檢視MySQL4種日誌引數及配置

阿新 • • 發佈：2019-02-03

[email protected] log]# tail -10 mysql_general.log
2017-12-05T11:50:41.252042Z 4 Query show variables like '%version'
2017-12-05T11:51:44.149565Z 4 Query help 'show'
2017-12-05T11:51:58.302866Z 4 Query help 'show variables'
2017-12-05T11:53:03.843965Z 4 Query show variables like '%general'
2017-12-05T11:53:09.659452Z 4 Query show variables like '%general%'
2017-12-05T11:54:35.341783Z 4 Query set global general_log=off

2.2 配置
永久配置
vi /etc/my.cnf
general_log = ON
general_log_file=/apps/mysql/log/mysql_general.log

3 檢視當前慢檔案的格式
mysql> show variables like '%log_output%';
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| log_output | FILE |
+---------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
當前慢檔案格式為file ，儲存在資料庫的資料檔案中的hostname.log
可以是table格式，儲存在資料庫的資料檔案中的mysql.general_log
設定通用日誌輸出為表方式：
set global log_output = 'file';
設定通用日誌輸出為表和檔案方式：
set global log_output = 'file,table';

4 慢查詢日誌：
記錄所有執行時間超過long_query_time秒的所有查詢或者不適用索引的查詢
預設情況下，MySQL不開啟慢查詢日誌，long_query_time的預設值為10，即執行時間超過10s的語句是慢查詢語句。
一般來說，慢查詢發生在大表中，且查詢的欄位沒有建立索引，此時，要匹配查詢的欄位會對全表進行掃描，耗時查long_query_time表

4.1 檢視狀態
mysql> show variables like '%query%';
+------------------------------+--------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+------------------------------+--------------------------+
| binlog_rows_query_log_events | OFF |
| ft_query_expansion_limit | 20 |
| have_query_cache | YES |
| long_query_time | 10.000000 |
| query_alloc_block_size | 8192 |
| query_cache_limit | 1048576 |
| query_cache_min_res_unit | 4096 |
| query_cache_size | 1048576 |
| query_cache_type | OFF |
| query_cache_wlock_invalidate | OFF |
| query_prealloc_size | 8192 |
| slow_query_log | ON |
| slow_query_log_file | /apps/mysql/log/slow.log |
+------------------------------+--------------------------+
13 rows in set (0.01 sec)

其中：
1）slow_query_log 的值為ON 為開啟慢查詢日誌，off表示關閉慢查詢日誌
2） slow_query_log_file 的值是記錄的慢查詢日誌到檔案中（預設為主機名.log）
3）long_query_time 指定了慢查詢的閾值，即執行語句的時間若超過這個值則為慢查詢語句
4）log_queries_not_using_indexes 如果該值是ON，則會記錄所有沒有利用索引來進行查詢的語句，前提是slow_query_log 的值也是ON,否則，不會

查詢當前慢查詢的語句個數：
show global status like '%slow%';
可以通過查詢語句檢視慢查詢的語句：
select * from mysql.slow_log;

永久配置：
long_query_time=10
slow_query_log_file = /apps/mysql/log/slow.log
expire_logs_days = 5

日誌格式;
# U

[email protected]: myh2017[myh2017] @ [10.26.43.80]
# Query_time: 7.893942 Lock_time: 0.000066 Rows_sent: 15 Rows_examined: 4583043
SET timestamp=1512530520;
SELECT
l.cid,
l.wid,
b.brand,
w.wechat,
w.server_name,
SUM(if(l.act_type=1,1,0)) AS t1,
SUM(if(l.act_type=2,1,0)) AS t2,
SUM(if(l.act_type=3,1,0)) AS t3,
SUM(if(l.act_type=4,1,0)) AS t4,
SUM(if(l.act_type=5,1,0)) AS tt5,
SUM(if(l.act_type=6,1,0)) AS tt6,
SUM(if(l.act_type=7,1,0)) AS t7
FROM cps_data_log l
LEFT JOIN cps_wechat w ON w.id=l.wid
LEFT JOIN cps_brand b ON b.id=w.brand
WHERE l.wid>0 AND b.id='15' AND l.cid in('671','672') AND l.add_time>='1512518401' AND l.add_time<='1512572459'
GROUP BY l.wid,l.cid
LIMIT 0 , 15;

5 錯誤日誌
MySQL錯誤日誌世紀路MySQL執行過程中較為嚴重的警告和錯誤資訊，以及MySQL每次啟動和關閉的詳細資訊。錯誤日誌的命名通常為伺服器主機名.err

mysql> show variables like '%err%';
+---------------------+--------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------------+--------------+
| binlog_error_action | ABORT_SERVER |
| error_count | 0 |
| log_error | ./error.log |
| log_error_verbosity | 3 |
| max_connect_errors | 100 |
| max_error_count | 64 |
| slave_skip_errors | OFF |
+---------------------+--------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

