分散式搜尋Elasticsearch——QueryBuilders.matchPhraseQuery
阿新 • • 發佈:2019-02-14
ES源代碼中對matchPhraseQuery的描述如下所示:
/** * Creates a text query with type "PHRASE" for the provided field name and text. * * @param name The field name. * @param text The query text (to be analyzed). */ public static MatchQueryBuilder matchPhraseQuery(String name, Object text) { return new MatchQueryBuilder(name, text).type(MatchQueryBuilder.Type.PHRASE); }
先看示例:
/** * @author Geloin */ package com.geloin.esample.util; import java.util.UUID; import junit.framework.Assert; import org.elasticsearch.action.bulk.BulkRequestBuilder; import org.elasticsearch.action.bulk.BulkResponse; import org.elasticsearch.action.index.IndexRequest; import org.elasticsearch.action.search.SearchResponse; import org.elasticsearch.index.query.QueryBuilder; import org.elasticsearch.index.query.QueryBuilders; import org.elasticsearch.search.SearchHit; import org.elasticsearch.search.SearchHits; import org.junit.Test; import com.geloin.esample.BaseTest; import com.geloin.esample.entity.Person; /** * @author Geloin * */ public class MatchPhraseQueryTest extends BaseTest { @Test public void matchPhraseQuery() { try { // 建立索引 BulkRequestBuilder builder = client.prepareBulk(); for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) { Person p = new Person(); p.setId(UUID.randomUUID().toString()); p.setAge(20); p.setIsStudent(false); p.setSex("男"); p.setName("小別克聽老別克講別克的故事"); String source = ElasticSearchUtil.BeanToJson(p); IndexRequest request = client.prepareIndex().setIndex(index) .setType(type).setId(p.getId()).setSource(source) .request(); builder.add(request); } BulkResponse bResponse = builder.execute().actionGet(); if (bResponse.hasFailures()) { Assert.fail("建立索引出錯!"); } // 檢索 QueryBuilder qb = QueryBuilders.matchPhraseQuery("name", "小別克老"); SearchResponse searchResponse = client.prepareSearch(index) .setTypes(type).setQuery(qb).setFrom(0).setSize(12) .execute().actionGet(); SearchHits hits = searchResponse.getHits(); if (null == hits || hits.totalHits() == 0) { log.error("使用\"小別克老\"沒有查詢到任何結果!"); } else { for (SearchHit hit : hits) { String json = hit.getSourceAsString(); Person newPerson = mapper.readValue(json, Person.class); System.out.println("name\t\t" + newPerson.getName()); System.out.println("sex\t\t" + newPerson.getSex()); System.out.println("age\t\t" + newPerson.getAge()); System.out.println("isStudent\t\t" + newPerson.getIsStudent()); } } // 檢索 QueryBuilder qb1 = QueryBuilders.matchPhraseQuery("name", "小別克聽"); SearchResponse searchResponse1 = client.prepareSearch(index) .setTypes(type).setQuery(qb1).setFrom(0).setSize(12) .execute().actionGet(); SearchHits hits1 = searchResponse1.getHits(); if (null == hits1 || hits1.totalHits() == 0) { log.error("使用\"小別克聽\"沒有查詢到任何結果!"); return; } else { for (SearchHit hit : hits1) { String json = hit.getSourceAsString(); Person newPerson = mapper.readValue(json, Person.class); System.out.println("name\t\t" + newPerson.getName()); System.out.println("sex\t\t" + newPerson.getSex()); System.out.println("age\t\t" + newPerson.getAge()); System.out.println("isStudent\t\t" + newPerson.getIsStudent()); } } Thread.sleep(1000000); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
你會發現,使用“小別克老”沒有查詢出任何結果,而使用“小別克聽”則查詢出了我們需要的結果,這便是matchPhraseQuery和matchQuery等的區別,在使用matchQuery等時,即使你傳入的是“小別克老”,在執行查詢時,“小別克老”會被分詞器分詞,例如paoding解析成“小別/別克/老”,而使用matchPhraseQuery時,“小別克老”並不會被分詞器分詞,而是直接以一個短語的形式查詢,而如果你在建立索引所使用的field的value中沒有這麼一個短語(順序無差,且連線在一起),那麼將查詢不出任何結果。