1. 程式人生 > 實用技巧 >dp好題

dp好題

1. CF813D

題意:

給一個長度為\(n\)的序列,求兩個不相交的子集長度之和最大是多少,能放入同一子集的條件是首先順序不能變,然後每一個相鄰的要麼相差\(1\)或者相差\(7\)的倍數。 \(n < 5000\)

題解:

\(f[i][j]\) 表示第一序列到了第 \(i\) 位,第二個序列到了第 \(j\) 位,符合條件的長度之和最大.

那麼顯然可以退出 \(O(n^3)\) 方程:

i : 1 ~ n
j : i + 1 ~ n
k : 分兩段。
第一段:1 ~ i,此時判一下a[k]有沒有被j選中,如果沒有在考慮轉移i
第二段:j ~ n,此時就分別轉移i,j就行了

那麼這肯定是過不了的,所以還需要優化。

就是開一個桶記錄相差 \(1\)\(max\)

再開一個桶記錄 \(\%7\) 同餘

程式碼:

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <algorithm>
#include <cstring>
#include <vector>
#include <cmath>
#define N 5200
#define M 100010
#define ls x << 1
#define rs x << 1 | 1
#define inf 10000000000
#define inc(i) (++ (i))
#define dec(i) (-- (i))
// #define mid ((l + r) >> 1)
#define int long long
#define XRZ 212370440130137957
#define debug() puts("XRZ TXDY");
#define mem(i, x) memset(i, x, sizeof(i));
#define Next(i, u) for(register int i = head[u]; i ; i = e[i].nxt)
#define file(x) freopen(#x".in", "r", stdin), freopen(#x".out", "w", stdout);
#define Rep(i, a, b) for(register int i = (a) , i##Limit = (b) ; i <= i##Limit ; inc(i))
#define Dep(i, a, b) for(register int i = (a) , i##Limit = (b) ; i >= i##Limit ; dec(i))
int dx[10] = {1, -1, 0, 0};
int dy[10] = {0, 0, 1, -1};
using namespace std;
// const int base = 30;
// const int prime = 19260817;
inline int read() {
    register int x = 0, f = 1; register char c = getchar();
    while(c < '0' || c > '9') {if(c == '-') f = -1; c = getchar();}
    while(c >= '0' && c <= '9') x = x * 10 + c - 48, c = getchar();
    return x * f;
}
int pre[M], num[10], n, ans, a[N], f[N][N];
void clean() { mem(num, 0) mem(pre, 0)}
signed main() { n = read();
    Rep(i, 1, n) a[i] = read();
    Rep(i, 0, n) { clean();
        Rep(j, 1, i - 1) pre[a[j]] = max(pre[a[j]], f[i][j]), num[a[j] % 7] = max(num[a[j] % 7], f[i][j]);
        Rep(j, i + 1, n) { f[i][j] = f[i][0] + 1;
            f[i][j] = max(f[i][j], max(pre[a[j] + 1] + 1, max(pre[a[j] - 1] + 1, num[a[j] % 7] + 1))); f[j][i] = f[i][j];
            pre[a[j]] = max(pre[a[j]], f[i][j]), num[a[j] % 7] = max(num[a[j] % 7], f[i][j]); ans = max(ans, f[i][j]);
        }
    }
    printf("%lld", ans);
	return 0;//int zmy = 666666, zzz = 233333;
}

2.CF796E

題意:

\(n\) 道題目,有兩個人分別會做某些題目,有 \(p\) 次偷看機會,每次可以偷看某個人最多連續 \(k\) 道題目,求最多偷看幾道題目。

題解:

這題細節比較多,思路比較板。

具體 令\(dp[i][j][L][R]\) 表示當前為第 \(i\) 題,已經偷看了 \(j\) 次,還能向左邊的大神看 \(L\) 道題,向右邊的大神看 \(R\) 道題。

