1 import urllib.request
 2 import urllib.parse
 3 import random
 4 
 5 #目標地址
 6 url="http://tieba.baidu.com/f"
 7 
 8 #偽造客戶端 http請求頭
 9 ua_list = [
10     "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.6; rv:2.0.1) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/4.0.1",
11     "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; rv:2.0.1) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/4.0.1
 
",
12     "User-Agent: Opera/9.80 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.6.8; U; en) Presto/2.8.131 Version/11.11",
13     "User-Agent: Opera/9.80 (Windows NT 6.1; U; en) Presto/2.8.131 Version/11.11",
14     "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_7_0) AppleWebKit/535.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/17.0.963.56 Safari/535.11
 
",
15     "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/72.0.3626.109 Safari/537.36"
16 ]
17 #隨機選擇一個作為請求頭
18 user_agent=random.choice(ua_list)
19 def doWrite(html,f_name):
20     """
21     :param html: 請求得到響應後收到的數據
22     :param f_name: 用於保存寫操作的文件名
23     :return:   E:\Demopy\swt
 
24     """
25     with open(f_name,"w",encoding=‘utf8‘)as f:
26         f.write(html)
27     print(">"*30)
28 
29 def loadPage(f_url,f_name):
30     #對目標地址進行請求
31     request=urllib.request.Request(f_url)
32     #設置http請求頭
33     request.add_header("User-Agent",user_agent)
34     #獲取響應數據
35     response=urllib.request.urlopen(request)
36     html=response.read().decode("utf-8")
37     #下載並保存
38     print("準備寫入數據....")
39     doWrite(html,f_name)
40 
41 def doCode(url,kwd):
42     ‘‘‘
43     對搜索關鍵字進行編碼
44     :return: 
45     ‘‘‘
46     kw={"kw":kwd}
47     kw=urllib.parse.urlencode(kw)
48     #關鍵字拼接
49     full_url=url+"?"+kw
50     return full_url
51 
52 
53 def doUrl(url,star,end):
54     ‘‘‘
55     拼接url地址
56     ‘‘‘
57     for pages in range(star,end+1):
58         page=(pages-1)*50
59 
60         f_url=url+"&pn="+str(page)
61         f_name="第"+str(pages)+"頁"+".html"
62         print("即將加載第{0}頁數據".format(pages))
63         loadPage(f_url,f_name)
64     print("下載完成，謝謝使用！")
65 
66 if __name__ == ‘__main__‘:
67     tb_name=input("請輸入要訪問的貼吧名:\n")
68     starPage=int(input("請輸入起始頁"))
69     endPage=int(input("請輸入結束頁"))
70 
71     full_url=doCode(url,tb_name)
72     doUrl(full_url,starPage,endPage)

爬蟲入門學習 貼吧小案例