大一上:英語複習:英譯漢(新視野大學英語讀寫教程1:第一、三、四、六單元分句+註釋)
Book One
Unit One
10.Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.
Socrates was a classical Greek philosopher who is credited with laying the fundamentals (基礎) of modern Western philosophy.
Socrates [ˈsɔkrəti:z] n. 蘇格拉底(469-399BC,古希臘哲學家);
philosopher [fəˈlɒsəfə(r)] n. 哲學家,哲人; 思想家,學者; 豁達的人; 愛賣弄大道理者;
be credited with認為某人有某事物;被譽為;應記入;被記入
lay [leɪ] v. 放置,安放,擱;提出,提交(建議、資訊等);鋪,鋪放,鋪設(尤指在地板上)
philosophy [fəˈlɒsəfi] n. 哲學; 哲學體系,哲學思想; 生活信條; 哲理;
蘇格拉底是古希臘哲學家,被譽為現代西方哲學的奠基人。
He is a mysterious figure known chiefly through the accounts of later classical writers, especially the writings of his most famous student Plato
figure [ˈfɪgə(r)] n. 數字; 算術; 人物; 身材;
account [əˈkaʊnt] n. 賬,賬目; 存款; 記述,報告; 理由;
Plato ['pleɪtəʊ] n. (427-347BC,古希臘哲學家)柏拉圖;
他是一個謎一般的人物,人們主要通過後來的一些古典作家的敘述,尤其是他最著名的學生柏拉圖的作品去了解他。
Socrates has become well known for his contribution to the field of ethics.
ethic [ˈeθɪk] n. 倫理,倫理觀; 道德體系; (複數)倫理學,道德學; (複數)行為準則;
蘇格拉底以他對倫理學的貢獻而聞名。
His method of teaching, known as the Socratic Method, by asking and answering questions to stimulate critical thinking and to explain ideas remains a commonly used tool in a wide range of discussions.
Socratic [sɔˈkrætik] adj. 蘇格拉底(哲學)的;
stimulate [ˈstɪmjuleɪt] vt. 刺激; 激勵,鼓舞; 使興奮;
他的教學法亦稱為蘇格拉底法,即通過提問和回答來激發批判性思維以及闡述觀點。該方法在各種討論中仍被普遍使用。
He also made important and lasting contributions to the field of epistemology(認識論) and logic,and the influence of his ideas and approach remains a strong foundation for Western philosophy that followed.
epistemology [ɪˌpɪstəˈmɒlədʒi] n. 認識論;
他還在認識論和邏輯領域做出了重大而深遠的貢獻。他的思想和方法所帶來的影響一直是後來的西方哲學的堅實基礎。
Socrates was the most colorful figure in the history of ancient philosophy.
蘇格拉底是古代哲學史上最豐富多彩的人物。
His fame was widespread in his own time, and his name soon became a household word although he constructed no philosophical system, established no school, and founded no sect(宗派).
philosophical [ˌfɪləˈsɒfɪkl] adj. 哲學上的,哲學(家)的; 冷靜的,沉著的; 明達的; 達觀的;
found [faʊnd] vt. 創辦,成立,建立;
sect [sekt] n. 宗派,教派; 學派,黨派;
他在他那個時代已威名遠揚。雖然他未曾建立什麼哲學體系,未曾設立什麼學派,也未曾創立什麼宗派,但他的名字很快就變得家喻戶曉了。
Unit Three
10.Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.
The London Underground is a rapid transit(交通運輸系統) system in the United Kingdom, serving a large part of Greater London.
transit[ˈtrænzɪt] n. 通過; 搬運; 轉變; 運輸線;
倫敦地鐵是英國的一個快速交通運輸系統,服務於大倫敦的大部分地區。
The underground system is also known as the Tube, due to the characteristic shape of the subway tunnels.
tube[tju:b] n. 管,管狀物; 電子管; 地鐵; 電視機;
tunnel[ˈtʌnl] n. 隧道; 地道; 煙道; (動物棲息的)穴;
地鐵系統因其地鐵隧道的典型形狀也被稱為地下管道。
It all started in the mid-1800s. The Tube was the world’s first underground train system, with the first section opening in 1863.
