1. 程式人生 > >Nginx-反響代理Tomcat

Nginx-反響代理Tomcat

  • 反向代理概念

    先說正向代理,比如要訪問youtube,但是不能直接訪問,只能先找個翻牆軟體,通過翻牆軟體才能訪問youtube. 翻牆軟體就叫做正向代理。
    所謂的反向代理,指的是使用者要訪問youtube,但是youtube悄悄地把這個請求交給bilibili來做,那麼bilibili就是反向代理了。
    在當前教程指的就是訪問nginx,但是nginx把請求交給tomcat來做。
  • 啟動tomcat

    首先啟動多個Tomcat 中埠號是8111的tomcat
  • 修改nginx.conf

    然後修改nginx.conf,主要是30-42行
    location / {
            	proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8111;
    	}
    location / 表示處理所有請求
    proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8111; 表示把請求都交給http://127.0.0.1:8111來處理
    #user  nobody;
    worker_processes  1;
     
    #error_log  logs/error.log;
    #error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
    #error_log  logs/error.log  info;
     
    #pid        logs/nginx.pid;
     
    events {
        worker_connections  1024;
    }
     
    http {
        include       mime.types;
        default_type  application/octet-stream;
     
        #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
        #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
        #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
     
        #access_log  logs/access.log  main;
     
        sendfile        on;
        #tcp_nopush     on;
     
        #keepalive_timeout  0;
        keepalive_timeout  65;
     
        #gzip  on;
     
        server {
            listen       80;
            server_name  localhost;
     
            #charset koi8-r;
     
            #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;
     
            location / {
                proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8111;
        }
     
            #error_page  404              /404.html;
     
            # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
            #
            error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
            location = /50x.html {
                root   html;
            }
     
            # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
            #
            #location ~ \.php$ {
            #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
            #}
     
            # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
            #
            #location ~ \.php$ {
            #    root           html;
            #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
            #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
            #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
            #    include        fastcgi_params;
            #}
     
            # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
            # concurs with nginx's one
            #
            #location ~ /\.ht {
            #    deny  all;
            #}
        }
     
        # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
        #
        #server {
        #    listen       8000;
        #    listen       somename:8080;
        #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;
     
        #    location / {
        #        root   html;
        #        index  index.html index.htm;
        #    }
        #}
     
        # HTTPS server
        #
        #server {
        #    listen       443 ssl;
        #    server_name  localhost;
     
        #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
        #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;
     
        #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
        #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;
     
        #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
        #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;
     
        #    location / {
        #        root   html;
        #        index  index.html index.htm;
        #    }
        #}
     
    }
  • 重啟nginx並訪問

    使用如下命令重啟 nginx 
    nginx -s reload

    然後訪問地址:
    http://127.0.0.0/ 
    就會觀察到已經反向代理到tomcat了
  • 意義何在

    既然直接通過127.0.0.1:8111/login.jsp 可以訪問,那麼幹嘛要通過127.0.0.1/login.jsp 去反向代理到tomcat呢? 為什麼不直接使用tomcat呢?

    因為nginx在處理靜態檔案的吞吐量上面比tomcat好很多,通常他們倆配合,不會把所有的請求都如本例所示的交給tomcat, 而是把靜態請求交給nginx,動態請求,如jsp, servlet,ssm, struts等請求交給tomcat. 從而達到動靜分離的效果。 接下來就會講解如何進行動靜分離。