OSPFV3綜合實驗 (第三組)
拓撲圖
本次試驗規劃:拓撲分4個區域,其中區域2采用幀中繼實現區域內互通的前提下配置OSPF、ospfv3.R7與R8之間配置rip實現互通,區域1作為nssa區域,實現路由註入.最終實現全局互通。
ospf 配置
(1)ipv4地址規劃
R1
|
F0/0 |
10.29.10.1/24 |
F0/1 |
10.29.20.1/24 |
|
R2 |
F0/0 |
10.29.10.2/24 |
F1/0 |
10.29.30.2/24 |
|
R3 |
S4/2 |
10.29.40.3/24 |
F0/0 |
10.29.10.3/24 |
|
R5 |
S4/0 |
10.29.40.2/24 |
R6 |
S4/1 |
10.29.40.1/24 |
R7 |
F1/0 |
10.29.30.1/24 |
F0/1 |
10.29.20.2/24 |
|
F0/0 |
10.29.50.2/24 |
|
R8 |
F0/0 |
10.29.50.1/24 |
R1 |
Looback0 |
10.29.1.1/24 |
R2 |
Looback0 |
10.29.2.1/24 |
R3 |
Looback0 |
10.29.3.1/24 |
R4 |
Looback0 |
10.29.4.1/24 |
R5 |
Looback0 |
10.29.5.1/24 |
R6 |
Looback0 |
10.29.6.1/24 |
R7 |
Looback0 |
10.29.7.1/24 |
R8 |
Looback0 |
10.29.8.1/24 |
(2) 配置步驟
1:配置路由器各端口地址以及個路由器的環回接口地址
2:區域二采用幀中繼連接,R4作為幀中繼交換機
R4#configure terminal
R4(config)#frame-relay switching
R4(config)#interface serial 4/0
R4(config-if)# encapsulation frame-relay
R4(config-if)#no arp frame-relay //關閉動態dicl
R4(config-if)# frame-relay lmi-type cisco //定義信令類型
R4(config-if)# frame-relay intf-type dce //定義設備類型
R4(config-if)# frame-relay route 201 interface Serial4/1 101 //配置幀中繼路由表
R4(config-if)#frame-relay route 202 interface Serial4/2 402
R4(config-if)#exit
R4(config)#interface serial 4/1
R4(config-if)# encapsulation frame-relay
R4(config-if)# frame-relay lmi-type cisco //定義信令類型
R4(config-if)# frame-relay intf-type dce //定義設備類型
R4(config-if)# frame-relay route 101 interface Serial4/0 201 //配置幀中繼路由表
R4(config-if)#frame-relay route 102 interface Serial4/2 401
R4(config-if)#exit
R4(config)#interface serial 4/2
R4(config-if)# encapsulation frame-relay
R4(config-if)# frame-relay lmi-type cisco //定義信令類型
R4(config-if)# frame-relay intf-type dce //定義設備類型
R4(config-if)# frame-relay route 401 interface Serial4/1 102 //配置幀中繼路由表
R4(config-if)#frame-relay route 402 interface Serial4/2 202
R4(config-if)#exit
R5 R6配置靜態dlci
R5#configure terminal
R5(config)interface Serial4/0
R5(config-if)# encapsulation frame-relay
R5(config-if)#no arp frame-relay //關閉動態dicl
R5(config-if)# frame-relay map ip 10.29.40.1 201 broadcast
R5(config-if)# frame-relay map ip 10.29.40.3 202 broadcast
R5(config-if)#exit
R6#configure terminal
R6(config)#interface Serial4/1
R6(config-if)# encapsulation frame-relay
R6(config-if)#no arp frame-relay //關閉動態dicl
R6(config-if)# frame-relay map ip 10.29.40.3 102 broadcast
R6(config-if)# frame-relay map ip 10.29.40.2 101 broadcast
R6(config-if)#exit
測試連通性:
R5#ping 10.29.40.3
3:配置ospf
R2配置以R1為例:
R1#conf terminal
R1(config)#router ospf 1
R1(config-router)# router-id 1.1.1.1
R1(config-router)#area 1 nssa //定義區域1為nssa區域
R1(config-router)#network 10.29.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 // 宣告直連網段
R1(config-router)# network 10.29.10.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R1(config-router)# network 10.29.20.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
R1(config-router)#exit
4:區域2基於幀中繼配置Ospf
R5參照R6配置
R6#configure terminal
R6(config)#router ospf 1
R6(config-router)#router-id 6.6.6.6
R6(config-router)# network 10.29.40.0 0.0.0.255 area 2
R6(config-router)#exit
R6(config)interface Serial4/1
R6(config-if)# ip ospf priority 0 //設置端口優先級為0,不參於選舉。
R6(config-if)# exit
R3#conf terminal
R3(config)#router ospf 1
R3(config-router)# router-id 3.3.3.3
R3(config-router)#network 10.29.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 //宣告直連網段