倫敦地鐵始建於19世紀中期,是世界上最早的地下鐵路系統。它的第一段地鐵於1863年開始運營。
Since then it has grown to an underground masterpiece(傑作) of 12 lines, 275 stations, and over 250 miles of rail track, 45% of which is underground.
track [træk] n. 小路,小道; 痕跡,蹤跡; 軌道,音軌; 方針,路線;
自此,倫敦地鐵不斷延伸,發展成為一個包括12條線路、275個車站、鐵軌總長超過250英里的地鐵傑作,其中有45%在地下執行。
It is the fourth largest metro system in the world in terms of route miles. It also has one of the largest numbers of stations.
metro[ˈmetrəʊ] n. 地下鐵道;
in terms of 根據; 用…的話; 就…而言; 以…為單位;
mile[maɪl] n.[可數名詞] a unit for measuring distance equal to 1 609 metres or 1 760 yards 英里(= 1 609米或1 760碼)
miles [複數] a large area or a long distance 大面積;長距離
就路線長度而言,它是世界上第四大地鐵系統,也是車站數量最多的地鐵系統之一。
As an affordable and easy way to get around London, the Tube remains the first choice for millions of commuters each day, as well as tourists visiting the city on holidays.
get around (also British English also get about) to move from place to place or from person to person 傳播;流傳;各處走動
commuter [kəˈmju:tə(r)] n. (遠距離)上下班往返的人,通勤者
作為一個走遍倫敦的經濟便捷的途徑,倫敦地鐵一向是每天數百萬通勤者以及在節假日遊歷倫敦的首選。
The Tube has been an international icon for London.
icon ['aɪkɒn; -k(ə)n] n. 圖示;偶像;肖像,畫像;聖像
倫敦地鐵已成為倫敦的一個國際標誌。
The London Underground celebrated its 150 years of operation in 2013, with various events marking the milestone(里程碑).
operate [ˈɒpəreɪt; 美 ˈɑ:p-] v.to work in a particular way or from a particular place (以某方式或從某地方)經營,營業
operation [ˌɒpəˈreɪʃn; 美 ˌɑ:p-] n. the activity or work done in an area of business or industry (工商業)活動,業務
mark |mɑ:k; 美 mɑ:rk| ~ A (with B) | ~ B on A to write or draw a symbol, line, etc. on sth in order to give information about it 做記號;做標記
to celebrate or officially remember an event that you consider to be important 紀念;慶賀
2013年倫敦舉辦了各種各樣的活動,慶祝地鐵運營150週年,紀念這一里程碑。
Unit Four
10. Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.
As one of the first Europeans to travel across Asia through China, Marco Polo is perhaps the most well-known foreign merchant and voyager to the Chinese people.
Marco Polo ['mɑrko ˈpəʊləʊ] 馬可·波羅
merchant [ˈmɜ:tʃənt] n. 商人; 批發商; 店主; 零售商;
voyager [ˈvɔɪɪdʒə(r)] n. 航行者,航海者; 旅客;
作為通過中國遊歷亞洲的首批歐洲人之一,馬可·波羅可能是中國人最熟知的外國商人和航海家。
He traveled extensively (廣泛地) with his family, journeying from Europe to Asia from 1271 to 1295.
extensively [ɪk'stensɪvlɪ] adv. 廣大地,廣泛地;
從1271年到1295年,他和他的家人遊歷廣泛,遍及歐洲和亞洲。
He remained in China for 17 of those years.
remain [rɪˈmeɪn] n. 剩餘物,殘骸; 殘餘; 遺蹟; 遺體;
vi.& link-v. 擱置; 剩餘,剩下; 逗留; 終屬,歸於;
期間,他在中國留居了17年。
His book The Travels of Marco Polo depicts his journeys throughout Asia, giving Europeans their first comprehensive look into the Far East, including China, India, and Japan.
depict [dɪˈpɪkt] vt. 描繪,描畫; 描述;
comprehensive [ˌkɒmprɪˈhensɪv] adj. 廣泛的; 綜合的; 有理解力的,悟性好的; [保險業]總體擔保的;
他的著作《馬可·波羅遊記》描述了他遊歷亞洲的旅程,讓歐洲人首次全面領略了包括中國、印度和日本在內的遠東地區的情況。
From his written accounts the Westerners learned of porcelain, coal, gunpowder, printing, paper money, and silk for the first time.
account [əˈkaʊnt] n. 賬,賬目; 存款; 記述,報告; 理由;
Westerner [ˈwestənə(r)] n. 西方人; 西部地區的人;
porcelain [ˈpɔ:səlɪn] n. 瓷,瓷器;
silk [sɪlk] n. 絲,蠶絲; 絲綢,絲織物; (用於縫紉的)絲線; 王室法律顧問;
從他的文字敘述中,西方人第一次瞭解到瓷器、煤炭、火藥、印刷術、紙幣以及絲綢。
The wealth of new geographic information recorded by Polo was widely used in the late 15th and the 16th centuries during the age of the European voyages of discovery and conquest (征服).
wealth [welθ] n. 財產,財富; 富豪(階級); 豐富,大量; 繁榮;
[單數] ~ of sth a large amount of sth 大量;豐富;眾多;充裕
voyage [ˈvɔɪɪdʒ] n. 旅行,航海,航空; 遠行; 旅程;
conquest [ˈkɒŋkwest] n. 征服,擊敗; 戰利品; (尤指)愛情的俘虜; 贏得(物);
在15世紀末和16世紀歐洲發現與征服的大航海時代,馬可·波羅所記錄的大量新的地理資訊得到了廣泛使用。
In the centuries since his death, Marco Polo has received the recognition that failed to come his way during his lifetime.
