pbkdf2_sha256加密驗證演算法

最近在改由Java取代Python驗證使用者登入的加密方式。Python通過pbkdf2演算法和sha256演算法對使用者的密碼進行加密，由於業務需要，轉由Java方式實現。弄了許久也是終於完成了Python和Java的無縫對接。

主要使用"getEncodedHash"方法和"encode"方法，具體的加密方式根據自己的需求而定，Python程式碼就不貼了，這裡主要是給大家一個參考思路

Java程式碼：

具體參考 getEncodedHash 方法，因為返回有很多格式，這裡列舉了Base64和64位的十六進位制

下面貼程式碼： Pbkdf2Sha256 工具類

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import javax.crypto.SecretKey;
import javax.crypto.SecretKeyFactory;
import javax.crypto.spec.PBEKeySpec;
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.spec.
 
InvalidKeySpecException;
import java.security.spec.KeySpec;
import java.util.Random;

/**
 * PBKDF2_SHA256加密驗證演算法
 *
 * @author 慌途L
 */

public class Pbkdf2Sha256 {

    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Pbkdf2Sha256.class);

    /**
     * 鹽的長度
     */
    public static final
 
 int SALT_BYTE_SIZE = 16;

    /**
     * 生成密文的長度(例：64 * 4，密文長度為64)
     */
    public static final int HASH_BIT_SIZE = 64 * 4;

    /**
     * 迭代次數(預設迭代次數為 30000)
     */
    private static final Integer DEFAULT_ITERATIONS = 30000;

    /**
     * 演算法名稱
     */
    private static final String algorithm = "pbkdf2&sha256";

    /**
     * 獲取密文
     * @param password   密碼明文
     * @param salt       加鹽
     * @param iterations 迭代次數
     * @return
     */
    public static String getEncodedHash(String password, String salt, int iterations) {
        // Returns only the last part of whole encoded password
        SecretKeyFactory keyFactory = null;
        try {
            keyFactory = SecretKeyFactory.getInstance("PBKDF2WithHmacSHA256");
        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
            logger.error("Could NOT retrieve PBKDF2WithHmacSHA256 algorithm", e);
        }
        KeySpec keySpec = new PBEKeySpec(password.toCharArray(), salt.getBytes(Charset.forName("UTF-8")), iterations, HASH_BIT_SIZE);
        SecretKey secret = null;
        try {
            secret = keyFactory.generateSecret(keySpec);
        } catch (InvalidKeySpecException e) {
            logger.error("Could NOT generate secret key", e);
        }

        //使用Base64進行轉碼密文
//        byte[] rawHash = secret.getEncoded();
//        byte[] hashBase64 = Base64.getEncoder().encode(rawHash);
//        return new String(hashBase64);

        //使用十六進位制密文
        return toHex(secret.getEncoded());
    }

    /**
     * 十六進位制字串轉二進位制字串
     * @param hex     十六進位制字串
     * @return      
     */
    private static byte[] fromHex(String hex) {
        byte[] binary = new byte[hex.length() / 2];
        for (int i = 0; i < binary.length; i++) {
            binary[i] = (byte) Integer.parseInt(hex.substring(2 * i, 2 * i + 2), 16);
        }
        return binary;
    }

    /**
     * 二進位制字串轉十六進位制字串
     * @param array     二進位制陣列
     * @return      
     */
    private static String toHex(byte[] array) {
        BigInteger bi = new BigInteger(1, array);
        String hex = bi.toString(16);
        int paddingLength = (array.length * 2) - hex.length();
        if (paddingLength > 0)
            return String.format("%0" + paddingLength + "d", 0) + hex;
        else
            return hex;
    }

    /**
     * 密文加鹽     (獲取‘SALT_BYTE_SIZE’長度的鹽值)
     * @return
     */
    public static String getsalt() {
        //鹽值使用ASCII表的數字加大小寫字母組成
        int length = SALT_BYTE_SIZE;
        Random rand = new Random();
        char[] rs = new char[length];
        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
            int t = rand.nextInt(3);
            if (t == 0) {
                rs[i] = (char) (rand.nextInt(10) + 48);
            } else if (t == 1) {
                rs[i] = (char) (rand.nextInt(26) + 65);
            } else {
                rs[i] = (char) (rand.nextInt(26) + 97);
            }
        }
        return new String(rs);
    }

    /**
     * 獲取密文
     * 預設迭代次數：30000
     * @param password      明文密碼
     * @return
     */
    public static String encode(String password) {
        return encode(password, getsalt());
    }

    /**
     * 獲取密文
     * @param password      明文密碼
     * @param iterations    迭代次數
     * @return
     */
    public static String encode(String password, int iterations) {
        return encode(password, getsalt(), iterations);
    }

    /**
     * 獲取密文
     * 預設迭代次數：30000
     * @param password      明文密碼
     * @param salt          鹽值
     * @return
     */
    public static String encode(String password, String salt) {
        return encode(password, salt, DEFAULT_ITERATIONS);
    }

    /**
     * 最終返回的整串密文
     *
     * 注：此方法返回密文字串組成：演算法名稱+迭代次數+鹽值+密文
     * 不需要的直接用getEncodedHash方法返回的密文
     *
     * @param password   密碼明文
     * @param salt       加鹽
     * @param iterations 迭代次數
     * @return
     */
    public static String encode(String password, String salt, int iterations) {
        // returns hashed password, along with algorithm, number of iterations and salt
        String hash = getEncodedHash(password, salt, iterations);
        return String.format("%s$%d$%s$%s", algorithm, iterations, salt, hash);
    }

