R語言-時間序列圖
阿新 • • 發佈:2018-12-12
1.時間序列圖
plot()函式
> air<-read.csv("openair.csv") > plot(air$nox~as.Date(air$date,"%d/%m/%Y %H:%M"), #把年月日時分秒轉換成日期格式 + type="l", + xlab="Time", ylab="Concentration (ppb)", + main="Time trend of Oxides of Nitrogen")
zoo()包
> library(zoo) > plot(zoo(air$nox,as.Date(air$date,"%d/%m/%Y %H:%M")), #zoo簡化plot函式的引數設定 + xlab="Time", ylab="Concentration (ppb)", + main="Time trend of Oxides of Nitrogen")
2.時間刻度可讀化
> plot(air$nox~as.Date(air$date,"%d/%m/%Y %H:%M"),type="l", + xaxt="n", #不畫X軸 + xlab="Time", ylab="Concentration (ppb)", + main="Time trend of Oxides of Nitrogen") > xlabels<-strptime(air$date, format = "%d/%m/%Y %H:%M") > axis.Date(1, #設定X軸刻度顯示位置
+ at=xlabels[xlabels$mday==1], #設定刻度為每天一個刻度
+ format="%b-%Y") #設定標記格式
3.標記特定的時間事件
> plot(air$nox~as.Date(air$date,"%d/%m/%Y %H:%M"),type="l", + xlab="Time", ylab="Concentration (ppb)", + main="Time trend of Oxides of Nitrogen") > abline(v=as.Date("25/12/2003","%d/%m/%Y"),col="red") #在特定時間畫垂直線
示例:股票資料圖
> library(quantmod) > library(tseries) > aapl<-get.hist.quote(instrument = "aapl", quote = c("Cl", "Vol")) #抓取蘋果股票資料 > goog <- get.hist.quote(instrument = "goog", quote = c("Cl", "Vol")) #抓取谷歌股票資料 > msft <- get.hist.quote(instrument = "msft", quote = c("Cl", "Vol")) #抓取微軟股票資料 > plot(msft$Close,main = "Stock Price Comparison", + ylim=c(0,800), col="red", type="l", lwd=0.5, + pch=19,cex=0.6, xlab="Date" ,ylab="Stock Price (USD)") > lines(goog$Close,col="blue",lwd=0.5) > lines(aapl$Close,col="gray",lwd=0.5) > legend("top",horiz=T,legend=c("Microsoft","Google","Apple"), #horiz=T圖例水平擺開
+ col=c("red","blue","gray"),lty=1,bty="n")
> getSymbols("AAPL",src="yahoo") > barChart(AAPL) #畫成交量與股價圖 > candleChart(AAPL,theme="white") #畫蠟燭圖