淺析Android錄屏 MediaRecorder
阿新 • • 發佈：2020-03-24
MediaRecorder類介紹：
MediaRecorder類是Android sdk提供的一個專門用於音視訊錄製，一般利用手機麥克風採集音訊，攝像頭採集圖片資訊。
Android錄屏的三種方案
1、adb shell命令screenrecord
2、MediaRecorder,MediaProjection
3、MediaCodec和MediaMuxer,MediaProjection,
一、screenrecord命令
screenrecord是一個shell命令，支援Android4.4(API level 19)以上，
錄製的視訊格式為mp4,存放到手機sd卡里，預設錄製時間為180s
adb shell screenrecord --size 1280x720 --bit-rate 6000000 --time-limit 30 /sdcard/demo.mp4
--size 指定視訊解析度，根據手機情況決定
--bit-rate 指定視訊位元率，預設為4M，該值越小，儲存的視訊檔案越小；
--time-limit 指定錄製時長，若設定大於180，命令不會被執行；
並不是所以手機都執行screenrecord命令，部分手機不識別。
我在幾款華為手機就沒執行成功報錯：
/system/bin/sh: screenrecord: inaccessible or not found
二、 MediaRecorder
MediaProjection是Android5.0後才開放的螢幕採集介面，通過系統級服務MediaProjectionManager進行管理。
這裡先整體說一下螢幕錄製的流程，不然看起來費勁。
1、通過startActivityForResult(Intent intent)判斷是否錄屏授權的Activity
其中intent物件就需要MediaProjectionManager.createScreenCaptureIntent();獲取
2、在onActivityResult回撥方法中做具體錄屏工作
比如：建立MediaRecorder，設定MP4檔案路徑
建立VirtualDisplay，設定螢幕相關引數
3、開始錄屏
MediaRecorder.start()
4、停止錄屏
MediaRecorder.reset();
MediaRecorder.release();
錄屏過程用到錄音許可權和資料讀寫許可權。
三、MediaCodec和MediaMuxer
MediaCodec提供對音視訊壓縮編碼和解碼功能，MediaMuxer可以將音視訊混合生成多媒體檔案，生成MP4檔案。
這個錄屏的方式和MediaRecorder是類似的，只是流程第二部有點不同，這裡不做介紹。
詳情可以參考：https://www.jb51.net/article/183324.htm
四、MediaRecorder專案示例的主要程式碼
這裡只做了錄製和停止錄製，沒有做相關適配，比如橫豎屏切換後尺寸變化。
簡單效果：
生成的MP4檔案會在sdcard目錄下，並且以錄屏時間為檔名。
1、MainActivity
package com.liwenzhi.screen;
import android.Manifest;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.media.projection.MediaProjection;
import android.media.projection.MediaProjectionManager;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.support.v4.app.ActivityCompat;
import android.support.v4.content.ContextCompat;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;
import java.io.File;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {
String TAG = "MainActivity";
MediaProjectionManager mProjectionManager;
MediaRecordService mediaRecord;
int displayWidth = 1280;
int displayHeight = 1920;
Button btn_start_record;
Button btn_stop_record;
TextView tv_time;
int REQUEST_CODE_PERMISSIONS = 99;
int REQUEST_CODE_SCREEN = 100;
//錄音許可權和資料讀寫許可權
String[] permissions = new String[]{Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO,Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE};
boolean mPassPermissions = true;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
initView();
initData();
initEvent();
}
private void initView() {
btn_start_record = findViewById(R.id.btn_start_record);
btn_stop_record = findViewById(R.id.btn_stop_record);
tv_time = findViewById(R.id.tv_time);
}
private void initData() {
//許可權申請
//逐個判斷你要的許可權是否已經通過
judgePermissions();
if (!mPassPermissions) {
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this,permissions,REQUEST_CODE_PERMISSIONS);
}
}
private void initEvent() {
btn_start_record.setOnClickListener(this);
btn_stop_record.setOnClickListener(this);
}
// 申請許可權後的回撥
// 1、錄音和讀寫
// 2、錄屏startActivityForResult後的回撥
@Override
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode,int resultCode,Intent data) {
super.onActivityResult(requestCode,resultCode,data);
//錄音和讀寫許可權
if (requestCode == REQUEST_CODE_PERMISSIONS) {
if (resultCode != Activity.RESULT_OK) {
mPassPermissions = false;
}
} else
// 錄屏許可權
if (requestCode == REQUEST_CODE_SCREEN) {
if (resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK) {