    /**
     * 驗證密碼
     * @param password       明文
     * @param hashedPassword 密文
     * @return
     */
    public static boolean verification(String password, String hashedPassword) {
        //hashedPassword = 演算法名稱+迭代次數+鹽值+密文;
        String[] parts = hashedPassword.split("\\$");
        if (parts.length != 4) {
            return false;
        }
        //解析得到迭代次數和鹽值進行鹽值
        Integer iterations = Integer.parseInt(parts[1]);
        String salt = parts[2];
        String hash = encode(password, salt, iterations);
        return hash.equals(hashedPassword);
    }
}

Test測試類：通過密碼和密文，驗證Python密文是否和Java的一樣

package com.huangtu.test;

import java.io.IOException;

public class TestCode {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {

        //獲取密文（密碼加鹽）
        String salt = Pbkdf2Sha256.encode("123456");
        System.out.println("salt===" + salt);
        boolean verification = Pbkdf2Sha256.verification("123456", salt);
        System.out.println(verification);

        /**
         * Python生成的密碼和密文
         * 123456
         * pbkdf2&sha256$30000$UaNFcHyg$1b2ae7dd474ed8ba868e310a6e1af3b28f0cda0b3982d1aeb80bbf28d75bc3bf
         * pbkdf2&sha256$30000$PIlXVW8S$c4b6f2710cab9911a5098975b7cd7f41b113b6add2b7a4a76360f218a475b2ad
         */
        String oldPassword1 = "pbkdf2&sha256$30000$UaNFcHyg$1b2ae7dd474ed8ba868e310a6e1af3b28f0cda0b3982d1aeb80bbf28d75bc3bf";
        String oldPassword2 = "pbkdf2&sha256$30000$PIlXVW8S$c4b6f2710cab9911a5098975b7cd7f41b113b6add2b7a4a76360f218a475b2ad";
        boolean verification1 = Pbkdf2Sha256.verification("123456", oldPassword1);
        boolean verification2 = Pbkdf2Sha256.verification("123456", oldPassword2);
        System.out.println(verification1);
        System.out.println(verification2);


        /**
         * Python生成的密碼和密文
         * qdwdqwd4q5678123FF..
         * pbkdf2&sha256$30000$DjfyzQJd$f85391e1dd4a73cd9158845688a332779f5bd566e3dcc494022b5018235bdd1b
         * pbkdf2&sha256$30000$9WkXOXkn$147498306e8b6fd23661f2f8d5169bed28d8636fb64cf3ca56d549f0e5bb66fd
         * pbkdf2&sha256$30000$gB3LTNFA$85cfd2100afea42ea33a104d876b9ee0d2ba9941e26ae492593f01b52acea1b0
         */
        String oldPassword4 = "pbkdf2&sha256$30000$DjfyzQJd$f85391e1dd4a73cd9158845688a332779f5bd566e3dcc494022b5018235bdd1b";
        String oldPassword5 = "pbkdf2&sha256$30000$9WkXOXkn$147498306e8b6fd23661f2f8d5169bed28d8636fb64cf3ca56d549f0e5bb66fd";
        String oldPassword6 = "pbkdf2&sha256$30000$gB3LTNFA$85cfd2100afea42ea33a104d876b9ee0d2ba9941e26ae492593f01b52acea1b0";
        boolean verification4 = Pbkdf2Sha256.verification("qdwdqwd4q5678123FF..", oldPassword4);
        boolean verification5 = Pbkdf2Sha256.verification("qdwdqwd4q5678123FF..", oldPassword5);
        boolean verification6 = Pbkdf2Sha256.verification("qdwdqwd4q5678123FF..", oldPassword6);
        System.out.println(verification4);
        System.out.println(verification5);
        System.out.println(verification6);


        /**
         * Python生成的密碼和密文
         * admin123456
         * pbkdf2&sha256$30000$SzNgPdzz$50f22e207abec8e837bce97642a46f965f19d992217d7df9be496700b286345d
         * pbkdf2&sha256$30000$VzmO4yOZ$71891148cfbdd9103aaa511d20dc52431c8947ce4a00d89708231ec76053f6f3
         * pbkdf2&sha256$30000$3xuRb8AR$6bff0310fd35c88572633b00d36e9039fef3e68c6e37b14204958946e8738e93
         */
        String oldPassword7 = "pbkdf2&sha256$30000$SzNgPdzz$50f22e207abec8e837bce97642a46f965f19d992217d7df9be496700b286345d";
        String oldPassword8 = "pbkdf2&sha256$30000$VzmO4yOZ$71891148cfbdd9103aaa511d20dc52431c8947ce4a00d89708231ec76053f6f3";
        String oldPassword9 = "pbkdf2&sha256$30000$3xuRb8AR$6bff0310fd35c88572633b00d36e9039fef3e68c6e37b14204958946e8738e93";
        boolean verification7 = Pbkdf2Sha256.verification("admin123456", oldPassword7);
        boolean verification8 = Pbkdf2Sha256.verification("admin123456", oldPassword8);
        boolean verification9 = Pbkdf2Sha256.verification("admin123456", oldPassword9);
        System.out.println(verification7);
        System.out.println(verification8);
        System.out.println(verification9);
    }
}

通過測試，使用者在python註冊加密密碼後得到密文，即密碼，在java以相同的方式去加密，然後對兩個密文進行對比，相同則是密碼一致，否則不一致

最後，希望對大家有所幫助！

參考網址