Covering

Description

Bob’s school has a big playground, boys and girls always play games here after school.

To protect boys and girls from getting hurt when playing happily on the playground, rich boy Bob decided to cover the playground using his carpets.

Meanwhile, Bob is a mean boy, so he acquired that his carpets can not overlap one cell twice or more.

He has infinite carpets with sizes of 1×2 and 2×1, and the size of the playground is 4×n.

Can you tell Bob the total number of schemes where the carpets can cover the playground completely without overlapping?

Input

There are no more than 5000 test cases.

Each test case only contains one positive integer n in a line.

1≤n≤10^18

Output

For each test cases, output the answer mod 1000000007 in a line.

Sample Input

1
2

Sample Output

1
5

題意

遞推推經典題目，首先可以暴力DFS跑出前10項 發現果然是線性關係，直接黑科技模板就可以。
當然也可以用高斯消元把公式搞出來，或者直接推

遞推公式為
f(n) = f(n-1)+5*f(n-2)+f(n-3)-f(n-4)
直接矩陣快速冪 注意因為有個負號

AC程式碼

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

#define LL long long
 

#define CLR(a,b) memset(a,(b),sizeof(a))

const int MAXM = 1e3+10;
const int MAXN = 1e6+10;
const int mod = 1e9+7;
LL n;
struct node
{
    LL arr[4][4];
};
node mul(node x, node y)
{
    node ans;
    CLR(ans.arr,0);
    for(int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
        for(int j = 0; j < 4; j++) {
            for(int k = 0; k < 4; k++) {
                ans.arr[i][j] = (ans.arr[i][j]+(x.arr[i][k]*y.arr[k][j]+mod)%mod)%mod;
            }
        }
    }
    return ans;
}

node powMod(LL u, node x)
{
    node ans;
    CLR(ans.arr,0);
    for(int i = 0;i < 4; i++) {
        for(int j = 0; j < 4; j++) if(i == j) ans.arr[i][j] = 1;
    }
    while(u) {
        if(u&1) ans = mul(ans,x);
        x = mul(x,x);
        u >>= 1;
    }
    return ans;
}

int main()
{
    while(~scanf("%lld",&n)) {
        node res;
        CLR(res.arr,0);
        res.arr[0][0] = 1; res.arr[0][1] = 5; res.arr[0][2] = 1; res.arr[0][3] = -1;
        res.arr[1][0] = 1; res.arr[2][1] = 1; res.arr[3][2] = 1;
        if(n == 1)  puts("1");
        else if(n == 2) puts("5");
        else if(n == 3) puts("11");
        else if(n == 4) puts("36");
        else {
            node xx = powMod(n-4,res);
            LL yy = ((xx.arr[0][0]*36)%mod+(xx.arr[0][1]*11)%mod+(xx.arr[0][2]*5)%mod+(xx.arr[0][3]*1)%mod)%mod;
            printf("%lld\n",yy);
        }
    }
return 0;
}