recognition[ˌrekəgˈnɪʃn] n. [不可數名詞] the act of remembering who sb is when you see them, or of identifying what sth is 認出;認識;識別
[不可數名詞] ~ (for sth) public praise and reward for sb's work or actions 讚譽;賞識;獎賞
to come one's way發生在某人身上
在他去世後的這幾個世紀裡,馬可·波羅獲得了他在有生之年未曾獲得的讚譽。
Marco Polo’s story has inspired countless other adventurers to set off and see the world.
inspire [ɪnˈspaɪə(r)]v. ~ sb (to sth) to give sb the desire, confidence or enthusiasm to do sth well 激勵;鼓舞
adventurer [ədˈventʃərə(r)] n. 探險家,冒險家; 投機商人;
馬可·波羅的故事鼓舞了其他無數的探險者去踏上征程,發現世界。
Unit Six
10. Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.
Gap year (間隔年) refers to a period of time--not necessarily a year-- in which students take time off and do something other than schooling, such as travel or work.
gap [gæp] n. 缺口; 分歧; 間隔; 美國休閒服飾品牌;
necessarily [ˌnesəˈserəli] adv. 必要地; 必需地; 必定地; 必然地;
間隔年指的是學生休假不去上學而去旅遊或工作等的一段時間,但不一定是一年。
The year out is most commonly taken after high school and before going to university.
take out 取出;去掉;出發;發洩;把…帶出去;邀請(某人)外出;開始
間隔年通常選在高中畢業和進入大學之前的一段時間。
During this time, a student might travel, engage in volunteer work or undertake (承擔) a working holiday abroad.
engage [ɪnˈgeɪdʒ] vt. 吸引住; 聘用; 與…交戰;
vi. 與…建立密切關係; 銜接; 從事; 緊密結合;
engage in參加,從事,忙於; 業; 經營;
undertake[ˌʌndəˈteɪk; 美 -dərˈt-] v. [動詞 + 名詞短語] to make yourself responsible for sth and start doing it 承擔;從事;負責
在這段時間裡,學生可以旅遊、參加志願者工作或者在國外邊打工邊度假。
A new trend is to participate in international education programs that combine language study, home stays, cultural exchange, community service, and independent study.
program ['prəʊɡræm] n. 程式;計劃;大綱
vt. 用程式指令;為…制訂計劃;為…安排節目
vi. 程式設計序;安排節目;設計電腦程式
一種新潮流是參加集語言學習、住家、文化交流、社群服務和自主學習於一體的國際教育活動。
The practice of taking a year out developed in the United Kingdom in the 1960s.
間隔年的做法於20世紀60年代興起於英國。
It has grown very popular among students in the UK, Australia, New Zealand, and Canada.
它在英國、澳大利亞、紐西蘭和加拿大已經變得非常流行。
In the United States, however, the practice of taking a year off remains the exception(例外).
exception[ɪkˈsepʃn] n. 例外,除外; 反對,批評; [法律]異議,反對;
a person or thing that is not included in a general statement 一般情況以外的人(或事物);例外
但是在美國,間隔年的做法仍然只是個別現象。
But in recent years, taking a year out has become slightly more common for Americans.
不過近年來,間隔年對美國人來說變得稍微普遍起來。
Some 40,000 American students participated in 2013 in gap year programs, an increase of almost 20% since 2006, Universities such as Princeton University, Harvard University, Massachusetts Institute of Technology have formal policies allowing students to defer (延期)admission.
some [səm] adv. used before numbers to mean ‘approximately ’ (用於數詞前,意同approximately)大約,差不多
Princeton ['prɪnstən] n. 普林斯頓;
Harvard[ˈhɑ:vəd] n. 美國哈佛大學;
Massachusetts [ˌmæsə'tʃu:sɪts] n. 馬薩諸塞州;
institute [ˈɪnstɪtju:t] n. 協會; 學會; 學院; (教育、專業等)機構;
policy [ˈpɒləsi] n. 政策; 策略; 保險單; 策略性;
defer [dɪˈfɜ:(r)] vt. 使推遲; 使延期; 拖延,推遲; [軍]使延期入伍;
admission[ədˈmɪʃn] n. ~ (to sth) the act of accepting sb into an institution, organization, etc.; the right to enter a place or to join an institution or organization (機構、組織等的)准許加入,加入權,進入權
2013年有大約四萬美國學生參加了間隔年活動,比2006年增加了近20%。普林斯頓大學、哈佛大學、麻省理工學院等大學都有明文規定允許學生延遲入學。