RocetMQ搭建攻略和問題解決之道
阿新 • • 發佈:2021-01-04
最近有在嘗試給專案加入訊息中介軟體服務,首先想到了鼎鼎大名的RocketMQ。RocketMQ是一款高效能的、分散式訊息中介軟體,由阿里開源。它提供了豐富的訊息拉取方式,能夠處理上億級的海量資料,甚至在阿里雙十上經受了超大的請求峰值,其商業可用性值得依賴和使用。
安裝方式比較簡單,就是在Rocket官網去下載對應版本的壓縮包。有兩種選擇,一種是binary版本,也就是編譯好的bin檔案壓縮包。還有一種是source版,就是需要被編譯的原始碼包。
我選擇使用編譯好的bin包,版本為最新的4.8.0。使用如下命令完成下載和解壓。順帶提一句本機安裝的Java版本是10.0.1,劃重點。
```
cd ~/Downloads
weget https://mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn/apache/rocketmq/4.8.0/rocketmq-all-4.8.0-bin-release.zip
unzip rocketmq-all-4.8.0-bin-release.zip
mv rocketmq-all-4.8.0-bin-release rocketmq
```
然後需要啟動NameServer和Broker Server,首先是NameServer,命令如下所示:
```
cd ~/Downloads/rocketmq/bin
./mqnamesrv
```
然後很有可能會遇到如下的報錯:
> -Djava.ext.dirs=/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk-10.0.1.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/ext:/Users/tony/Downloads/rocketmq-all-4.8.0-source-release/distribution/bin/../lib:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk-10.0.1.jdk/Contents/Home/lib/ext is not supported. Use -classpath instead.
Error: Could not create the Java Virtual Machine.
我根據這段報錯一番艱難地百度\bing\Google之後,發現沒有人遇到完全類似的問題,唯一接近的是Could not create the java Virtual Machine的報錯,我嘗試性進行了如下方法。
首先懷疑是因為我的Java版本太高了,導致有一些runserver.sh裡面的引數設定不能相容,因為namesrv會執行runserver.sh裡面的命令。按照騰訊雲上的原話是:
由於RocketMQ的啟動檔案都是按照JDK8配置的,而前面我特意配置的JDK版本是11,有很多命令引數不支援導致的,使用JDK8,正常啟動沒有問題的。
於是編輯bin/runserver.sh檔案,將下面的命令註釋掉:
```
# 註釋掉下面這行
#export CLASSPATH=.:${BASE_DIR}/conf:${CLASSPATH}
# 修改成下面這行
export CLASSPATH=.:${BASE_DIR}/lib/*:${BASE_DIR}/conf:${CLASSPATH}
```
然後還需要將JAVA_OPT的引數註釋一部分,它們的位置是在檔案內容最後,如下所示:
```
# 註釋下面這兩行
#JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -Djava.ext.dirs=${JAVA_HOME}/jre/lib/ext:${BASE_DIR}/lib:${JAVA_HOME}/lib/ext"
#JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -Xdebug -Xrunjdwp:transport=dt_socket,address=9555,server=y,suspend=n"
```
是不是看起來很眼熟?這就是前面我們遇到的報錯那段,據說是Java1.9之後使用-Djava.ext.dirs會有問題,我去RocketMQ的github上的issue討論看了一下,貌似官方團隊也沒有fix這個問題,2333。
儲存好這些修改,然後重新執行mqnamesrv即可,以後臺程式方式執行的命令如下:
```
nohup sh mqnamesrv &
```
檢視執行的日誌的命令和其輸出如下:
```
tail -f ~/logs/rocketmqlogs/namesrv.log
2020-12-31 16:15:30 INFO main - tls.client.authServer = false
2020-12-31 16:15:30 INFO main - tls.client.trustCertPath = null
2020-12-31 16:15:30 INFO main - Using OpenSSL provider
2020-12-31 16:15:30 INFO main - SSLContext created for server
2020-12-31 16:15:30 INFO NettyEventExecutor - NettyEventExecutor service started
2020-12-31 16:15:30 INFO main - Try to start service thread:FileWatchService started:false lastThread:null
2020-12-31 16:15:30 INFO FileWatchService - FileWatchService service started
2020-12-31 16:15:30 INFO main - The Name Server boot success. serializeType=JSON
2020-12-31 16:16:30 INFO NSScheduledThread1 - --------------------------------------------------------
2020-12-31 16:16:30 INFO NSScheduledThread1 - configTable SIZE: 0
```
說明NameServer已經正常啟動了。
第二步執行Broker Server,還是在bin目錄下執行:
./mqbroker
繼續收穫報錯,錯誤日誌輸出如下所示:
```
[0.002s][warning][gc] -Xloggc is deprecated. Will use -Xlog:gc:/Volumes/RAMDisk/rmq_broker_gc_%p_%t.log instead.
