宣告：非原創，但忘記出處，程式碼貼在這裡，僅供參考！

SELECT   [表名] = c.name,
         [表說明] = Isnull(f.[value],''),
         [列名] = a.name,
         [列序號] = a.column_id,
         [標識] = CASE 
                  WHEN is_identity = 1 THEN '√'
                  ELSE ''
                END,
         [主鍵] = CASE 
                  WHEN EXISTS (SELECT 1
                               FROM   sys.objects x
                                      JOIN sys.indexes y
                                        ON x.TYPE = N'PK'
                                           AND x.name = y.name
                                      JOIN sysindexkeys z
                                        ON z.id = a.object_id
                                           AND z.indid = y.index_id
                                           AND z.colid = a.column_id) THEN '√'
                  ELSE ''
                END,
         [型別] = b.name,
         [位元組數] = CASE 
                   WHEN a.[max_length] = -1
                        AND b.name != 'xml' THEN 'max/2G'
                   WHEN b.name = 'xml' THEN '2^31-1位元組/2G'
                   ELSE Rtrim(a.[max_length])
                 END,
         [長度] = CASE 
                  WHEN Columnproperty(a.object_id,a.name,'Precision') = -1 THEN '2^31-1'
                  ELSE Rtrim(Columnproperty(a.object_id,a.name,'Precision'))
                END,
         [小數] = Isnull(Columnproperty(a.object_id,a.name,'Scale'),
                       0),
         [是否為空] = CASE 
                    WHEN a.is_nullable = 1 THEN '√'
                    ELSE ''
                  END,
         [列說明] = Isnull(e.[value],''),
         [預設值] = Isnull(d.text,'')
FROM     sys.columns a
         LEFT JOIN sys.types b
           ON a.user_type_id = b.user_type_id
         INNER JOIN sys.objects c
           ON a.object_id = c.object_id
              AND c.TYPE = 'U'
         LEFT JOIN syscomments d
           ON a.default_object_id = d.id
         LEFT JOIN sys.extended_properties e
           ON e.major_id = c.object_id
              AND e.minor_id = a.column_id
              AND e.class = 1
         LEFT JOIN sys.extended_properties f
           ON f.major_id = c.object_id
              AND f.minor_id = 0
              AND f.class = 1
ORDER BY c.name