:
PHP Api Version:         20090626
Zend Module Api No:      20090626
Zend Extension Api No:   220090626
[root@server1 gearman-1.1.2]# ./configure 
[root@server1 gearman-1.1.2]# make && make install
Installing shared extensions:     /usr/lib64/php/modules/
[root@server1 gearman-1.1.2]# cd /usr/lib64/php/modules/
[root@server1 modules]# ls
fileinfo.so  json.so      mysql.so      pdo_sqlite.so  sqlite3.so
gd.so        mbstring.so  pdo_mysql.so  phar.so        zip.so
[root@server1 modules]# cd /etc/php.d/
加入php模組
[root@server1 php.d]# cp redis.ini gearman.ini
[root@server1 php.d]# vim gearman.ini 
extension=gearman.so
重新載入php
[root@server1 php.d]# /etc/init.d/php-fpm reload
[root@server1 php.d]# php -m | grep gearman
gearman
[root@server1 php.d]# cd
[root@server1 ~]# vim /usr/local/worker.php

$worker->addServer();
$worker->addFunction('syncToRedis', 'syncToRedis');

$redis = new Redis();
$redis->connect('172.25.30.2', 6379);   這裡是redis伺服器的ip

while($worker->work());
function syncToRedis($job)
{
        global $redis;
        $workString = $job->workload();
        $work = json_decode($workString);
        if(!isset($work->id)){
                return false;
        }
        $redis->set($work->id, $work->name);
}
?>

打入後臺持續執行

[root@server1 ~]# php /usr/local/worker.php &  
[1] 6599
[root@server1 ~]# nohup hup /usr/local/worker.php &
[2] 6600

全部配置完畢server3測試：

[[email protected] ~]# mysql < test.sql 
mysql> update test.test set name='redhat';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 9  Changed: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from test.test;
+----+--------+
| id | name   |
+----+--------+
|  1 | redhat |
|  2 | redhat |
|  3 | redhat |
|  4 | redhat |
|  5 | redhat |
|  6 | redhat |
|  7 | redhat |
|  8 | redhat |
|  9 | redhat |
+----+--------+