使用IDEA整合SSM框架
一、SSM的基本說明和概念
1.1 什麼是SSM
SSM是SpringMVC+Spring+Mybatis的簡稱。其中SpringMVC用來處理和使用者請求,返回請求,是一個MVC框架;Mybatis是一個持久層框架,用來將資料儲存到資料庫;
Spring則是一個輕量級的java框架,主要功能是用來實現IOC和Aop,在這裡他用來當做兩個框架的粘合劑。
1.2 整合的思路
從上面的分析可以得到一個簡單的框架示意圖
下面我們就按照這個思路進行整合。
二、建立專案,並搭建專案架構
3.1 建立專案
建立一個maven的基架專案,如下圖所示:
然後填寫自己的groupid,然後一直next就可以了,然後專案就建立完畢了,如圖所示:
3.2 在pom檔案中引用包,填寫專案目錄
(1)引用的所有包如下:
<properties> <spring.version>5.2.6.RELEASE</spring.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId> <version>3.5.4</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId> <version>2.0.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.12</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> <version>1.2.17</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId> <version>2.5</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId> <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId> <version>2.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.mchange</groupId> <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId> <version>0.9.5.5</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> <version>1.2.17</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId> <version>2.11.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId> <version>2.11.1</version> </dependency> </dependencies>
(2)搭建檔案目錄
按照java的約定,將java資料夾設定為原始碼目錄,然後在該資料夾下建立我們的包名;接著分別建立dao、service、controller、domain等資料夾,將我們的專案分層;如下圖所示:
三、搭建SpringMVC框架,並整合spring
3.1 搭建SpringMVC框架
修改webapp/WEB-INF資料夾下的web.xml檔案;
(1)配置servlet,servlet用來攔截使用者的所有請求,將使用者所有的請求轉到我們的controller中處理
<servlet> <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <!--載入spring-mvc配置檔案--> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping>
在resource資料夾下建立spring-mvc配置檔案,該檔案配置了開啟mvc支援,controller所在的類,檢視檔案所在資料夾等;
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!--啟用mvc支援-->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!--配置掃描包,只掃描controller註解-->
<context:component-scan base-package="org.study.controller">
</context:component-scan>
<!--配置檢視解析器-->
<bean id="internalResourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
<!--配置mvc靜態資源-->
<mvc:resources mapping="/js/**" location="/js/"/>
</beans>
(2)配置filter,解決中文亂碼問題
<!--配置中文亂碼-->
<filter>
<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
(3)驗證mvc的執行
修改一個HelloController中程式碼,如下:
package org.study.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@Controller
@RequestMapping(path = "/test")
public class HelloController {
@RequestMapping(path = "/hello")
public String hello(){
return "hello";
}
}
在WEB-INF資料夾下新建一個pages資料夾(因為spring-mvc.xml配置了檢視所在的資料夾),並建立一個hello.jsp檔案,如下:
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h3>hello mvc</h3>
</body>
</html>
執行專案,可以看到mvc執行成功:
3.2 搭建Spring框架
上面我們已經成功的讓專案執行起來,接下來我們整合spring框架,讓spring框架去管理我們的dao、service層
(1)在web.xml中載入spring-batis.xml
在web.xml新增listener,載入spring的配置檔案,如下:
<!--配置listener,載入spring的配置檔案-->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-mybatis.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
(2)建立spring-mybatis.xml
在resources資料夾下建立spring-mybatis.xml,並配置掃描的包
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:ex="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
<!--配置spring管理的包,管理service層的包,不管理controller-->
<context:component-scan base-package="org.study.service">
<context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
</context:component-scan>
</beans>
此步驟配置掃描的包為dao層、和service層,不管理controller層;
至此我們編寫一個簡單的測試方法,讓controller層呼叫service層,示例程式碼如下:
service程式碼:
@Service(value = "accountService")
public class AccountServiceImpl implements IAccountService {
@Override
public List<Account> getAccountList() {
System.out.println("getAccountList service層呼叫了");
return null;
}
}
controller程式碼:
@Controller
@RequestMapping(path = "/test")
public class HelloController {
@Autowired
private IAccountService accountService;
@RequestMapping(path = "/hello")
public String hello() {
accountService.getAccountList();
return "hello";
}
}
執行結果如下:
至此,我們的spring和springmvc的整合已經完成;
四、使用spring框架,整合mybatis框架
4.1 在spring-mybatis.xml中配置mybatis,配置檔案如下:
<!--讀取資料庫的配置檔案-->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbcConfig.properties"/>
<!--配置連線池-->
<bean name="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
<property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
</bean>
<!--配置sqlsessionFactory-->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>
<!--配置dao所在的包-->
<bean name="mapperScanner" class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
<property name="basePackage" value="org.study.dao"/>
</bean>
<!--配置事務-->
<bean name="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
在resources資料夾下建立jdbcConfig.properties檔案,裡面配置資料庫相關內容:
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/testDB?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123456
至此我們的spring整合mybatis已經完成,接下來我們查詢資料庫資料,並展示到頁面上;
4.2 查詢資料並驗證
最後,整個專案的目錄結構如下
(1)dao層使用mybaits查詢,程式碼如下
@Repository("accountDao")
public interface IAccountDao {
@Select("select * from userAccount")
List<Account> getAccountList();
}
(2)service層程式碼如下:
@Service(value = "accountService")
public class AccountServiceImpl implements IAccountService {
@Autowired
private IAccountDao accountDao;
@Override
public List<Account> getAccountList() {
System.out.println("getAccountList service層呼叫了");
return accountDao.getAccountList();
}
}
(3)controller和頁面如下
@Controller
@RequestMapping(path = "/test")
public class HelloController {
@Autowired
private IAccountService accountService;
@RequestMapping(path = "/hello")
public String hello(Model model) {
List<Account> accounts = accountService.getAccountList();
model.addAttribute("accounts",accounts);
return "hello";
}
}
頁面如下:
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h3>hello mvc</h3>
<table>
<tr>
<td>id</td>
<td>name</td>
<td>money</td>
</tr>
<c:forEach items="${accounts }" var="account">
<tr>
<td>${account.id }</td>
<td>${account.name }</td>
<td>${account.money }</td>
</tr>
</c:forEach>
</table>
</body>
</html>
(4)驗證訪問結果
最終,我們的三個框架整合完畢,可以正常的工作了。
五、小結
1、整個專案的請求流程圖如下
通過上圖,我們可以清晰的看到各個流程對應程式碼中的層;
2、SSM框架主要是整合springmvc和mybatis
3、參考文章:
(1)https://www.cnblogs.com/wmyskxz/p/8916365.html