• 1. 安裝anaconda
• 1.1 啟用conda環境
• 1.2 修改映象源
• 1.3 pycharm 使用 anaconda
  • 1.4 pycharm 中執行示例
• 2. 安裝科學計算庫
• 2.1 安裝 pytorch cpu 版本

不問anaconda是什麼，只問anaconda裡有什麼。anaconda 裡有python、numpy等科學計算庫，可以方便安裝 pytorch、tensorflow等深度學習庫，可以建立虛擬環境。

1. 安裝anaconda

作業系統為 Fedora workstation 29 x86_64

下載個人版 https://repo.anaconda.com/archive/Anaconda3-2021.05-Linux-x86_64.sh

如何檢視安裝是否成功？可以使用conda list | grep numpy，如果執行成功且能看到numpy 庫，說明安裝成功。

1.1 啟用conda環境

如果啟用conda環境？安裝指令碼預設往~/.bashrc裡寫入啟用指令碼，

# >>> conda initialize >>>
# !! Contents within this block are managed by 'conda init' !!
__conda_setup="$('/home/software/anaconda3/bin/conda' 'shell.bash' 'hook' 2> /dev/null)"
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
    eval "$__conda_setup"
else
    if [ -f "/home/software/anaconda3/etc/profile.d/conda.sh" ]; then
        . "/home/software/anaconda3/etc/profile.d/conda.sh"
    else
        export PATH="/home/software/anaconda3/bin:$PATH"
    fi
fi
unset __conda_setup
# <<< conda initialize <<<

 

使用source ~/.bashrc即可自動啟用

如果取消自動啟用需要使用conda config --set auto_activate_base false 修改~/.condarc

show_channel_urls: true
channels:
  - https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main/
  - https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free/
  - defaults
auto_activate_base: false

手動啟用執行 conda activate 終端bash介面命令列會顯示

(base) [user@localhost anaconda3]$ conda activate
(base) [user@localhost anaconda3]$ 

這時如果執行 python 則顯示為 anaconda 裡的python 版本

(base) [user@localhost anaconda3]$ python
Python 3.8.8 (default, Apr 13 2021, 19:58:26) 
[GCC 7.3.0] :: Anaconda, Inc. on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> 

使用 conda deactivate手動進行退出。

1.2 修改映象源

conda config --add channels https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free/
conda config --add channels https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main/ 
conda config --set show_channel_urls yes

1.3 pycharm 使用 anaconda

PyCharm 2021.2 (Professional Edition)
Build #PY-212.4746.96, built on July 27, 2021

在專案中設定 anaconda 裡的python環境。

1.4 pycharm 中執行示例

numpy 示例

# This is a sample Python script.

# Press Shift+F10 to execute it or replace it with your code.
# Press Double Shift to search everywhere for classes, files, tool windows, actions, and settings.

import numpy as np


def print_hi(name):
    # Use a breakpoint in the code line below to debug your script.
    a = np.arange(15).reshape(3, 5)
    print(a)
    print(f'Hi, {name}')  # Press Ctrl+F8 to toggle the breakpoint.


# Press the green button in the gutter to run the script.
if __name__ == '__main__':
    print_hi('PyCharm')

# See PyCharm help at https://www.jetbrains.com/help/pycharm/

2. 安裝科學計算庫

先看conda list 預設是否安裝。這裡安裝了 numpy 1.20.1, scikit-learn 0.24.1, scipy 1.6.2.

2.1 安裝 pytorch cpu 版本

https://pytorch.org/ 提供了安裝命令
conda install pytorch torchvision torchaudio cpuonly -c pytorch
成功安裝 pytorch 1.9.1 cpu-only

示例程式：

[user@localhost anaconda3]$ conda activate
(base) [user@localhost anaconda3]$ python
Python 3.8.8 (default, Apr 13 2021, 19:58:26) 
[GCC 7.3.0] :: Anaconda, Inc. on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import torch
>>> import numpy as np
>>> data = [[1, 2],[3, 4]]
>>> x_data = torch.tensor(data)
>>> print(x_data)
tensor([[1, 2],
        [3, 4]])
>>> 

2.2

[1] https://docs.anaconda.com/anaconda/install/linux/
[2] https://askubuntu.com/questions/1026383/why-does-base-appear-in-front-of-my-terminal-prompt
[3] https://stackoverflow.com/questions/55171696/how-to-remove-base-from-terminal-prompt-after-updating-conda
[4] https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/348120084