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C語言實現AES-128 CMAC演算法

MessageAuthentication CodeMAC)是一種保障資訊完整性和認證的密碼學方法,其中CMAC的全稱是Cypher-Based Message Authentication Code,基於AES等對稱加密方式實現訊息認證。通訊雙方需要共享一個對稱金鑰,由傳送方生成一個MAC值,附在訊息後面,接收方計算收到訊息的MAC,如果和收到的MAC一致,則說明沒有被篡改,並且能確認傳送方一定擁有相同的金鑰,即認證身份。

美國國家標準與技術研究院NIST推薦了一種CMAC計算方式,可以避免CBC-MAC帶來的缺點,編號為800-3B,文件可以從其官網上下載。該演算法通過MAC金鑰生成k1

k2兩個子金鑰,並規定了資料位填充的規則,可以通過AES-128AES-192AES-256三種模式進行MAC計算,支援所有整數字節的資料以及長度為0的輸入。下圖為MAC演算法處理不需要位填充和需要位填充的兩種情況。本文介紹AES-128生成的CMAC實現。

    本C程式碼外部依賴項是mbedTLS的密碼學庫,下載及使用見《C語言實現AES加密解密》。

1外部呼叫列表

     本CMAC演算法包括的內部函式如下。

2本程式碼中設計的函式

    本CMAC演算法包括的全域性變數如下。

3本程式碼中的全域性變數

CMAC實現部分程式碼如下:

#include<stdio.h>
#include "mbedtls/aes.h"
#include "mbedtls/compat-1.3.h"


uint8_t MAC[16];
uint8_t MACkey[16]; 
uint8_t k1[16];
uint8_t k2[16];


mbedtls_aes_context aes;

void leftshift(int len, uint8_t* add, uint8_t*des)
{
	int i;
	for (i = 0; i < len - 1; i++)
	{
		des[i] = (add[i] << 1) + (add[i + 1] >= 0x80?1:0);
	}
	des[len - 1] = add[len - 1] << 1;
}

void ArrayXor(int len, uint8_t*a1, uint8_t*a2, uint8_t*des)
{
	int i;
	for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
	{
		des[i] = a1[i] ^ a2[i];
	}
}

void LoadMacKey(uint8_t *key)
{
	int i;
	uint8_t plain[16] = { 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00};
	uint8_t Rb[16] = { 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x87 };
	uint8_t c0[16];
	for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)
	{
		MACkey[i] = key[i];   //  set MAC key	
	}
	mbedtls_aes_setkey_enc(&aes, MACkey, 128);  		
	mbedtls_aes_crypt_ecb(&aes, AES_ENCRYPT, plain, c0);
	if (c0[0]<0x80)    //generate k1
	{
		leftshift(16, c0, k1);
	}
	else
	{
		leftshift(16, c0, k1);
		ArrayXor(16, k1, Rb, k1);
	}

	if (k1[0] < 0x80)   //generate k2
	{
		leftshift(16, k1, k2);
	}
	else
	{
		leftshift(16, k1, k2);
		ArrayXor(16, k2, Rb, k2);
	}
}

void GenerateMAC(int len, uint8_t *add, uint8_t *macvalue)
{
	int i,block;
	uint8_t IVtemp[16] = { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0};
	uint8_t Blocktemp[16] = { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 };

		
	if (len % 16 == 0 && len!=0)
	{
		mbedtls_aes_setkey_enc(&aes, MACkey, 128);// load mac key
		block = len / 16;
		for (i = 0; i < block-1; i++)
		{
			ArrayXor(16, &add[i * 16], IVtemp, Blocktemp);
			mbedtls_aes_crypt_ecb(&aes, AES_ENCRYPT, Blocktemp, IVtemp);
		}
		ArrayXor(16, &add[(block-1)*16], IVtemp, Blocktemp);
		ArrayXor(16, Blocktemp, k1, Blocktemp);
		mbedtls_aes_crypt_ecb(&aes, AES_ENCRYPT, Blocktemp, macvalue);
	}
	else
	{
		if (len==0)
		{
			mbedtls_aes_setkey_enc(&aes, MACkey, 128);// load mac key
			block = 1;
			Blocktemp[0] = 0x80;//padding the first bit with 1
			ArrayXor(16, Blocktemp, k2, Blocktemp);
			mbedtls_aes_crypt_ecb(&aes, AES_ENCRYPT, Blocktemp, macvalue);
		}
		else
		{
			mbedtls_aes_setkey_enc(&aes, MACkey, 128);// load mac key
			uint8_t remain = len % 16;
			block = len / 16 + 1;
			for (i = 0; i < block - 1; i++)
			{
				ArrayXor(16, &add[i * 16], IVtemp, Blocktemp);
				mbedtls_aes_crypt_ecb(&aes, AES_ENCRYPT, Blocktemp, IVtemp);
			}
			// the last block padding
			for (i = 0; i < remain; i++) 
			{
				Blocktemp[i] = add[(block - 1) * 16 + i];
			}
			Blocktemp[remain] = 0x80;
			for (i = remain + 1; i < 16; i++)
			{
				Blocktemp[i] = 0;
			}
			// end of the last block padding			
			
