Unity Shader 內建函式
Intrinsic Functions (DirectX HLSL)
The following table lists the intrinsic functions available in HLSL. Each function has a brief description, and a link to a reference page that has more detail about the input argument and return type.
| Name | Syntax | Description |
|---|---|---|
| abs | abs(x) | Absolute value (per component). |
| acos | acos(x) | Returns the arccosine of each component of x. |
| all | all(x) | Test if all components of x are nonzero. |
| any | any(x) | Test if any component of x is nonzero. |
| asfloat(x) | Convert the input type to a float. | |
| asin | asin(x) | Returns the arcsine of each component of x. |
| asint | asint(x) | Convert the input type to an integer. |
| asuint(x) | Convert the input type to an unsigned integer. | |
| atan | atan(x) | Returns the arctangent of x. |
| atan2 | atan2(y, x) | Returns the arctangent of of two values (x,y). |
| ceil | ceil(x) | Returns the smallest integer which is greater than or equal to x. |
| clamp | clamp(x, min, max) | Clamps x to the range [min, max]. |
| clip | clip(x) | Discards the current pixel, if any component of x is less than zero. |
| cos | cos(x) | Returns the cosine of x. |
| cosh | cosh(x) | Returns the hyperbolic cosine of x. |
| cross | cross(x, y) | Returns the cross product of two 3D vectors. |
| D3DCOLORtoUBYTE4(x) | Swizzles and scales components of the 4D vector x to compensate for the lack of UBYTE4 support in some hardware. | |
| ddx | ddx(x) | Returns the partial derivative of x with respect to the screen-space x-coordinate. |
| ddy | ddy(x) | Returns the partial derivative of x with respect to the screen-space y-coordinate. |
| degrees(x) | Converts x from radians to degrees. | |
| determinant(m) | Returns the determinant of the square matrix m. | |
| distance(x, y) | Returns the distance between two points. | |
| dot | dot(x, y) | Returns the dot product of two vectors. |
| exp | exp(x) | Returns the base-e exponent. |
| exp2 | exp2(x) | Base 2 exponent (per component). |
| faceforward(n, i, ng) | Returns -n * sign(•(i, ng)). | |
| floor | floor(x) | Returns the greatest integer which is less than or equal to x. |
| fmod | fmod(x, y) | Returns the floating point remainder of x/y. |
| frac | frac(x) | Returns the fractional part of x. |
| frexp | frexp(x, exp) | Returns the mantissa and exponent of x. |
| fwidth(x) | Returns abs(ddx(x)) + abs(ddy(x)) | |
| GetRenderTargetSampleCount() | Returns the number of render-target samples. | |
| GetRenderTargetSamplePosition(x) | Returns a sample position (x,y) for a given sample index. | |
| isfinite(x) | Returns true if x is finite, false otherwise. | |
| isinf | isinf(x) | Returns true if x is +INF or -INF, false otherwise. |
| isnan | isnan(x) | Returns true if x is NAN or QNAN, false otherwise. |
| ldexp | ldexp(x, exp) | Returns x * 2exp |
| length(v) | Returns the length of the vector v. | |
| lerp | lerp(x, y, s) | Returns x + s(y - x). |
| lit | lit(n • l, n • h, m) | Returns a lighting vector (ambient, diffuse, specular, 1) |
| log | log(x) | Returns the base-e logarithm of x. |
| log10 | log10(x) | Returns the base-10 logarithm of x. |
| log2 | log2(x) | Returns the base-2 logarithm of x. |
