leetcode 130. 被圍繞的區域
阿新 • • 發佈:2019-02-07
這道題我用的逆向思維法,用DFS判斷和邊上’O’連線的’O’,然後將他們標記為星號,標記完全部之後,再遍歷一次陣列,將’O’換為‘X’,’*‘換為O,即可完成。
這個演算法可圈點的地方在於,DFS用的是棧實現的,以前實現DFS總是用遞迴,沒想過非遞迴如何實現,如今又是一個進步。不過我很奇怪為什麼我第一次用同樣思路,但是用BFS寫的演算法會超時,有大神幫我看一下嗎?
DFS
20ms
struct POS
{
int x;
int y;
POS(int newx, int newy): x(newx), y(newy) {}
};
class Solution {
public :
void solve(vector<vector<char>> &board) {
if(board.empty() || board[0].empty())
return;
int m = board.size();
int n = board[0].size();
for(int i = 0; i < m; i ++)
{
for(int j = 0; j < n; j ++)
{
if (board[i][j] == 'O')
{
if(i == 0 || i == m-1 || j == 0 || j == n-1)
{// remain 'O' on the boundry
dfs(board, i, j, m, n);
}
}
}
}
for(int i = 0; i < m; i ++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < n; j ++)
{
if(board[i][j] == 'O')
board[i][j] = 'X';
else if(board[i][j] == '*')
board[i][j] = 'O';
}
}
}
void dfs(vector<vector<char>> &board, int i, int j, int m, int n)
{
stack<POS*> stk;
POS* pos = new POS(i, j);
stk.push(pos);
board[i][j] = '*';
while(!stk.empty())
{
POS* top = stk.top();
if(top->x > 0 && board[top->x-1][top->y] == 'O')
{
POS* up = new POS(top->x-1, top->y);
stk.push(up);
board[up->x][up->y] = '*';
continue;
}
if(top->x < m-1 && board[top->x+1][top->y] == 'O')
{
POS* down = new POS(top->x+1, top->y);
stk.push(down);
board[down->x][down->y] = '*';
continue;
}
if(top->y > 0 && board[top->x][top->y-1] == 'O')
{
POS* left = new POS(top->x, top->y-1);
stk.push(left);
board[left->x][left->y] = '*';
continue;
}
if(top->y < n-1 && board[top->x][top->y+1] == 'O')
{
POS* right = new POS(top->x, top->y+1);
stk.push(right);
board[right->x][right->y] = '*';
continue;
}
stk.pop();
}
}
};
BFS
TLE
class Solution {
public:
void solve(vector<vector<char>>& board) {
int m = board.size();
if (m == 0)
return;
int n = board[0].size();
for (int i = 0; i<n; ++i) {
if (board[0][i] == 'O') {
process(board, 0, i);
}
if (board[m - 1][i] == 'O') {
process(board, m - 1, i);
}
}
for (int i = 1; i<m - 1; ++i) {
if (board[i][0] == 'O') {
process(board, i, 0);
}
if (board[i][n - 1] == 'O') {
process(board, i, n - 1);
}
}
for (auto &k : board) {
for (auto &t : k) {
if (t == 'Z')
t = 'O';
else if (t == 'O')
t = 'X';
}
}
return;
}
void process(vector<vector<char>>& board, int p, int q) {
vector<int>xaxi{ 1,-1,0,0 };
vector<int>yaxi{ 0,0,1,-1 };
deque<pair<int, int>>cur;
deque<pair<int, int>>next;
cur.push_back({ p,q });
while (!cur.empty()) {
auto tmp = cur.front();
cur.pop_front();
board[tmp.first][tmp.second] = 'Z';
for (int i = 0; i<4; ++i) {
int x = tmp.first + xaxi[i];
int y = tmp.second + yaxi[i];
if (x >= 0 && x<board.size() && y >= 0 && y<board[0].size()) {
if (board[x][y] == 'O') {
next.push_back({ x,y });
}
}
}
if (cur.empty()) {
swap(cur, next);
}
}
}
};