Unrecognized VM option 'PrintGCDateStamps'
Error: Could not create the Java Virtual Machine.
Error: A fatal exception has occurred. Program will exit.
```
其本質還是無法建立Java虛擬機器,推測還是出在GC的一些引數在Java10.0上無法相容。檢視mqbroker腳本里面的內容,可以看到最後一行執行了如下命令:
```
sh ${ROCKETMQ_HOME}/bin/runbroker.sh org.apache.rocketmq.broker.BrokerStartup $@
```
說明執行了runbroker.sh指令碼,於是在runbroker.sh檔案中找到如下命令:
```
# 註釋掉下面這行
#export CLASSPATH=.:${BASE_DIR}/conf:${CLASSPATH}
# 修改成下面這行
export CLASSPATH=.:${BASE_DIR}/lib/*:${BASE_DIR}/conf:${CLASSPATH}
```
這段修改和mqnamesrv的類似,還有下面這段也需要調整:
```
JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -server -Xms8g -Xmx8g -Xmn4g"
JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -XX:+UseG1GC -XX:G1HeapRegionSize=16m -XX:G1ReservePercent=25 -XX:InitiatingHeapOccupancyPercent=30 -XX:SoftRefLRUPolicyMSPerMB=0"
JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -verbose:gc -Xloggc:${GC_LOG_DIR}/rmq_broker_gc_%p_%t.log -XX:+PrintGCDetails -XX:+PrintGCDateStamps -XX:+PrintGCApplicationStoppedTime -XX:+PrintAdaptiveSizePolicy"
JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -XX:+UseGCLogFileRotation -XX:NumberOfGCLogFiles=5 -XX:GCLogFileSize=30m"
JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -XX:-OmitStackTraceInFastThrow"
JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -XX:+AlwaysPreTouch"
JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -XX:MaxDirectMemorySize=15g"
JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -XX:-UseLargePages -XX:-UseBiasedLocking"
JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -Djava.ext.dirs=${JAVA_HOME}/jre/lib/ext:${BASE_DIR}/lib:${JAVA_HOME}/lib/ext"
#JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -Xdebug -Xrunjdwp:transport=dt_socket,address=9555,server=y,suspend=n"
```
註釋掉一些無效的命令,改後如下所示:
```
JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -server -Xms8g -Xmx8g -Xmn4g"
#JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -XX:+UseG1GC -XX:G1HeapRegionSize=16m -XX:G1ReservePercent=25 -XX:InitiatingHeapOccupancyPercent=30 -XX:SoftRefLRUPolicyMSPerMB=0"
#JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -verbose:gc -Xloggc:${GC_LOG_DIR}/rmq_broker_gc_%p_%t.log -XX:+PrintGCDetails -XX:+PrintGCDateStamps -XX:+PrintGCApplicationStoppedTime -XX:+PrintAdaptiveSizePolicy"
#JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -XX:+UseGCLogFileRotation -XX:NumberOfGCLogFiles=5 -XX:GCLogFileSize=30m"
JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -XX:-OmitStackTraceInFastThrow"
JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -XX:+AlwaysPreTouch"
#JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -XX:MaxDirectMemorySize=15g"
JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -XX:-UseLargePages -XX:-UseBiasedLocking"
JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} #
-Djava.ext.dirs=${JAVA_HOME}/jre/lib/ext:${BASE_DIR}/lib:${JAVA_HOME}/lib/ext"
#JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -Xdebug -Xrunjdwp:transport=dt_socket,address=9555,server=y,suspend=n"
```
儲存上述修改,然後就可以正常啟動Broker Server了,執行下面命令:
```
nohup sh bin/mqbroker -n localhost:9876 &
```
如果想最簡單的方式測試一下服務,那麼可以使用RocketMQ指令碼封裝好的工具,命令如下:
```
export NAMESRV_ADDR=localhost:9876
sh bin/tools.sh org.apache.rocketmq.example.quickstart.Producer
```
可能遇到的報錯如下:
```
sh bin/tools.sh org.apache.rocketmq.example.quickstart.Producer
-Djava.ext.dirs=bin/../lib:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk-10.0.1.jdk/Contents/Home/jre/lib/ext:/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk-10.0.1.jdk/Contents/Home/lib/ext is not supported. Use -classpath instead.
