django資料庫分庫migrate
阿新 • • 發佈:2020-03-14
最近在研究微服務和分散式,設計到了資料庫分庫,記錄一下
首先,建立多個數據庫,如果是已經生成的資料庫,可以分庫,這裡我是新建立的專案,剛好可以用來嘗試
我是用docker建立的mysql資料庫容器
拉取docker映象:
`docker pull mysql:5.7`
建立容器:
`docker run --name=mysql5.7 -p 13306:3306 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql:5.7`
建立多個mysql容器之後,django配置好相應資料庫,我這裡分成了三個資料庫,一個是預設,放django的user,group,permission,session之類的,另外一個是order和sale兩個app的,這裡我打算下一步微服務的時候再拆開,這裡先記錄分庫的事情,資料庫程式碼如下:
```
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
'HOST': '192.168.1.112',
'PORT': '13308',
'NAME': 'default',
'USER': 'root',
'PASSWORD': '0123456789',
'TEST': {
'MIRROR': 'default'
}
},
'sale': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
'HOST': '192.168.1.112',
'PORT': '13306',
'NAME': 'sale',
'USER': 'root',
'PASSWORD': '0123456789',
'TEST': {
'MIRROR': 'default'
}
},
'order': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
'HOST': '192.168.1.112',
'PORT': '13307',
'NAME': 'order',
'USER': 'root',
'PASSWORD': '0123456789',
'TEST': {
'MIRROR': 'default'
}
}
}
```
分庫之後,在settings.py同級目錄下,建立一個databaserouter
```
DATABASE_MAPPING = {
# example:
# 'app_name':'database_name',
'sale': 'sale',
'order': 'order',
'admin': 'default',
'auth': 'default',
'contenttypes': 'default',
'sessions': 'default',
}
class DBAppsRouter(object):
def db_for_read(self, model, **hints):
""""Point all read operations to the specific database."""
if model._meta.app_label in DATABASE_MAPPING:
return DATABASE_MAPPING[model._meta.app_label]
return None
def db_for_write(self, model, **hints):
"""Point all write operations to the specific database."""
if model._meta.app_label in DATABASE_MAPPING:
return DATABASE_MAPPING[model._meta.app_label]
return None
def allow_relation(self, obj1, obj2, **hints):
"""Allow any relation between apps that use the same database."""
db_obj1 = DATABASE_MAPPING.get(obj1._meta.app_label)
db_obj2 = DATABASE_MAPPING.get(obj2._meta.app_label)
if db_obj1 and db_obj2:
if db_obj1 == db_obj2:
return True
else:
return False
return None
def allow_syncdb(self, db, model):
"""Make sure that apps only appear in the related database."""
if db in DATABASE_MAPPING.values():
return DATABASE_MAPPING.get(model._meta.app_label) == db
elif model._meta.app_label in DATABASE_MAPPING:
return False
return None
def allow_migrate(self, db, app_label, model=None, **hints):
"""
Make sure the auth app only appears in the 'auth_db'
database.
"""
if db in DATABASE_MAPPING.values():
return DATABASE_MAPPING.get(app_label) == db
elif app_label in DATABASE_MAPPING:
return False
return None
```
這裡一定要把DATABASE_MAPPING裡面的app名字和app名字對應,不然會讀寫不到,具體可以看上述程式碼,然後在模型類後面給每個模型新增一個app_label:
```
class Meta:
app_label = 'order'
```
最後就是migrate資料庫了,先```makemigrations order```,然後```migrate --database order```
後面sale ap