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leetcode之判斷是否BST二分搜尋樹

題目:

Validate Binary Search Tree

Given a binary tree, determine if it is a valid binary search tree (BST).

Assume a BST is defined as follows:

  • The left subtree of a node contains only nodes with keys less than the node's key.
  • The right subtree of a node contains only nodes with keys greater than the node's key.
  • Both the left and right subtrees must also be binary search trees.

思路:一種方法是,先判斷左側左子樹是否為BST,再判斷右子樹是否為BST,如果都是,再判斷左子樹最大的是否小於根節點,右子樹最小的是否大於根節點,如果都是,則為合法的BST,具體實現可用遞迴,可是這種方法的缺陷是遞迴的次數太多,時間複雜度太大。另一種時間複雜度合理的思路是把這這棵樹按照中序遍歷打印出來,看看是否從小到大,因為中序遍歷從小到大等價於為BST,實現按照遞迴來做,遞迴次數合理,時間複雜度不會太大。

程式碼:

/**
 * Definition for binary tree
 * struct TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode *left;
 *     TreeNode *right;
 *     TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(NULL), right(NULL) {}
 * };                       
 */

struct Node {
    int val;
    Node * next;
    Node(int x) : val(x), next(NULL){}
};

class Solution {
public:
    Node * makeInorderList(TreeNode * root)
    {
        if(root==NULL)
        {
            return NULL;
        }
        if(root->left==NULL && root->right==NULL)
        {
            Node * list= new Node(root->val);
            return list;
        }
        if(root->left!=NULL)
        {
            Node * list=makeInorderList(root->left);
            Node * p=list;
            while(p->next!=NULL)
            {
                p=p->next;
            }
            p->next=new Node(root->val);
            if(root->right!=NULL)
            {
                p=p->next;
                p->next=makeInorderList(root->right);
            }
            return list;
        }else
        {
            Node * list=new Node(root->val);
            if(root->right!=NULL)
            {
                list->next=makeInorderList(root->right);
            }
            return list;
        }
    }
    bool isValidBST(TreeNode *root) {
        if(root==NULL)
        {
            return true;
        }
        Node * list=makeInorderList(root);
        Node * p=list;
        if(p->next==NULL)
        {
            return true;
        }
        Node *q=p->next;
        while(q!=NULL)
        {
            if(p->val>=q->val)
            {
                return false;
            }
            p=p->next;
            q=q->next;
        }
        return true;
    }
};