R3(config-router)#network 10.29.10.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R3(config-router)#network 10.29.40.0 0.0.0.255 area 2
R3(config-router)#neighbor 10.29.40.2 //手動配置R5,R6為鄰居
R3(config-router)# neighbor 10.29.40.1
R3(config-router)# area 0 range 10.29.0.0 255.255.0.0 //配置路由匯總
R3(config-router)#exit
查看鄰居狀態
R3#show ip ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
1.1.1.1 1 FULL/DROTHER 00:00:39 10.29.10.1 FastEthernet0/0
2.2.2.2 1 FULL/BDR 00:00:32 10.29.10.2 FastEthernet0/0
5.5.5.5 0 FULL/DROTHER 00:01:44 10.29.40.2 Serial4/2
6.6.6.6 0 FULL/DROTHER 00:01:46 10.29.40.1 Serial4/2
5:配置rip 並重發布到ospf中
R7#configure terminal
R7(config)router ospf 1
R7(config-router)#router-id 7.7.7.7
R7(config-router)#area 1 nssa
R7(config-router)# network 10.29.20.0 0.0.0.255 area 1 //宣告直連網段
R7(config-router)# network 10.29.30.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
R7(config-router)#redistribute rip metric 25 subnets //將RIP重發布到ospf中
R7(config-router)#exit
R7(config)#router rip
R7(config-router)#version 2
R7(config-router)# network 10.0.0.0
R7(config-router)#no auto-summary
R7(config-router)#redistribute ospf 1 metric 4 //將ospf重發布到Rip中
測試連通性:R8 ping R6 R5
R5 ping R1
至此,ospf配置成功,接下來在此配置下配置ospfv3
OSPFV3配置
(1)ipv6地址規劃
R1
|
F0/0 |
2001:db8:29:3::1/64 |
F0/1 |
2001:db8:29:4::1/64 |
|
R2 |
F0/0 |
2001:db8:29:3::2/64 |
F1/0 |
2001:db8:29:5::1/64 |
|
R3 |
S4/2 |
2001:db8:29:1::3/64 |
F0/0 |
2001:db8:29:3::3/64 |
|
R5 |
S4/0 |
2001:db8:29:1::1/64 |
R6 |
S4/1 |
2001:db8:29:1::2/64 |
R7 |
F1/0 |
2001:db8:29:5::2/64 |
F0/1 |
2001:db8:29:4::2/64 |
|
F0/0 |
2001:db8:29:2::2/64 |
|
R8 |
F0/0 |
2001:db8:29:2::1/64 |
R1 |
Looback0 |
2001:cf:29:9::1/64 |
R1 |
Looback0 |
2001:cf:29:1::1/64 |
R2 |
Looback0 |
2001:cf:29:2::1/64 |
R3 |
Looback0 |
2001:cf:29:3::1/64 |
R4 |
Looback0 |
2001:cf:29:4::1/64 |
R5 |
Looback0 |
2001:cf:29:5::1/64 |
R6 |
Looback0 |
2001:cf:296::1/64 |
R7 |
Looback0 |
2001:cf:29:7::1/64 |
R8 |
Looback0 |
2001:cf:29:8::1/64 |
(2)配置步驟
1:配置路由器各端口地址以及個路由器的環回接口地址
2:區域二采用幀中繼連接,R4作為幀中繼交換機,配置與之前相同
3:幀中繼路由R3,R5,R6靜態配置dlci
R3#configure terminal
R3(config)#ipv6 unicast-routing
R3(config)#interface Serial4/2
R3(config-if)# frame-relay map ipv6 2001:DB8:29:1::1 402 broadcast
R3(config-if)# frame-relay map ipv6 2001:DB8:29:1::2 401 broadcast
R3(config-if)#frame-relay map ipv6 FE80::CE01:1EFF:FE28:0 401 broadcast //此映射是為ospfv3鋪墊
R3(config-if)# frame-relay map ipv6 FE80::CE02:EFF:FE60:0 402 broadcast
R3(config-if)#exit
R5#configure terminal
R5(config)#ipv6 unicast-routing
R5(config)interface Serial4/0
R5(config-if)#frame-relay map ipv6 2001:DB8:29:1::3 202 broadcast
R5(config-if)#frame-relay map ipv6 2001:DB8:29:1::2 201 broadcast
R5(config-if)# frame-relay map ipv6 FE80::CE01:1EFF:FE28:0 201 broadcast
R5(config-if)# frame-relay map ipv6 FE80::CE04:19FF:FE18:0 202 broadcast
R5(config-if)#exit
R6#configure terminal
R6(config)#ipv6 unicast-routing
R6(config)interface Serial4/1
R6(config-if)# frame-relay map ipv6 2001:DB8:29:1::3 102 broadcast
R6(config-if)# frame-relay map ipv6 2001:DB8:29:1::1 101 broadcast
R6(config-if)#frame-relay map ipv6 FE80::CE04:19FF:FE18:0 102 broadcast
R6(config-if)#frame-relay map ipv6 FE80::CE02:EFF:FE60:0 101 broadcast
R6(config-if)#exit
測試連通性:
R6 ping R3
R6#ping 2001:db8:29:1::3
R6 ping R3 鏈路本地地址