| max | max(x, y) | Selects the greater of x and y. |
| min | min(x, y) | Selects the lesser of x and y. |
| modf | modf(x, out ip) | Splits the value x into fractional and integer parts. |
| mul | mul(x, y) | Performs matrix multiplication using x and y. |
| noise | noise(x) | Generates a random value using the Perlin-noise algorithm. |
| normalize(x) | Returns a normalized vector. | |
| pow | pow(x, y) | Returns xy. |
| radians(x) | Converts x from degrees to radians. | |
| reflect(i, n) | Returns a reflection vector. | |
| refract(i, n, R) | Returns the refraction vector. | |
| round | round(x) | Rounds x to the nearest integer |
| rsqrt | rsqrt(x) | Returns 1 / sqrt(x) |
| saturate(x) | Clamps x to the range [0, 1] | |
| sign | sign(x) | Computes the sign of x. |
| sin | sin(x) | Returns the sine of x |
| sincos(x, out s, out c) | Returns the sine and cosine of x. | |
| sinh | sinh(x) | Returns the hyperbolic sine of x |
| smoothstep(min, max, x) | Returns a smooth Hermite interpolation between 0 and 1. | |
| sqrt | sqrt(x) | Square root (per component) |
| step | step(a, x) | Returns (x >= a) ? 1 : 0 |
| tan | tan(x) | Returns the tangent of x |
| tanh | tanh(x) | Returns the hyperbolic tangent of x |
| tex1D | tex1D(s, t) | 1D texture lookup. |
| tex1Dbias(s, t) | 1D texture lookup with bias. | |
| tex1Dgrad(s, t, ddx, ddy) | 1D texture lookup with a gradient. | |
| tex1Dlod(s, t) | 1D texture lookup with LOD. | |
| tex1Dproj(s, t) | 1D texture lookup with projective divide. | |
| tex2D | tex2D(s, t) | 2D texture lookup. |
| tex2Dbias(s, t) | 2D texture lookup with bias. | |
| tex2Dgrad(s, t, ddx, ddy) | 2D texture lookup with a gradient. | |
| tex2Dlod(s, t) | 2D texture lookup with LOD. | |
| tex2Dproj(s, t) | 2D texture lookup with projective divide. | |
| tex3D | tex3D(s, t) | 3D texture lookup. |
| tex3Dbias(s, t) | 3D texture lookup with bias. | |
| tex3Dgrad(s, t, ddx, ddy) | 3D texture lookup with a gradient. | |
| tex3Dlod(s, t) | 3D texture lookup with LOD. | |
| tex3Dproj(s, t) | 3D texture lookup with projective divide. | |
| texCUBE(s, t) | Cube texture lookup. | |
| texCUBEbias(s, t) | Cube texture lookup with bias. | |
| texCUBEgrad(s, t, ddx, ddy) | Cube texture lookup with a gradient. | |
| tex3Dlod(s, t) | Cube texture lookup with LOD. | |
| texCUBEproj(s, t) | Cube texture lookup with projective divide. | |
| transpose(m) | Returns the transpose of the matrix m. | |
| trunc | trunc(x) | Truncates floating-point value(s) to integer value(s) |
表 3-1 HLSL內建函式
|
函式名 用法 |
abs 計算輸入值的絕對值。
acos 返回輸入值反餘弦值。
all 測試非0值。
any 測試輸入值中的任何非零值。
asin 返回輸入值的反正弦值。
atan 返回輸入值的反正切值。
atan2 返回y/x的反正切值。
ceil 返回大於或等於輸入值的最小整數。
clamp 把輸入值限制在[min, max]範圍內。
clip 如果輸入向量中的任何元素小於0，則丟棄當前畫素。
cos 返回輸入值的餘弦。
cosh 返回輸入值的雙曲餘弦。
cross 返回兩個3D向量的叉積。
ddx 返回關於螢幕座標x軸的偏導數。
ddy 返回關於螢幕座標y軸的偏導數。
degrees 弧度到角度的轉換
determinant 返回輸入矩陣的值。
distance 返回兩個輸入點間的距離。
dot 返回兩個向量的點積。
exp 返回以e為底數，輸入值為指數的指數函式值。
exp2 返回以2為底數，輸入值為指數的指數函式值。
faceforward 檢測多邊形是否位於正面。
floor 返回小於等於x的最大整數。
fmod 返回a / b的浮點餘數。
frac 返回輸入值的小數部分。
frexp 返回輸入值的尾數和指數
fwidth 返回 abs ( ddx (x) + abs ( ddy(x))。
isfinite 如果輸入值為有限值則返回true，否則返回false。
isinf 如何輸入值為無限的則返回true。
isnan 如果輸入值為NAN或QNAN則返回true。
