一、安裝所需要的第三方庫

jieba （jieba是優秀的中文分詞第三分庫）
pyecharts （一個優秀的資料視覺化庫）

《三國演義》.txt下載地址（提取碼：kist ）

使用pycharm安裝庫

• 開啟Pycharm選擇【File】下的Settings
  
• 出現下面頁面,
  
• 選擇右邊的【+】出現下面頁面，在此頁面頂端搜尋想要的庫，然後安裝就可以了
  

二、編寫程式碼

import jieba  #匯入庫
import os
print("人物出現次數前十名：")
txt = open('三國演義.txt', 'r' ,encoding='gb18030').read()
words = jieba.lcut(txt)
counts = {}
for word in words:
    if len(word) == 1:
        continue
    elif word == "諸葛亮" or word == "孔明曰":
        rword = "孔明"
    elif word == "關公" or word == "雲長":
        rword = "關羽"
    elif word == "玄德" or word == "玄德曰":
        rword = "劉備"
    elif word == "孟德" or word == "丞相":
        rword = "曹操"  # 把相同意思的名字歸為一個人
    else:
        rword = word
    counts[rword] = counts.get(rword, 0) + 1
items = list(counts.items())
items.sort(key=lambda x: x[1], reverse=True)
for i in range(10):
   word, count=items[i]
   print("{}:{}".format(word, count))  # 列印前十名名單
 

• 結果如下圖：
  
• 可以看到這裡面有很多不是人物的名字，所以咱們要把這些刪掉。更改程式碼如下

import jieba  #匯入庫
import os
print("人物出現次數前十名：")
txt = open('三國演義.txt', 'r' ,encoding='gb18030').read()
remove = {"將軍", "卻說", "不能", "後主", "上馬", "不知", "天子", "大叫", "眾將", "不可",
            "主公", "蜀兵", "只見", "如何", "商議", "都督", "一人", "漢中", "人馬",
            "陛下", "魏兵", "天下", "今日", "左右", "東吳", "於是", "荊州", "不能", "如此",
            "大喜", "引兵", "次日", "軍士", "軍馬","二人","不敢"}  # 這些文字是要排出掉的，多次執行程式所得到的
words = jieba.lcut(txt)
counts = {}
for word in words:
    if len(word) == 1:
        continue
    elif word == "諸葛亮" or word == "孔明曰":
        rword = "孔明"
    elif word == "關公" or word == "雲長":
        rword = "關羽"
    elif word == "玄德" or word == "玄德曰":
        rword = "劉備"
    elif word == "孟德" or word == "丞相":
        rword = "曹操"  # 把相同意思的名字歸為一個人
    else:
        rword = word
    counts[rword] = counts.get(rword, 0) + 1
for word in remove:
    del counts[word]  #匹配文字相等就刪除

items = list(counts.items())
items.sort(key=lambda x: x[1], reverse=True)
for i in range(10):
   word, count=items[i]
   print("{}:{}".format(word, count))  # 列印前十名名單
 

• 執行結果如下圖
  

可以看到現在都是人物名稱了

• 匯出資料，程式碼如下

import jieba  #匯入庫
import os
print("人物出現次數前十名：")
txt = open('三國演義.txt', 'r' ,encoding='gb18030').read()
remove = {"將軍", "卻說", "不能", "後主", "上馬", "不知", "天子", "大叫", "眾將", "不可",
            "主公", "蜀兵", "只見", "如何", "商議", "都督", "一人", "漢中", "人馬",
            "陛下", "魏兵", "天下", "今日", "左右", "東吳", "於是", "荊州", "不能", "如此",
            "大喜", "引兵", "次日", "軍士", "軍馬","二人","不敢"}  # 這些文字是要排出掉的，多次執行程式所得到的
words = jieba.lcut(txt)
counts = {}
for word in words:
    if len(word) == 1:
        continue
    elif word == "諸葛亮" or word == "孔明曰":
        rword = "孔明"
    elif word == "關公" or word == "雲長":
        rword = "關羽"
    elif word == "玄德" or word == "玄德曰":
        rword = "劉備"
    elif word == "孟德" or word == "丞相":
        rword = "曹操"  # 把相同意思的名字歸為一個人
    else:
        rword = word
    counts[rword] = counts.get(rword, 0) + 1
for word in remove:
    del counts[word]  #匹配文字相等就刪除

items = list(counts.items())
items.sort(key=lambda x: x[1], reverse=True)

