springMVC註解版本的工程搭建,web工程名字為:springMVC-study

1、首先在web.xml中加入springMVC的前端過濾器，DispatcherServlet.這裡的servlet-name就規定了springmvc的配置檔名字為springmvc-servlet.xml。

  <!--配置一個控制器 -->
  <servlet>
            <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
            <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
            <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup><!-- 表示在容器啟動時就載入 -->
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
            <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
            <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
        xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" 
       xsi:schemaLocation="
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd     
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/util
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.0.xsd    
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">     
  <!-- 啟用註解 -->
<context:annotation-config/>           
<!-- 自動掃描所有的包 -->              
<context:component-scan base-package="com.springmvc"/> 
<mvc:annotation-driven  /> 
    <!--Spring3.1開始的註解 HandlerMapping --> 
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping"/> 
    <!--Spring3.1開始的註解 HandlerAdapter --> 
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter"/> 
     <!-- 解析頁面的規則  -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> 
        <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/> 
        <property name="prefix" value="/jsp/"/> 
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>   <!--表示:/jsp/list.jsp -->
    </bean> 
    <!-- 配置載入靜態檔案 -->
    <mvc:resources location="/js/" mapping="/js/**"/>
</beans>
 

package com.springmvc.controller;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseStatus;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import com.springmvc.domain.User;
@Controller //@Controller這個註解用來標記這是個控制器，
@RequestMapping("/user")//@RequestMapping這個註解可以標記在類上也可以標記在方法上，用來對映類或者方法
public class UserController {
 
        /*跳轉到register.jsp*/
        @RequestMapping("/addUI")
        public ModelAndView addUserUI(){
          ModelAndView mv=new ModelAndView();
        /*ModelAndView是一個類似於Map的，可以通過addObject("key","value"),這種方式去放值，在jsp頁面可以通過EL表示式${key}拿到value*/
          mv.addObject("key", "admin");
          mv.setViewName("register");
          return mv;
        }
        /*處理前臺提交的引數，並跳轉到list.jsp*/
        @RequestMapping(value="/add",method=RequestMethod.POST)
        public ModelAndView addUser(User user){
                ModelAndView mv=new ModelAndView();
                mv.addObject("user","admin");
                mv.setViewName("list");
                return mv;
        }
   /*springMVC與Ajax整合*/
        @RequestMapping(value="/ajax",method=RequestMethod.POST)
        @ResponseStatus(OK)//
        /*@ResponseBody該註解用於將Controller的方法返回的物件，通過適當的HttpMessageConverter轉換為指定格式後，寫入到Response物件的body資料區
        *返回的資料不是html標籤的頁面，而是其他某種格式的資料時（如json、xml等）使用；
     */
        @ResponseBody
        public Map<Object, Object> spring_ajax(){
                Map<Object, Object> map=new HashMap<Object, Object>();
                map.put("name", "admin");
                map.put("age", 1);
                map.put("email", "
 
[email protected]");
                return map;
        }
}

package com.springmvc.domain;
public class User{
        private Integer id;
        private String userName;
        private String age;
        private String password;
        private String email;
        .....set與get方法......
}

register.jsp頁面:

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jstl/core" %>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>使用者註冊</title>
</head>
<body><center>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/add"  method="POST">
使用者名稱：  <input type="text" name="userName"/><br>
使用者年齡：<input type="text" name="age"><br>
使用者密碼：<input type="password" name="password"/><br>
使用者郵箱：<input type="text" name="email"><br>
<input type="submit" value="註冊"/>
</form>
</center></body>
</html>

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>List User </title>
</head>
<body>
<%=request.getSession().getAttribute("user")%><br>
This is list User page!
<br><input type="button" value="ajax" id="btn"/>
<div id="div1"></div>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../js/jquery-1.11.1.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
$(document).ready(function(){
        $("#btn").click(function(){
           $.ajax({
                   url:'./ajax',
                   type:'POST',
                   success:function(data){
                          $("#div1").text(data.name+"  "+data.age+"   "+data.email);
                   },
              error:function(data){
                   alert("fail");
              }
           });
        });
});
</script>
</body>
</html>