由於工作需要server間實現自動互動，因此特意在網上找了幾篇關於expect文章進行學習。

之後嘗試實現了幾個常用互動功能的程式，寫成指令碼供大家參考。

expect不是函式也不是命令,是一種程式設計工具語言,主要功能是實現資訊自動互動(例:自動登入server).

usage: expect [-di] [-c cmds] [[-f] cmdfile] [args]

expect巢狀在shell指令碼中實現scp：

#!/bin/sh
echo "input your text name for copying:"
read textname			//得到要scp的檔名
login="yourlogin"		//設定你的login
password="yourpassword"		//設定你的password
servername="yourservername"	//設定你的server
path=`pwd`  			//設定scp檔案所在的path
objectpath="yourobjectpath"	//設定scp檔案到哪個path

expect -c "
spawn scp "$path/$textname" "
 
[email protected]$servername:@objectpath" //執行scp操作,這時系統會詢問密碼.
expect {
\"*assword:*\" {
                 set timeout 300//設定超時時間. 
                       send \"$password\r\"//千萬別忘掉回車.
                       }
       }
expect eof"

expect巢狀在shell指令碼中實現ftp：

#!/bin/ksh
login="yourlogin"
password="yourpassword"
ftpserver="yourserverip"	//格式：xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx
path="yourpath" 		//你要在目標server中存放file的path

echo "input your file that will download to njcgpa"
read line
                expect << EOF
                        set timeout 120
                        spawn ftp $ftpserver
                        expect "*Name*"
                        send "$login\r"
                        expect "*assword*"
                        send "$password\r"
                        expect "*ftp*"
                        send "cd $path\r"
                        expect "*250*CWD*"
                        send "put line\r"
                        expect "*complete*"
                        send "bye\r"
                expect eof 
EOF		//EOF必須在行首，行首不能有空格
 

一個完整的實現自動ftp多個檔案的程式。

功能：將多個檔案ftp到指定server中的指定path中去。

用法：將程式存放在autoftp檔案中。

>./autoftp file1 file2 file3 file4 ...

#!/bin/ksh
login="yourlogin"
password="yourpassword"
ftpserver="yourftpserverIP"
path="yourftppath"
succount=0
allcount=0
while [ $# -gt 0 ]
do
        allcount=`expr $allcount + 1`
        if [ -f $1 ]
        then
                succount=`expr $succount + 1`
                expect << EOF
                        set timeout 120
                        spawn ftp $ftpserver
                        expect "*Name*"
                        send "$login\r"
                        expect "*assword*"
                        send "$password\r"
                        expect "*ftp*"
                        send "cd $path\r"
                        expect "*250*CWD*"
                        send "put $1\r"
                        expect "*complete*"
                        send "bye\r"
                expect eof
EOF
                echo "$1 file was ftp completed!" >> resultlog
        else
                echo "$1 file was not found!" >> resultlog
                countine
        fi
        shift
done
if [ -f resultlog ]
then
        cat resultlog
        rm resultlog
fi
echo "ftp $allcount files, $succount files were finished to ftp!" 
 

測試：

>touch 1 2 3 4 5 // 新建5個file檔案
>./autoftp 1 2 3 4 55 66 77 5 // 55 66 77為三個不存在的檔案

1 file was ftp completed!
2 file was ftp completed!
3 file was ftp completed!
4 file was ftp completed!
55 file was not found!
66 file was not found!
77 file was not found!
5 file was ftp completed!
ftp 8 files, 5 files were finished to ftp!

該程式目前只能判定檔案是否存在，若不存在則跳過不執行ftp。