try {
// mediaProjection 如果不在許可權申請中回撥，獲取到的物件為空
MediaProjection mediaProjection = mProjectionManager.getMediaProjection(resultCode,data);
if (mediaProjection == null) {
Log.e(TAG,"media projection is null");
return;
}
File file = new File("/sdcard/" + MyTimeUtils.getTimeString("yyyy-MM-dd_HH:mm:ss") + ".mp4"); //錄屏生成檔案
if (!file.exists()) {
file.createNewFile();
}
mediaRecord = new MediaRecordService(displayWidth,displayHeight,6000000,1,mediaProjection,file.getAbsolutePath());
mediaRecord.start();
second = 0;
mHandler.sendEmptyMessageDelayed(10,1000);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
} else {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"錄屏失敗",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
}
}
@Override
public void onBackPressed() {
//super.onBackPressed();
}
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
switch (v.getId()) {
case R.id.btn_start_record:
startRecord();
break;
case R.id.btn_stop_record:
stopRecord();
break;
}
}
// 開始錄屏
private void startRecord() {
judgePermissions();
if (!mPassPermissions) {
Toast.makeText(this,"基礎許可權沒通過！",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
return;
}
mProjectionManager = (MediaProjectionManager) getSystemService(Context.MEDIA_PROJECTION_SERVICE);
if (mProjectionManager != null) {
Intent intent = mProjectionManager.createScreenCaptureIntent();
PackageManager packageManager = getPackageManager();
if (packageManager.resolveActivity(intent,PackageManager.MATCH_DEFAULT_ONLY) != null) {
//存在錄屏授權的Activity
startActivityForResult(intent,REQUEST_CODE_SCREEN);
} else {
Toast.makeText(this,"沒有錄屏許可權！",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
}
}
// 停止錄屏
private void stopRecord() {
mediaRecord.release();
mHandler.removeMessages(10);
}
int second;
// 計算時間
Handler mHandler = new Handler() {
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
super.handleMessage(msg);
switch (msg.what) {
case 10:
second++;
tv_time.setText(second + "");
mHandler.sendEmptyMessageDelayed(10,1000);
break;
}
}
};
//判斷每個許可權是否通過
private void judgePermissions() {
boolean permission = true;
for (int i = 0; i < permissions.length; i++) {
if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this,permissions[i]) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
// 未授予的許可權
permission = false;
}
}
mPassPermissions = permission;
}
}
2、MediaRecordService
package com.liwenzhi.screen;
import android.hardware.display.DisplayManager;
import android.hardware.display.VirtualDisplay;
import android.media.MediaRecorder;
import android.media.projection.MediaProjection;
import android.util.Log;
public class MediaRecordService extends Thread {
private static final String TAG = "MediaRecordService";
private int mWidth;
private int mHeight;
private int mBitRate;
private int mDpi;
private String mDstPath;
private MediaRecorder mMediaRecorder;
private MediaProjection mMediaProjection;
private static final int FRAME_RATE = 60; // 60 fps
private VirtualDisplay mVirtualDisplay;
public MediaRecordService(int width,int height,int bitrate,int dpi,MediaProjection mp,String dstPath) {
mWidth = width;
mHeight = height;
mBitRate = bitrate;
mDpi = dpi;
mMediaProjection = mp;
mDstPath = dstPath;
}
@Override
public void run() {
try {
initMediaRecorder();
//在mediarecorder.prepare()方法後呼叫
