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[LeetCode] N-ary Tree Preorder Traversal N叉樹的前序遍歷

discuss com 如果 logs src preorder 應該 problem pty

Given an n-ary tree, return the preorder traversal of its nodes‘ values.

For example, given a 3-ary tree:

技術分享圖片

Return its preorder traversal as: [1,3,5,6,2,4].

Note:

Recursive solution is trivial, could you do it iteratively?

這道題讓我們求N叉樹的前序遍歷,有之前那道Binary Tree Preorder Traversal的基礎,知道了二叉樹的前序遍歷的方法,很容易就可以寫出N叉樹的前序遍歷。先來看遞歸的解法,主要實現一個遞歸函數即可,判空之後,將當前結點值加入結果res中,然後遍歷子結點數組中所有的結點,對每個結點都調用遞歸函數即可,參見代碼如下:

解法一:

class Solution {
public:
    vector<int> preorder(Node* root) {
        vector<int> res;
        helper(root, res);
        return res;
    }
    void helper(Node* node, vector<int>& res) {
        if (!node) return;
        res.push_back(node->val);
        
for (Node* child : node->children) { helper(child, res); } } };

我們也可以使用叠代的解法來做,使用棧stack來輔助,需要註意的是,如果使用棧的話,我們遍歷子結點數組的順序應該是從後往前的,因為棧是後進先出的順序,所以需要最先遍歷的子結點應該最後進棧,參見代碼如下:

解法二:

class Solution {
public:
    vector<int> preorder(Node* root) {
        if (!root) return
{}; vector<int> res; stack<Node*> st{{root}}; while (!st.empty()) { Node* t = st.top(); st.pop(); res.push_back(t->val); for (int i = (int)t->children.size() - 1; i >= 0; --i) { st.push(t->children[i]); } } return res; } };

類似題目:

Binary Tree Preorder Traversal

N-ary Tree Level Order Traversal

N-ary Tree Postorder Traversal

參考資料:

https://leetcode.com/problems/n-ary-tree-preorder-traversal/

https://leetcode.com/problems/n-ary-tree-preorder-traversal/discuss/147955/Java-Iterative-and-Recursive-Solutions

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[LeetCode] N-ary Tree Preorder Traversal N叉樹的前序遍歷