#匯出資料

fo = open("三國人物出場次數.txt", "a", encoding='utf-8') 
for i in range(10):
   word, count=items[i]
   word = str(word)
   count = str(count)
   fo.write(word)
   fo.write(':') #使用冒號分開
   fo.write(count)
   fo.write('\n') #換行 
fo.close() #關閉檔案
 

• 現在咱們執行看是否匯出，執行結果如下圖。
  

可以看到已經生成一個名為三國人物出場次數.txt的檔案，而檔案裡的內容就是咱們剛才的資料。

三、資料視覺化

• 想要視覺化首先咱們要有資料，咱們把剛才匯出的資料轉換為字典形式。程式碼如下

#將txt文本里的資料轉換為字典形式
fr = open('三國人物出場次數.txt', 'r', encoding='utf-8')
dic = {}
keys = [] # 用來儲存讀取的順序
for line in fr:
  v = line.strip().split(':')
  dic[v[0]] = v[1]
  keys.append(v[0])
fr.close()
print(dic)

-執行結果如下

• 使用pyecharts繪圖
• 先倒入模組

from pyecharts import options as opts
from pyecharts.charts import Bar

• 程式碼如下

#　繪圖
list1=list(dic.keys())
list2=list(dic.values())  #提取字典裡的資料作為繪圖資料
c = (
    Bar()
    .add_xaxis(list1)
    .add_yaxis("人物出場次數",list2)
    .set_global_opts(
        xaxis_opts=opts.AxisOpts(axislabel_opts=opts.LabelOpts(rotate=-15)),
    )
    .render("人物出場次數視覺化圖.html")
)

• 執行程式看到目錄下會生成一個名為人物出場次數視覺化圖.html的檔案，如下圖
  
• 使用瀏覽器開啟，就可以看到資料以圖形的方式呈現出來。
  

三、全部程式碼呈現

#《三國演義》的人物出場次數Python程式碼：


import jieba  #匯入庫
import os
from pyecharts import options as opts
from pyecharts.charts import Bar

print("人物出現次數前十名：")
txt = open('三國演義.txt', 'r' ,encoding='gb18030').read()
remove = {"將軍", "卻說", "不能", "後主", "上馬", "不知", "天子", "大叫", "眾將", "不可",
            "主公", "蜀兵", "只見", "如何", "商議", "都督", "一人", "漢中", "人馬",
            "陛下", "魏兵", "天下", "今日", "左右", "東吳", "於是", "荊州", "不能", "如此",
            "大喜", "引兵", "次日", "軍士", "軍馬","二人","不敢"}  # 這些文字是要排出掉的，多次執行程式所得到的
words = jieba.lcut(txt)
counts = {}
for word in words:
    if len(word) == 1:
        continue
    elif word == "諸葛亮" or word == "孔明曰":
        rword = "孔明"
    elif word == "關公" or word == "雲長":
        rword = "關羽"
    elif word == "玄德" or word == "玄德曰":
        rword = "劉備"
    elif word == "孟德" or word == "丞相":
        rword = "曹操"  # 把相同意思的名字歸為一個人
    else:
        rword = word
    counts[rword] = counts.get(rword, 0) + 1
for word in remove:
    del counts[word]  #匹配文字相等就刪除

items = list(counts.items())
items.sort(key=lambda x: x[1], reverse=True)

#匯出資料

fo = open("三國人物出場次數.txt", "a", encoding='utf-8')
for i in range(10):
   word, count=items[i]
   word = str(word)
   count = str(count)
   fo.write(word)
   fo.write(':') #使用冒號分開
   fo.write(count)
   fo.write('\n') #換行
fo.close() #關閉檔案

#將txt文本里的資料轉換為字典形式
fr = open('三國人物出場次數.txt', 'r',encoding='utf-8' )
dic = {}
keys = [] # 用來儲存讀取的順序
for line in fr:
  v = line.strip().split(':')
  dic[v[0]] = v[1]
  keys.append(v[0])
fr.close()
print(dic)


#　繪圖
list1=list(dic.keys())
list2=list(dic.values())  #提取字典裡的資料作為繪圖資料
c = (
    Bar()
    .add_xaxis(list1)
    .add_yaxis("人物出場次數",list2)
    .set_global_opts(
        xaxis_opts=opts.AxisOpts(axislabel_opts=opts.LabelOpts(rotate=-15)),
    )
    .render("人物出場次數視覺化圖.html")
)