環境:ubuntu-16.0.4；jdk1.8.0_111;apache-hadoop-2.7.3;apache-hive-2.1.1。

這裡只記錄Hive的安裝。Hive只需要安裝到一個節點上即可。我這裡是裝在Namenode上的。

首先從官網上下載所需要的版本，本人下載的apache-hive-2.1.1-bin.tar.gz。放到使用者主目錄下面。

（1）解壓：

         $tar -zxvf apache-hive-2.1.1-bin.tar.gz

（2）進入到conf目錄:

         $cd apache-hive-2.1.1-bin/bin/conf

         $ls

         會看到有下面這些檔案：

beeline-log4j2.properties.template  hive-exec-log4j2.properties.template  llap-cli-log4j2.properties.template
hive-default.xml.template           hive-log4j2.properties.template       llap-daemon-log4j2.properties.template
hive-env.sh.template                ivysettings.xml                       parquet-logging.properties

              然後在conf路徑下，執行以下幾個命令

             $cp hive-default.xml.template hive-default.xml

             $cp hive-env.sh.template hive-env.sh

             $cp hive-default.xml hive-site.xml

（3）新增mysql驅動：

         下載mysql-connector-java-x.y.z-bin.jar檔案並放到apache-hive-2.1.1-bin/lib目錄下面。

（4）設定路徑及環境變數：

          $sudo mv apache-hive-2.1.1-bin /usr/local/

          新增HIVE_HOME。

          source /etc/profile

（5）修改hive-site.xml及hive-env.sh相關配置

         將hive-site.xml檔案中的內容修改為如下所示：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
<configuration>
    <property>
        <name>hive.querylog.location</name>
        <value>/user/hivetmp</value>
        <description>Location of Hive run time structured log file</description>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>hive.metastore.warehouse.dir</name>
        <value>/user/hive</value>
    </property>
    <property>  
        <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>  
        <value>jdbc:mysql://192.168.244.3:3306/hive?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true&useSSL=false&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8</value>  
        <description>JDBC connect string for a JDBC metastore</description>      
    </property>     
    <property>   
        <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name>   
        <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>   
        <description>Driver class name for a JDBC metastore</description>       
    </property>                 
  
    <property>   
        <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name>  
        <value>hive</value>  
        <description>username to use against metastore database</description>  
    </property>  
    <property>    
        <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name>  
        <value>123456</value>  
        <description>password to use against metastore database</description>    
    </property> 
    
    <property>  
        <name>hive.metastore.uris</name>  
        <value>thrift://192.168.244.3:9083</value>      
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>hive.metastore.local</name>
        <value>false</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>hive.cli.print.header</name>
        <value>true</value>
    </property>


</configuration>

          將hive-env.sh檔案修改為如下所示：

# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
# distributed with this work for additional information
# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

# Set Hive and Hadoop environment variables here. These variables can be used
# to control the execution of Hive. It should be used by admins to configure
# the Hive installation (so that users do not have to set environment variables
# or set command line parameters to get correct behavior).
#
# The hive service being invoked (CLI/HWI etc.) is available via the environment
# variable SERVICE


# Hive Client memory usage can be an issue if a large number of clients
# are running at the same time. The flags below have been useful in 
# reducing memory usage:
#
# if [ "$SERVICE" = "cli" ]; then
#   if [ -z "$DEBUG" ]; then
#     export HADOOP_OPTS="$HADOOP_OPTS -XX:NewRatio=12 -Xms10m -XX:MaxHeapFreeRatio=40 -XX:MinHeapFreeRatio=15 -XX:+UseParNewGC -XX:-UseGCOverheadLimit"
#   else
#     export HADOOP_OPTS="$HADOOP_OPTS -XX:NewRatio=12 -Xms10m -XX:MaxHeapFreeRatio=40 -XX:MinHeapFreeRatio=15 -XX:-UseGCOverheadLimit"
#   fi
# fi

# The heap size of the jvm stared by hive shell script can be controlled via:
#
# export HADOOP_HEAPSIZE=1024
 export HADOOP_HEAPSIZE=1024
#
# Larger heap size may be required when running queries over large number of files or partitions. 
# By default hive shell scripts use a heap size of 256 (MB).  Larger heap size would also be 
# appropriate for hive server (hwi etc).


# Set HADOOP_HOME to point to a specific hadoop install directory
# HADOOP_HOME=${bin}/../../hadoop
 HADOOP_HOME=/usr/local/hadoop  #這裡設定成自己的hadoop路徑
# Hive Configuration Directory can be controlled by:
# export HIVE_CONF_DIR=
 export HIVE_CONF_DIR=/usr/local/apache-hive-2.1.1-bin/conf
# Folder containing extra ibraries required for hive compilation/execution can be controlled by:
# export HIVE_AUX_JARS_PATH=
export HIVE_AUX_JARS_PATH=/usr/local/apache-hive-2.1.1-bin/lib

 （6）在mysql裡建立hive使用者，並賦予其足夠許可權

       1.$mysql -u root -p

       2.mysql> create user 'hive' identified by '123456';
          Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)


         mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'hive' with grant option;
         Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)


         mysql> flush privileges;
         Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

    （7）設定元資料庫

        $schematool -initSchema -dbType mysql

       看到有completed提示，即設定元資料庫成功。

     （8）修改日誌存放位置

       日誌分為系統日誌與Job日誌，Job日誌在hive-sitel.xml的hive.querylog.location屬性已經配置，現在只需要配置系統日誌即可。

        在conf目錄下，有個hive-log4j2.properties.template檔案，執行命令

        cp hive-log4j2.properties.template hive-log4j2.properties複製一份。

        然後修改hive-log4j2.properties中的

        property.hive.log.dir =你想要的路徑

完成以上配置後，這個時候，節點需要啟動metastore服務：

$hive --service metastore &

如果一直沒反應，按回車，可以使用jobs命令檢視是否啟動成功

啟動成功後，就可以執行hive命令。