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Git Cheat Sheet 中英譯(十九)

一、常用命令:

1.建立

①  克隆現有的儲存庫 :Clone an existing repository

 1 | $ git clone ssh://[email protected]/repo.git

②  建立一個新的本地倉庫 :Create a new local repository (初始化)

 1 | $ git init

2.本地更改

①  更改工作目錄中的檔案:Changed files in your working directory  (檢視狀態)

 1 | $ git status

②  對跟蹤檔案的更改:Changes to tracked files (檢視修改內容)

 1 | $ git diff

③  向下一個提交新增所有當前更改:Add all current changes to the next commit  (新增所有檔案)

 1 | $ git add .
 2 | $ git add *.html   表示新增所有html格式的檔案

④  將<file>中的一些更改新增到下一個提交中:Add some changes in <file> to the next commit

 1 | $ git add -p <file>

⑤  提交跟蹤檔案中的所有本地更改:Commit all local changes in tracked files

 1 | $ git commit -a

⑥  提交以前階段的更改:Commit previously staged changes

 1 | $ git commit

⑦  更改最後一次提交,不要修改釋出的提交!:Change the last commit ,Don‘t amend published commits!

 1 | $ git commit --amend

3.提交歷史

①  顯示所有提交,從最新開始:Show all commits, starting with newest

 1 | $ git log

②  顯示特定檔案隨時間的變化:Show changes over time for a specific file

 1 | $ git log -p <file>

③  誰在<file>中更改了什麼和什麼時間:Who changed what and when in <file>

 1 | $ git blame <file>

4.分支和標籤

①  列出所有現有分支:List all existing branches

 1 | $ git branch -av

②  切換分支機構負責人:Switch HEAD branch

 1 | $ git checkout <branch>

③  建立一個基於分支的新分支,在你當前的頭(主分支):Create a new branch based on your current HEAD

 1 | $ git branch <new-branch>

④  根據以下內容建立一個新的跟蹤分支在遠端分支:Create a new tracking branch based on a remote branch

 1 | $ git checkout --track <remote/branch>

⑤  刪除本地分支:Delete a local branch

 1 | $ git branch -d <branch>

⑥  用標記,標記當前提交:Mark the current commit with a tag  (打標籤)

 1 | $ git tag <tag-name>

5.更新和釋出

①  列出所有當前配置的遠端主機:List all currently configured remotes  (檢視遠端庫的資訊)

 1 | $ git remote -v

②  顯示關於遠端的資訊:Show information about a remote

 1 | $ git remote show <remote>

③  新增新的遠端倉庫,名為<remote>:Add new remote repository, named <remote>

 1 | $ git remote add <shortname> <url>

④  從 <remote> 下載所有更改,但不要和HEAD合併 :Download all changes from <remote> , but don‘t integrate into HEAD

 1 | $ git fetch <remote>

⑤  下載更改,並直接下載,合併/融入頭:Download changes and directly merge/integrate into HEAD

 1 | $ git pull <remote> <branch>

⑥  在遠端上釋出本地更改:Publish local changes on a remote

 1 | $ git push <remote> <branch>

⑦  刪除遠端上的一個分支:Delete a branch on the remote

 1 | $ git branch -dr <remote/branch>

⑧  釋出你的標籤:Publish your tags

 1 | $ git push --tags

六.合併和變基

①  將 <branch> 合併到當前頭(指向、分支)中:Merge <branch> into your current HEAD (合併分支)

 1 | $ git merge <branch>

②  將當前頭重設為<branch>,不要重新基礎釋出提交!:Rebase your current HEAD onto <branch>,Don‘t rebase published commits!

 1 | $ git rebase <branch>

③  中止一個變基:Abort a rebase

 1 | $ git rebase --abort

④  在解決衝突後繼續重建基地 :Continue a rebase after resolving conflicts

 1 | $ git rebase --continue

⑤  使用已配置的合併工具,解決衝突:Use your configured merge tool to solve conflicts

 1 | $ git mergetool

⑥  使用編輯器手動解決衝突並且(在解析之後)標記檔案為已解析

       :Use your editor to manually solve conflicts and (after resolving) mark file as resolved

 1 | $ git add <resolved-file>
 2 | $ git rm <resolved-file>

7.撤銷(undo)

①  在工作目錄中放棄所有本地修改:Discard all local changes in your working directory

 1 | $ git reset --hard HEAD

②  丟棄特定檔案中的本地更改:Discard local changes in a specific file

 1 | $ git checkout HEAD <file>

③  通過生成新的提交來恢復提交(相反的變化):Revert a commit (by producing a new commit with contrary changes)

 1 | $ git revert <commit>

④  在解決衝突後繼續重建基地,然後丟棄從那時起的所有更改

:Reset your HEAD pointer to a previous commit and discard all changes since then

 1 | $ git reset --hard <commit>

⑤  將所有更改保留為無階段更改變化:and preserve all changes as unstaged changes

 1 | $ git reset <commit>

⑥  儲存未提交的本地更改 :and preserve uncommitted local changes

 1 | $ git reset --keep <commit>