			ArrayXor(16, Blocktemp, k2, Blocktemp);
			ArrayXor(16, Blocktemp, IVtemp, Blocktemp);
			mbedtls_aes_crypt_ecb(&aes, AES_ENCRYPT, Blocktemp, macvalue);
		}

	}
}

uint8_t VerifyMAC(int len, uint8_t *add, uint8_t *macvalue1)
{
	int i, block;
	uint8_t IVtemp[16] = { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 };
	uint8_t Blocktemp[16] = { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 };
	uint8_t macvalue[16];
	uint8_t result=1;


	if (len % 16 == 0 && len != 0)
	{
		mbedtls_aes_setkey_enc(&aes, MACkey, 128);// load mac key
		block = len / 16;
		for (i = 0; i < block - 1; i++)
		{
			ArrayXor(16, &add[i * 16], IVtemp, Blocktemp);
			mbedtls_aes_crypt_ecb(&aes, AES_ENCRYPT, Blocktemp, IVtemp);
		}
		ArrayXor(16, &add[(block - 1) * 16], IVtemp, Blocktemp);
		ArrayXor(16, Blocktemp, k1, Blocktemp);
		mbedtls_aes_crypt_ecb(&aes, AES_ENCRYPT, Blocktemp, macvalue);
	}
	else
	{
		if (len == 0)
		{
			mbedtls_aes_setkey_enc(&aes, MACkey, 128);// load mac key
			block = 1;
			Blocktemp[0] = 0x80;//padding the first bit with 1
			ArrayXor(16, Blocktemp, k2, Blocktemp);
			mbedtls_aes_crypt_ecb(&aes, AES_ENCRYPT, Blocktemp, macvalue);
		}
		else
		{
			mbedtls_aes_setkey_enc(&aes, MACkey, 128);// load mac key
			uint8_t remain = len % 16;
			block = len / 16 + 1;
			for (i = 0; i < block - 1; i++)
			{
				ArrayXor(16, &add[i * 16], IVtemp, Blocktemp);
				mbedtls_aes_crypt_ecb(&aes, AES_ENCRYPT, Blocktemp, IVtemp);
			}
			// the last block padding
			for (i = 0; i < remain; i++)
			{
				Blocktemp[i] = add[(block - 1) * 16 + i];
			}
			Blocktemp[remain] = 0x80;
			for (i = remain + 1; i < 16; i++)
			{
				Blocktemp[i] = 0;
			}
			// end of the last block padding			

			ArrayXor(16, Blocktemp, k2, Blocktemp);
			ArrayXor(16, Blocktemp, IVtemp, Blocktemp);
			mbedtls_aes_crypt_ecb(&aes, AES_ENCRYPT, Blocktemp, macvalue);
		}

	}
	result = 1;
	for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)
	{
		if (macvalue[i] != macvalue1[i])
		{
			return(result);
		}
	}
	result = 0;
	return(result);
}

Main函式部分程式碼如下:

<pre class="cpp" name="code">int main()
{
uint8_t data[64] = { 0x6b, 0xc1, 0xbe, 0xe2, 0x2e, 0x40, 0x9f, 0x96, 0xe9, 0x3d, 0x7e, 0x11, 0x73, 0x93, 0x17, 0x2a,
		                 0xae, 0x2d, 0x8a, 0x57, 0x1e, 0x03, 0xac, 0x9c, 0x9e, 0xb7, 0x6f, 0xac, 0x45, 0xaf, 0x8e, 0x51, 
						 0x30, 0xc8, 0x1c, 0x46, 0xa3, 0x5c, 0xe4, 0x11, 0xe5, 0xfb, 0xc1, 0x19, 0x1a, 0x0a, 0x52, 0xef,
						 0xf6, 0x9f, 0x24, 0x45, 0xdf, 0x4f, 0x9b, 0x17, 0xad, 0x2b, 0x41, 0x7b, 0xe6, 0x6c, 0x37, 0x10 };
	uint8_t tf=2;
	
	uint8_t tk[16] = { 0x2b, 0x7e, 0x15, 0x16, 0x28, 0xae, 0xd2, 0xa6, 0xab, 0xf7, 0x15, 0x88, 0x09, 0xcf, 0x4f, 0x3c };
	LoadMacKey(tk);//載入MAC key
	GenerateMAC(33, data, MAC);// 資料位元組長度,資料地址,MAC地址
	tf=VerifyMAC(33, data, MAC); // 資料位元組長度,資料地址,MAC地址
}