SpringFramework的核心:IOC容器的實現------BeanDefinition的載入
上一次我已經講述瞭如何定位BeanDefinition的Resource資源,那麼現在我想繼續講述一下如何載入這些資源。
關於上節課的具體內容,我畫了一個簡圖
在org.springframework.context.support.AbstractXmlApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader)
中是這樣描述的,我在上一篇文章也已經說過,FileSystemXmlApplicationContext是通過獲取xml檔案的configLocations來獲取BeanDefinition的。但是書上解析的是通過getConfigResources()方法進行獲取,所以我決定按照書上講解為主,以loadBeanDefinitions(resources)為主。
protected void loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader reader) throws BeansException, IOException { Resource[] configResources = getConfigResources(); if (configResources != null) { reader.loadBeanDefinitions(configResources); } String[] configLocations = getConfigLocations(); if (configLocations != null) { reader.loadBeanDefinitions(configLocations); } }
現在根據書上所說,我們來進入org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader裡面來看一下這個類是如何根據Xml來載入BeanDefinition的,我們可以看到,雖然XmlBeanDefinitionReader的父類AbstractBeanDefinitionReader有關於loadBeanDefinitions(Resource... resources)的實現。
但是在這個地方呼叫的是XmlBeanDefinitionReader裡面的loadBeanDefinitions(Resource... resources)方法
我們來看關於這個方法的具體實現程式碼
public int loadBeanDefinitions(Resource resource) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
return loadBeanDefinitions(new EncodedResource(resource));
}
public int loadBeanDefinitions(EncodedResource encodedResource) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
Assert.notNull(encodedResource, "EncodedResource must not be null");
if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
logger.info("Loading XML bean definitions from " + encodedResource.getResource());
}
Set<EncodedResource> currentResources = this.resourcesCurrentlyBeingLoaded.get();
if (currentResources == null) {
currentResources = new HashSet<EncodedResource>(4);
this.resourcesCurrentlyBeingLoaded.set(currentResources);
}
if (!currentResources.add(encodedResource)) {
throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(
"Detected cyclic loading of " + encodedResource + " - check your import definitions!");
}
try {
/**
*這裡得到Xml檔案並得到IO的InputSource準備讀取
*
*/
InputStream inputStream = encodedResource.getResource().getInputStream();
try {
InputSource inputSource = new InputSource(inputStream);
if (encodedResource.getEncoding() != null) {
inputSource.setEncoding(encodedResource.getEncoding());
}
return doLoadBeanDefinitions(inputSource, encodedResource.getResource());
}
finally {
inputStream.close();
}
}
catch (IOException ex) {
throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(
"IOException parsing XML document from " + encodedResource.getResource(), ex);
}
finally {
currentResources.remove(encodedResource);
if (currentResources.isEmpty()) {
this.resourcesCurrentlyBeingLoaded.remove();
}
}
}
在這個方法中主要呼叫了這樣兩個語句
InputStream inputStream = encodedResource.getResource().getInputStream();
InputSource inputSource = new InputSource(inputStream);
這裡主要是獲取resource的輸入流,並建立inputSource物件獲取這個流對resource進行讀取。
下面這條語句是這個方法的核心
doLoadBeanDefinitions(inputSource, encodedResource.getResource());
這個方法的實現同樣也在XmlBeanDefinitionReader中。
protected int doLoadBeanDefinitions(InputSource inputSource, Resource resource)
throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
try {
Document doc = doLoadDocument(inputSource, resource);
return registerBeanDefinitions(doc, resource);
}
catch (BeanDefinitionStoreException ex) {
throw ex;
}
catch (SAXParseException ex) {
throw new XmlBeanDefinitionStoreException(resource.getDescription(),
"Line " + ex.getLineNumber() + " in XML document from " + resource + " is invalid", ex);
}
catch (SAXException ex) {
throw new XmlBeanDefinitionStoreException(resource.getDescription(),
"XML document from " + resource + " is invalid", ex);
}
catch (ParserConfigurationException ex) {
throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(resource.getDescription(),
"Parser configuration exception parsing XML from " + resource, ex);
}
catch (IOException ex) {
throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(resource.getDescription(),
"IOException parsing XML document from " + resource, ex);
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(resource.getDescription(),
"Unexpected exception parsing XML document from " + resource, ex);
}
}
在這個方法中,我們可以看到我們首先獲取了一個Document物件
關於這個方法,也就是如何啟動對BeanDefinition解析的詳細過程
registerBeanDefinitions(doc, resource);
這個方法同樣是在XmlBeanDefinitionReader類中
public int registerBeanDefinitions(Document doc, Resource resource) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
BeanDefinitionDocumentReader documentReader = createBeanDefinitionDocumentReader();
int countBefore = getRegistry().getBeanDefinitionCount();
documentReader.registerBeanDefinitions(doc, createReaderContext(resource));
return getRegistry().getBeanDefinitionCount() - countBefore;
}
BeanDefinition的載入包括兩部分
首先是通過呼叫XML的解析器得到document物件,但這些document物件並沒有按照Spring的Bean規則進行解析。
但這些document物件並沒有按照Spring的bean規則進行解析,在完成通用的XML解析以後,才是按照Spring的Bean規則進行解析的地方。
按照Spring的Bean規則進行解析是在documentReader中進行的,這裡使用的 是DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader這個類
private Class<?> documentReaderClass = DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader.class;
protected BeanDefinitionDocumentReader createBeanDefinitionDocumentReader() {
return BeanDefinitionDocumentReader.class.cast(BeanUtils.instantiateClass(this.documentReaderClass));
}
documentReader負責處理BeanDefinition,然後處理的結果交由BeanDefinitionHolder物件來持有。這個BeanDefinitionHolder物件除了持有BeanDefinition物件外,還持有了其他與BeanDefinition的使用相關的資訊,比如Bean的名字,別名集合。這個BeanDefinitonHolder的生成是通過對Document文件樹的內容進行解析來完成的,可以看到這個解析過程是由BeanDefinitionParserDelegate來實現的。
具體的解析語句是在這條程式碼中完成的
documentReader.registerBeanDefinitions(doc, createReaderContext(resource));
同樣是在DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader類中
public void registerBeanDefinitions(Document doc, XmlReaderContext readerContext) {
this.readerContext = readerContext;
logger.debug("Loading bean definitions");
Element root = doc.getDocumentElement();
doRegisterBeanDefinitions(root);
}
protected void doRegisterBeanDefinitions(Element root) {
BeanDefinitionParserDelegate parent = this.delegate;
this.delegate = createDelegate(getReaderContext(), root, parent);
if (this.delegate.isDefaultNamespace(root)) {
String profileSpec = root.getAttribute(PROFILE_ATTRIBUTE);
if (StringUtils.hasText(profileSpec)) {
String[] specifiedProfiles = StringUtils.tokenizeToStringArray(
profileSpec, BeanDefinitionParserDelegate.MULTI_VALUE_ATTRIBUTE_DELIMITERS);
if (!getReaderContext().getEnvironment().acceptsProfiles(specifiedProfiles)) {
if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
logger.info("Skipped XML bean definition file due to specified profiles [" + profileSpec +
"] not matching: " + getReaderContext().getResource());
}
return;
}
}
}
preProcessXml(root);
parseBeanDefinitions(root, this.delegate);
postProcessXml(root);
this.delegate = parent;
}
protected void parseBeanDefinitions(Element root, BeanDefinitionParserDelegate delegate) {
if (delegate.isDefaultNamespace(root)) {
NodeList nl = root.getChildNodes();
for (int i = 0; i < nl.getLength(); i++) {
Node node = nl.item(i);
if (node instanceof Element) {
Element ele = (Element) node;
if (delegate.isDefaultNamespace(ele)) {
parseDefaultElement(ele, delegate);
}
else {
delegate.parseCustomElement(ele);
}
}
}
}
else {
delegate.parseCustomElement(root);
}
}
private void parseDefaultElement(Element ele, BeanDefinitionParserDelegate delegate) {
if (delegate.nodeNameEquals(ele, IMPORT_ELEMENT)) {
importBeanDefinitionResource(ele);
}
else if (delegate.nodeNameEquals(ele, ALIAS_ELEMENT)) {
processAliasRegistration(ele);
}
else if (delegate.nodeNameEquals(ele, BEAN_ELEMENT)) {
processBeanDefinition(ele, delegate);
}
else if (delegate.nodeNameEquals(ele, NESTED_BEANS_ELEMENT)) {
// recurse
doRegisterBeanDefinitions(ele);
}
}
現在我們獲取了一個這個DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader------document讀取器。我們來進入這個類檢視它的
processBeanDefinition()方法.