ldexp frexp的逆運算，返回 x * 2 ^ exp。
len / lenth 返回輸入向量的長度。
lerp 對輸入值進行插值計算。
lit 返回光照向量（環境光，漫反射光，鏡面高光，1）。
log 返回以e為底的對數。
log10 返回以10為底的對數。
log2 返回以2為底的對數。
max 返回兩個輸入值中較大的一個。
min 返回兩個輸入值中較小的一個。
modf 把輸入值分解為整數和小數部分。
mul 返回輸入矩陣相乘的積。
normalize 返回規範化的向量，定義為 x / length(x)。
pow 返回輸入值的指定次冪。
radians 角度到弧度的轉換。
reflect 返回入射光線i對錶面法線n的反射光線。
refract 返回在入射光線i，表面法線n，折射率為eta下的折射光線v。
round 返回最接近於輸入值的整數。
rsqrt 返回輸入值平方根的倒數。
saturate 把輸入值限制到[0, 1]之間。
sign 計算輸入值的符號。
sin 計算輸入值的正弦值。
sincos 返回輸入值的正弦和餘弦值。
sinh 返回x的雙曲正弦。
smoothstep 返回一個在輸入值之間平穩變化的插值。
sqrt 返回輸入值的平方根。
step 返回（x >= a）? 1 : 0。
tan 返回輸入值的正切值。
fanh 返回輸入值的雙曲線切線。
transpose 返回輸入矩陣的轉置。
tex1D* 1D紋理查詢。
tex2D* 2D紋理查詢。
tex3D* 3D紋理查詢。
Intrinsic Functions (DirectX HLSL)
The following table lists the intrinsic functions available in HLSL. Each function has a brief description, and a link to a reference page that has more detail about the input argument and return type.
| Name | Description | Minimum shader model |
|---|---|---|
| abs | Absolute value (per component). | 11 |
| acos | Returns the arccosine of each component of x. | 11 |
| all | Test if all components of x are nonzero. | 11 |
| Blocks execution of all threads in a group until all memory accesses have been completed. | 5 | |
| Blocks execution of all threads in a group until all memory accesses have been completed and all threads in the group have reached this call. | 5 | |
| any | Test if any component of x is nonzero. | 11 |
| Reinterprets a cast value into a double. | 5 | |
| Convert the input type to a float. | 4 | |
| asin | Returns the arcsine of each component of x. | 11 |
| asint | Convert the input type to an integer. | 4 |
| Reinterprets the bit pattern of a 64-bit type to a uint. | 5 | |
| Convert the input type to an unsigned integer. | 4 | |
| atan | Returns the arctangent of x. | 11 |
| atan2 | Returns the arctangent of of two values (x,y). | 11 |
| ceil | Returns the smallest integer which is greater than or equal to x. | 11 |
| clamp | Clamps x to the range [min, max]. | 11 |
| clip | Discards the current pixel, if any component of x is less than zero. | 11 |
| cos | Returns the cosine of x. | 11 |
| cosh | Returns the hyperbolic cosine of x. | 11 |
| Counts the number of bits (per component) in the input integer. | 5 | |
| cross | Returns the cross product of two 3D vectors. | 11 |
| Swizzles and scales components of the 4D vector xto compensate for the lack of UBYTE4 support in some hardware. | 11 | |
| ddx | Returns the partial derivative of x with respect to the screen-space x-coordinate. | 21 |
| Computes a low precision partial derivative with respect to the screen-space x-coordinate. | 5 | |
| Computes a high precision partial derivative with respect to the screen-space x-coordinate. | 5 | |
| ddy | Returns the partial derivative of x with respect to the screen-space y-coordinate. | 21 |
| Computes a low precision partial derivative with respect to the screen-space y-coordinate. | 5 | |
| Computes a high precision partial derivative with respect to the screen-space y-coordinate. | 5 | |
| Converts x from radians to degrees. | 11 | |
| Returns the determinant of the square matrix m. |
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