日誌格式：
2017-12-05T11:44:31.633593Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: 32 non-redo rollback segment(s) are active.
2017-12-05T11:44:31.636804Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start
2017-12-05T11:44:31.691053Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: 5.7.20 started; log sequence number 2565654
2017-12-05T11:44:31.692462Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Loading buffer pool(s) from /apps/mysql-5.7.20/data/ib_buffer_pool
2017-12-05T11:44:31.693457Z 0 [Note] Plugin 'FEDERATED' is disabled.
2017-12-05T11:44:31.695431Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Buffer pool(s) load completed at 171205 19:44:31
2017-12-05T11:44:31.716218Z 0 [Warning] Failed to set up SSL because of the following SSL library error: SSL context is not usable without certificate and private key
2017-12-05T11:44:31.716275Z 0 [Note] Server hostname (bind-address): '*'; port: 3306
2017-12-05T11:44:31.716398Z 0 [Note] IPv6 is available.
2017-12-05T11:44:31.716421Z 0 [Note] - '::' resolves to '::';
2017-12-05T11:44:31.716448Z 0 [Note] Server socket created on IP: '::'.
2017-12-05T11:44:31.734030Z 0 [Note] Event Scheduler: Loaded 0 events
2017-12-05T11:44:31.734671Z 0 [Note] /apps/mysql/bin/mysqld: ready for connections.
Version: '5.7.20-log' socket: '/apps/mysql/tmp/mysql.sock' port: 3306 Source distribution
2017-12-05T11:44:31.734706Z 0 [Note] Executing 'SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES;' to get a list of tables using the deprecated partition engine. You may use the startup option '--disable-partition-engine-check' to skip this check.
2017-12-05T11:44:31.734713Z 0 [Note] Beginning of list of non-natively partitioned tables
2017-12-05T11:44:31.754505Z 0 [Note] End of list of non-natively partitioned tables

6 二進位制日誌檔案
目的：
包含了所有更新了的資料或者潛在更新了的資料，包含關於每個更新資料庫的語句的執行時間資訊
儘可能將資料庫恢復到是巨酷故障點，因為二進位制日誌包含備份後進行的所有更新，用於在主複製伺服器上記錄所有將發生送給從伺服器的語句

檢視是否啟用二進位制日誌：
mysql> show variables like '%log_bin%';
+---------------------------------+----------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------------------------+----------------------------------+
| log_bin | ON |
| log_bin_basename | /apps/mysql/data/mysql-bin |
| log_bin_index | /apps/mysql/data/mysql-bin.index |
| log_bin_trust_function_creators | OFF |
| log_bin_use_v1_row_events | OFF |
| sql_log_bin | ON |
+---------------------------------+----------------------------------+
6 rows in set (0.01 sec)
檢視所有的二進位制引數
mysql> show variables like '%binlog%';
+-----------------------------------------+----------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+-----------------------------------------+----------------------+
| binlog_cache_size | 32768 |
| binlog_checksum | CRC32 |
| binlog_direct_non_transactional_updates | OFF |
| binlog_error_action | ABORT_SERVER |
| binlog_format | ROW |
| binlog_group_commit_sync_delay | 0 |
| binlog_group_commit_sync_no_delay_count | 0 |
| binlog_gtid_simple_recovery | ON |
| binlog_max_flush_queue_time | 0 |
| binlog_order_commits | ON |
| binlog_row_image | FULL |
| binlog_rows_query_log_events | OFF |
| binlog_stmt_cache_size | 32768 |
| innodb_api_enable_binlog | OFF |
| innodb_locks_unsafe_for_binlog | OFF |
| log_statements_unsafe_for_binlog | ON |
| max_binlog_cache_size | 18446744073709547520 |
| max_binlog_size | 1073741824 |
| max_binlog_stmt_cache_size | 18446744073709547520 |
| sync_binlog | 1 |
+-----------------------------------------+----------------------+
20 rows in set (0.01 sec)

檢視檔案的位置
mysql> show variables like '%datadir%';
+---------------+-------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------------------+
| datadir | /apps/mysql/data/ |
+---------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

日誌格式：
[

[email protected] data]# mysqlbinlog mysql-bin.000002
/*!50530 SET @@SESSION.PSEUDO_SLAVE_MODE=1*/;
/*!50003 SET @[email protected]@COMPLETION_TYPE,COMPLETION_TYPE=0*/;
DELIMITER /*!*/;
# at 4
#171205 19:43:01 server id 10 end_log_pos 123 CRC32 0x147eacd6 Start: binlog v 4, server v 5.7.20-log created 171205 19:43:01 at startup
ROLLBACK/*!*/;
BINLOG '
RYYmWg8KAAAAdwAAAHsAAAAAAAQANS43LjIwLWxvZwAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABFhiZaEzgNAAgAEgAEBAQEEgAAXwAEGggAAAAICAgCAAAACgoKKioAEjQA
AdasfhQ=
'/*!*/;
# at 123
#171205 19:43:01 server id 10 end_log_pos 154 CRC32 0xb947e916 Previous-GTIDs
# [empty]
# at 154
#171205 19:44:26 server id 10 end_log_pos 177 CRC32 0xec8a765c Stop
SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= 'AUTOMATIC' /* added by mysqlbinlog */ /*!*/;
DELIMITER ;
# End of log file
/*!50003 SET [email protected]_COMPLETION_TYPE*/;
/*!50530 SET @@SESSION.PSEUDO_SLAVE_MODE=0*/;

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