protected void processBeanDefinition(Element ele, BeanDefinitionParserDelegate delegate) {
BeanDefinitionHolder bdHolder = delegate.parseBeanDefinitionElement(ele);
if (bdHolder != null) {
bdHolder = delegate.decorateBeanDefinitionIfRequired(ele, bdHolder);
try {
// Register the final decorated instance.
BeanDefinitionReaderUtils.registerBeanDefinition(bdHolder, getReaderContext().getRegistry());
}
catch (BeanDefinitionStoreException ex) {
getReaderContext().error("Failed to register bean definition with name '" +
bdHolder.getBeanName() + "'", ele, ex);
}
// Send registration event.
getReaderContext().fireComponentRegistered(new BeanComponentDefinition(bdHolder));
}
}
在這個裡面我們看到了一個BeanDefintionHolder,這個類相當於是BeanDefinition物件的封裝類,封裝了BeanDefinition,Bean的名字和別名。用它來完成向IoC容器註冊。得到這個BeanDefinitionHolder實際上就意味著BeanDefinition,是通過BeanDefinitionParserDelegate對XML元素的資訊按照Spring的Bean規則進行解析得到的。
BeanDefinitionHolder bdHolder = delegate.parseBeanDefinitionElement(ele);
下面是關於BeanDefinitionParserDelegate如何取得BeanDefinitionHolder物件的。
public BeanDefinitionHolder parseBeanDefinitionElement(Element ele, BeanDefinition containingBean) {
String id = ele.getAttribute(ID_ATTRIBUTE);
String nameAttr = ele.getAttribute(NAME_ATTRIBUTE);
List<String> aliases = new ArrayList<String>();
if (StringUtils.hasLength(nameAttr)) {
String[] nameArr = StringUtils.tokenizeToStringArray(nameAttr, MULTI_VALUE_ATTRIBUTE_DELIMITERS);
aliases.addAll(Arrays.asList(nameArr));
}
String beanName = id;
if (!StringUtils.hasText(beanName) && !aliases.isEmpty()) {
beanName = aliases.remove(0);
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("No XML 'id' specified - using '" + beanName +
"' as bean name and " + aliases + " as aliases");
}
}
if (containingBean == null) {
checkNameUniqueness(beanName, aliases, ele);
}
AbstractBeanDefinition beanDefinition = parseBeanDefinitionElement(ele, beanName, containingBean);
if (beanDefinition != null) {
if (!StringUtils.hasText(beanName)) {
try {
if (containingBean != null) {
beanName = BeanDefinitionReaderUtils.generateBeanName(
beanDefinition, this.readerContext.getRegistry(), true);
}
else {
beanName = this.readerContext.generateBeanName(beanDefinition);
// Register an alias for the plain bean class name, if still possible,
// if the generator returned the class name plus a suffix.
// This is expected for Spring 1.2/2.0 backwards compatibility.
String beanClassName = beanDefinition.getBeanClassName();
if (beanClassName != null &&
beanName.startsWith(beanClassName) && beanName.length() > beanClassName.length() &&
!this.readerContext.getRegistry().isBeanNameInUse(beanClassName)) {
aliases.add(beanClassName);
}
}
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Neither XML 'id' nor 'name' specified - " +
"using generated bean name [" + beanName + "]");
}
}
catch (Exception ex) {
error(ex.getMessage(), ele);
return null;
}
}
String[] aliasesArray = StringUtils.toStringArray(aliases);
return new BeanDefinitionHolder(beanDefinition, beanName, aliasesArray);
}
return null;
}
以上就是關於BeanDefinition的解析過程,具體到細節,比如property的注入可以參考原書。