Error: Could not create the Java Virtual Machine.
Error: A fatal exception has occurred. Program will exit.
```
還是在tools.sh做類似的修改,如下所示:
```
# 註釋下面這行
#export CLASSPATH=.:${BASE_DIR}/conf:${CLASSPATH}
# 新增下面這行
export CLASSPATH=.:${BASE_DIR}/lib/*:${BASE_DIR}/conf:${CLASSPATH}
....
JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -server -Xms1g -Xmx1g -Xmn256m -XX:MetaspaceSize=128m -XX:MaxMetaspaceSize=128m"
# 註釋掉下面這行,JDK1.9後不再支援該引數
#JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -Djava.ext.dirs=${BASE_DIR}/lib:${JAVA_HOME}/jre/lib/ext:${JAVA_HOME}/lib/ext"
JAVA_OPT="${JAVA_OPT} -cp ${CLASSPATH}"
```
重新儲存後執行,如果看到如下輸出則說明成功了:
```
st, brokerName=Tony-Mac-Pro.local, queueId=3], queueOffset=247]
SendResult [sendStatus=SEND_OK, msgId=7F000001203D1DE0ACA60ED7764803E0, offsetMsgId=AC101A0000002A9F0000000000031232, messageQueue=MessageQueue [topic=TopicTest, brokerName=Tony-Mac-Pro.local, queueId=0], queueOffset=248]
SendResult [sendStatus=SEND_OK, msgId=7F000001203D1DE0ACA60ED7764A03E1, offsetMsgId=AC101A0000002A9F00000000000312FD, messageQueue=MessageQueue [topic=TopicTest, brokerName=Tony-Mac-Pro.local, queueId=1], queueOffset=248]
SendResult [sendStatus=SEND_OK, msgId=7F000001203D1DE0ACA60ED7764C03E2, offsetMsgId=AC101A0000002A9F00000000000313C8, messageQueue=MessageQueue [topic=TopicTest, brokerName=Tony-Mac-Pro.local, queueId=2], queueOffset=248]
SendResult [sendStatus=SEND_OK, msgId=7F000001203D1DE0ACA60ED7764E03E3, offsetMsgId=AC101A0000002A9F0000000000031493, messageQueue=MessageQueue [topic=TopicTest, brokerName=Tony-Mac-Pro.local, queueId=3], queueOffset=248]
SendResult [sendStatus=SEND_OK, msgId=7F000001203D1DE0ACA60ED7764F03E4, offsetMsgId=AC101A0000002A9F000000000003155E, messageQueue=MessageQueue [topic=TopicTest, brokerName=Tony-Mac-Pro.local, queueId=0], queueOffset=249]
SendResult [sendStatus=SEND_OK, msgId=7F000001203D1DE0ACA60ED7764F03E5, offsetMsgId=AC101A0000002A9F0000000000031629, messageQueue=MessageQueue [topic=TopicTest, brokerName=Tony-Mac-Pro.local, queueId=1], queueOffset=249]
SendResult [sendStatus=SEND_OK, msgId=7F000001203D1DE0ACA60ED7765003E6, offsetMsgId=AC101A0000002A9F00000000000316F4, messageQueue=MessageQueue [topic=TopicTest, brokerName=Tony-Mac-Pro.local, queueId=2], queueOffset=249]
SendResult [sendStatus=SEND_OK, msgId=7F000001203D1DE0ACA60ED7765103E7, offsetMsgId=AC101A0000002A9F00000000000317BF, messageQueue=MessageQueue [topic=TopicTest, brokerName=Tony-Mac-Pro.local, queueId=3], queueOffset=249]
21:10:01.562 [NettyClientSelector_1] INFO RocketmqRemoting - closeChannel: close the connection to remote address[172.16.26.0:10911] result: true
21:10:01.564 [NettyClientSelector_1] INFO RocketmqRemoting - closeChannel: close the connection to remote address[127.0.0.1:9876] result: true
```
最終,我們和RocketMQ和解,完成了這次測試!
鳴謝下面的幫助,可以參考的資料如:
[騰訊雲上的教程](https://cloud.tencent.com/developer/article/1639530)
[官方quick start](http://rocketmq.apache.org/docs/quick