4:幀中繼環境下配置ospf
R3#configure terminal
R3(config)#ipv6 router ospf 1
R3(config-rtr)#router-id 3.3.3.3 //配置路由id
R3(config-rtr)# area 0 range 2001:DB8::/32 //配置路由匯總
R3(config-rtr)# exit
R3(config)#interface Serial4/2
R3(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 1 area 2
R3(config-if)# ipv6 enable
R3(config-if)# ipv6 ospf neighbor FE80::CE02:EFF:FE60:0 priority 1 //手動配置鄰居,優先級為零,此地址為R5 R6 的鏈路本地地址
R3(config-if)# ipv6 ospf neighbor FE80::CE01:1EFF:FE28:0 priority 1
R3(config-if)#exit
R3(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0
R3(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 1 area 0
R6配置參考下面R5配置
R5#configure terminal
R5(config)#ipv6 router ospf 1
R5(config-rtr)#router-id 5.5.5.5 //配置路由id
R5(config-rtr)# exit
R5(config)#interface Serial4/2
R5(config-if)# ipv6 ospf 1 area 2
R5(config-if)# ipv6 enable
R5(config-if)#exit
5:配置其他區域的OSPFV3
R2參考R1配置
R1#configure terminal
R1(config)#ipv6 unicast-routing
R1(config)#ipv6 router ospf 1
R1(config-rtr)#router-id 1.1.1.1
R1(config-rtr)#area 1 nssa 定義區域1為nssa區域
R1(config-rtr)#exit
R1(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0
R1(config-if)#ipv6 enable
R1(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 1 area 0
R1(config-if)#exit
R1(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1
R1(config-if)#ipv6 enable
R1(config-if)# ipv6 ospf 1 area 1
R1(config-if)#exit
6配置路由重發布
R7#configure terminal
R7(config)#ipv6 unicast-routing
R7(config)#ipv6 router rip ys
R7(config-rtr)#redistribute ospf 1 metric 4 //將ospfv3重發布到RIP中,定義最大條數為4
R7(config-rtr)# redistribute connected
R7(config-rtr)#exit
R7(config)#ipv6 router ospf 1
R7(config-rtr)# router-id 7.7.7.7
R7(config-rtr)#area 1 nssa
R7(config-rtr)# redistribute rip ys //將rip重發布到ospfv3中
R7(config-rtr)# redistribute connected //由於重分布 RIPng,不能把連接 R8 的接口網段重分布進入OSPFv3,因此重分布直連,把連接 R8 的網段重分布到 OSPFv3
R7(config-rtr)# exit
測試連通性
R8 ping R3
查看路由匯總後R6的路由
R6#show ipv6 route ospf
IPv6 Routing Table - 13 entries
Codes: C - Connected, L - Local, S - Static, R - RIP, B - BGP
U - Per-user Static route, M - MIPv6
I1 - ISIS L1, I2 - ISIS L2, IA - ISIS interarea, IS - ISIS summary
O - OSPF intra, OI - OSPF inter, OE1 - OSPF ext 1, OE2 - OSPF ext 2
ON1 - OSPF NSSA ext 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA ext 2
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external
OI 2001:CF:29:1::1/128 [110/65]
via FE80::CE04:19FF:FE18:0, Serial4/1
OI 2001:CF:29:2::1/128 [110/65]
via FE80::CE04:19FF:FE18:0, Serial4/1
OI 2001:CF:29:7::1/128 [110/66]
via FE80::CE04:19FF:FE18:0, Serial4/1
OE2 2001:CF:29:9::/64 [110/20]
via FE80::CE04:19FF:FE18:0, Serial4/1
OI 2001:DB8::/32 [110/65] //區域0經過匯總後的路由表
via FE80::CE04:19FF:FE18:0, Serial4/1
OE2 2001:DB8:29:2::/64 [110/20]
via FE80::CE04:19FF:FE18:0, Serial4/1
OI 2001:DB8:29:4::/64 [110/66]
via FE80::CE04:19FF:FE18:0, Serial4/1
OI 2001:DB8:29:5::/64 [110/66]
via FE80::CE04:19FF:FE18:0, Serial4/1
查看R5的鄰居:
R5#show ipv6 ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Interface ID Interface
6.6.6.6 1 FULL/BDR 00:01:40 10 Serial4/0
3.3.3.3 1 FULL/DR 00:01:57 11 Serial4/0
實驗總結:此次實驗的目的是了解兩個版本的ospf與其所相關的知識點,通過本次實驗,我了解到了ospf與ospfv3原理上的差別,ospfv3比ospf配置更加便捷,其通過路由器的鏈路本地地址建立鄰居,所以配置中開啟了幀中繼的部分要設置關於鏈路本地地址的靜態dicl映射,還要是該部分的區域間路由作為DR,否則鄰居即使建立成功也無法多路發送”hello”包。本次實驗我獲益匪淺,遇到的問題就是幀中繼部分的ospf建立,通過查閱資料解決了問題。對這兩個協議的理解更加深刻了。
OSPFV3綜合實驗 (第三組)