mVirtualDisplay = mMediaProjection.createVirtualDisplay(TAG + "-display",mWidth,mHeight,mDpi,DisplayManager.VIRTUAL_DISPLAY_FLAG_PUBLIC,mMediaRecorder.getSurface(),null,null);
Log.i(TAG,"created virtual display: " + mVirtualDisplay);
mMediaRecorder.start();
Log.i(TAG,"mediarecorder start");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 初始化MediaRecorder
*
* @return
*/
public void initMediaRecorder() {
mMediaRecorder = new MediaRecorder();
mMediaRecorder.setVideoSource(MediaRecorder.VideoSource.SURFACE);
mMediaRecorder.setAudioSource(MediaRecorder.AudioSource.MIC);
mMediaRecorder.setOutputFormat(MediaRecorder.OutputFormat.MPEG_4);
mMediaRecorder.setOutputFile(mDstPath);
mMediaRecorder.setVideoSize(mWidth,mHeight);
mMediaRecorder.setVideoFrameRate(FRAME_RATE);
mMediaRecorder.setVideoEncodingBitRate(mBitRate);
mMediaRecorder.setVideoEncoder(MediaRecorder.VideoEncoder.H264);
mMediaRecorder.setAudioEncoder(MediaRecorder.AudioEncoder.AAC);
try {
mMediaRecorder.prepare();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
Log.i(TAG,"media recorder" + mBitRate + "kps");
}
public void release() {
if (mVirtualDisplay != null) {
mVirtualDisplay.release();
mVirtualDisplay = null;
}
if (mMediaRecorder != null) {
mMediaRecorder.setOnErrorListener(null);
mMediaProjection.stop();
mMediaRecorder.reset();
mMediaRecorder.release();
}
if (mMediaProjection != null) {
mMediaProjection.stop();
mMediaProjection = null;
}
Log.i(TAG,"release");
}
}
3、MyTimeUtils
package com.liwenzhi.screen;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
/**
* a Utils for time
* <p>
* identify the following letter: ："yyyy-MM-dd DD HH:mm:ss SSS"
* * method1： long getTimeLong()
* * method2： int getTimeInt(String filter)
* * method3： String getTimeString()
* * method4： String getTimeString(long time)
* * method5： String getTimeString(long time,String filter)
* * method6： String getTimeString( String filter)
*/
public class MyTimeUtils {
public static long getTimeLong() {
return System.currentTimeMillis();
}
public static int getTimeInt(String filter) {
SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat(filter);
String time = format.format(new Date());
return Integer.parseInt(time);
}
public static final String getTimeString() {
SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
return format.format(new Date(getTimeLong()));
}
public static final String getTimeString(long time) {
SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
return format.format(new Date(time));
}
public static final String getTimeString(long time,String filter) {
SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat(filter);
return format.format(new Date(time));
}
public static final String getTimeString(String filter) {
SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat(filter);
return format.format(new Date(getTimeLong()));
}
public static Long getTimeLong(String filter,String date) {
try {
SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat(filter);
Date dateTime = format.parse(date);
return dateTime.getTime();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return 0L;
}
}
測試apk和專案原始碼下載：
http://xiazai.jb51.net/202003/yuanma/RecordMedia_jb51.rar
這個專案只是簡單錄屏，如果要做得好，
最好是正在通知欄/懸浮框裡面控制停止，
並且可以按退出鍵回到主介面，
要用到服務來控制錄屏螢幕的開始和停止。
共勉：時間總會過去，多做一下有意義的事情。
總結
到此這篇關於Android錄屏 MediaRecorder介紹的文章就介紹到這了,更多相關android錄屏 mediaRecorder內容請搜尋我們以前的文章或繼續瀏覽下面的相關文章希望大家以後多多支援我們！