然後就隨便轉移(霧

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <algorithm>
#include <cstring>
#include <vector>
#include <cmath>
#define N 1010
#define M 55
#define ls x << 1
#define rs x << 1 | 1
#define inf 10000000000
#define inc(i) (++ (i))
#define dec(i) (-- (i))
// #define mid ((l + r) >> 1)
//#define int long long
#define XRZ 212370440130137957
#define debug() puts("XRZ TXDY");
#define mem(i, x) memset(i, x, sizeof(i));
#define Next(i, u) for(register int i = head[u]; i ; i = e[i].nxt)
#define file(x) freopen(#x".in", "r", stdin), freopen(#x".out", "w", stdout);
#define Rep(i, a, b) for(register int i = (a) , i##Limit = (b) ; i <= i##Limit ; inc(i))
#define Dep(i, a, b) for(register int i = (a) , i##Limit = (b) ; i >= i##Limit ; dec(i))
int dx[10] = {1, -1, 0, 0};
int dy[10] = {0, 0, 1, -1};
using namespace std;
// const int base = 30;
// const int prime = 19260817;
inline int read() {
    register int x = 0, f = 1; register char c = getchar();
    while(c < '0' || c > '9') {if(c == '-') f = -1; c = getchar();}
    while(c >= '0' && c <= '9') x = x * 10 + c - 48, c = getchar();
    return x * f;
}
int n, m, k, ans, a[N], b[N], f[2][N][M][M];
void clean() {memset(f, -0x3f3f3f, sizeof(f));}
int main() { n = read(), m = read(), k = read();
	int pp = read(); Rep(i, 1, pp) a[read()] = 1; //debug()
	pp = read(); Rep(i, 1, pp) b[read()] = 1; memset(f, -0x3f3f3f, sizeof(f)); f[0][0][0][0] = 0;//debug()
	if(m * k >= n * 2) { Rep(i, 1, n) ans += (a[i] | b[i]); printf("%d", ans); return 0;}
	Rep(i, 1, n) { memset(f[i % 2], -0x3f3f3f, sizeof(f[i % 2])); //debug()
		Rep(j, 0, m) Rep(L, 0, k) Rep(R, 0, k) { int now = f[(i + 1) % 2][j][L][R];
			f[i % 2][j][max(L - 1, 0)][max(R - 1, 0)] = max(f[i % 2][j][max(L - 1, 0)][max(R - 1, 0)], now);
			if(L) f[i % 2][j][L - 1][max(R - 1, 0)] = max(f[i % 2][j][L - 1][max(R - 1, 0)], now + a[i]);
			if(R) f[i % 2][j][max(L - 1, 0)][R - 1] = max(f[i % 2][j][max(L - 1, 0)][R - 1], now + b[i]);
			if(L) f[i % 2][j + 1][L - 1][k - 1] = max(f[i % 2][j + 1][L - 1][k - 1], now + (a[i] | b[i]));
			if(R) f[i % 2][j + 1][k - 1][R - 1] = max(f[i % 2][j + 1][k - 1][R - 1], now + (a[i] | b[i]));
			if(L && R) f[i % 2][j][L - 1][R - 1] = max(f[i % 2][j][L - 1][R - 1], now + (a[i] | b[i]));
			f[i % 2][j + 1][k - 1][max(R - 1, 0)] = max(f[i % 2][j + 1][k - 1][max(R - 1, 0)], now + a[i]);
			f[i % 2][j + 1][max(L - 1, 0)][k - 1] = max(f[i % 2][j + 1][max(L - 1, 0)][k - 1], now + b[i]);
			f[i % 2][j + 2][k - 1][k - 1] = max(f[i % 2][j + 2][L - 1][R - 1], now + (a[i] | b[i]));
		}
	}
    Rep(j, 0, m) Rep(L, 0, k) Rep(R, 0, k) ans = max(ans, f[n % 2][j][L][R]);
    printf("%d", ans);
	return 0;//int zmy = 666666, zzz = 233333;
}