Python-opencv3 特徵匹配match和drawMatches的使用
阿新 • • 發佈:2019-02-08
The result of matches = bf.match(des1,des2) line is a list of DMatch objects. This DMatch object has following attributes:
DMatch.distance - Distance between descriptors. The lower, the better it is.
DMatch.trainIdx - Index of the descriptor in train descriptors
DMatch.queryIdx - Index of the descriptor in query descriptors
DMatch.imgIdx - Index of the train image.
import cv2
img1 = cv2.imread('s1.jpg') # queryImage
img2 = cv2.imread('s2.jpg') # trainImage
#%% BF+ORB method
def BF_ORB():
# Initiate ORB detector
orb = cv2.ORB_create()
# find the keypoints and descriptors with SIFT
kp1, des1 = orb.detectAndCompute(img1,None)
kp2, des2 = orb.detectAndCompute(img2,None)
# create BFMatcher object
bf = cv2.BFMatcher(cv2.NORM_HAMMING, crossCheck=True)
# Match descriptors.
matches = bf.match(des1,des2)
# Sort them in the order of their distance.
matches = sorted(matches, key = lambda x:x.distance)
# Draw first 10 matches.
img3 = cv2.drawMatches(img1,kp1,img2,kp2,matches[0:10], None,flags=2)
cv2.imshow('result.jpg',img3)
cv2.waitKey(0)
cv2.destroyAllWindows()
cv2.waitKey(1)
cv2.waitKey(1)
cv2.waitKey(1)
cv2.waitKey(1)
#%%BF+SIFT
def BF_SIFT():
# Initiate SIFT detector
sift = cv2.xfeatures2d.SIFT_create()
# find the keypoints and descriptors with SIFT
kp1, des1 = sift.detectAndCompute(img1,None)
kp2, des2 = sift.detectAndCompute(img2,None)
# BFMatcher with default params
bf = cv2.BFMatcher()
matches = bf.knnMatch(des1,des2, k=2)
# Apply ratio test
good = []
for m,n in matches:
if m.distance < 0.75*n.distance:
good.append([m])
# cv2.drawMatchesKnn expects list of lists as matches.
img3 = cv2.drawMatchesKnn(img1,kp1,img2,kp2,good[:10],None, flags=2)
cv2.imshow('result.jpg',img3)
cv2.waitKey(0)
cv2.destroyAllWindows()
cv2.waitKey(1)
cv2.waitKey(1)
cv2.waitKey(1)
cv2.waitKey(1)
def FLANN():
'''
FLANN stands for Fast Library for Approximate Nearest Neighbors.
It contains a collection of algorithms optimized for fast nearest
neighbor search in large datasets and for high dimensional features.
It works more faster than BFMatcher for large datasets.
We will see the second example with FLANN based matcher.
For FLANN based matcher, we need to pass two dictionaries which specifies
the algorithm to be used, its related parameters etc. First one is IndexParams.
For various algorithms, the information to be passed is explained
in FLANN docs. As a summary, for algorithms like SIFT, SURF etc.
you can pass following:
index_params = dict(algorithm = FLANN_INDEX_KDTREE, trees = 5)
While using ORB, you can pass the following. The commented values
are recommended as per the docs, but it didn't provide required results
in some cases. Other values worked fine:
index_params= dict(algorithm = FLANN_INDEX_LSH,
table_number = 6, # 12
key_size = 12, # 20
multi_probe_level = 1) #2
Second dictionary is the SearchParams. It specifies the number of
times the trees in the index should be recursively traversed.
Higher values gives better precision, but also takes more time.
If you want to change the value, pass search_params = dict(checks=100).
'''
sift = cv2.xfeatures2d.SIFT_create()
# find the keypoints and descriptors with SIFT
kp1, des1 = sift.detectAndCompute(img1,None)
kp2, des2 = sift.detectAndCompute(img2,None)
# FLANN parameters
FLANN_INDEX_KDTREE = 0
index_params = dict(algorithm = FLANN_INDEX_KDTREE, trees = 5)
search_params = dict(checks=50) # or pass empty dictionary
flann = cv2.FlannBasedMatcher(index_params,search_params)
matches = flann.knnMatch(des1,des2,k=2)
# Need to draw only good matches, so create a mask
matchesMask = [[0,0] for i in range(len(matches))]
# ratio test as per Lowe's paper
for i,(m,n) in enumerate(matches):
if m.distance < 0.7*n.distance:
matchesMask[i]=[1,0]
draw_params = dict(matchColor = (0,255,0),
singlePointColor = (255,0,0),
matchesMask = matchesMask,
flags = 0)
img3 = cv2.drawMatchesKnn(img1,kp1,img2,kp2,matches,None,**draw_params)
cv2.imshow('result.jpg',img3)
cv2.waitKey(0)
cv2.destroyAllWindows()
cv2.waitKey(1)
cv2.waitKey(1)
cv2.waitKey(1)
cv2.waitKey(1)
#%%
if __name__ == '__main__':
FLANN()