OpenWRT(七)字元裝置驅動開發
阿新 • • 發佈:2019-02-11
一、字元裝置驅動
我們之前學習過驅動程式的開發,接下來我們接著深入學習字元裝置驅動程式的開發。字元裝置驅動是比較簡單的一種驅動。主要在於實現init、exit、open、read、write等函式。
二、字元裝置驅動例項
1、在package/kernel/資料夾下新建一個chardrv資料夾
2、在chardrv資料夾下新建一個Makefile檔案,內容如下:
#
# Copyright (C) 2008 OpenWrt.org
#
# This is free software, licensed under the GNU General Public License v2.
# See /LICENSE for more information.
#
include $(TOPDIR)/rules.mk
include $(INCLUDE_DIR)/kernel.mk
PKG_NAME:=chardrv
PKG_RELEASE:=2
include $(INCLUDE_DIR)/package.mk
define KernelPackage/chardrv
SUBMENU:=Other modules
TITLE:=CharDrv
FILES:=$(PKG_BUILD_DIR)/chardrv.ko
KCONFIG:=
endef
define KernelPackage /chardrv/description
Kernel module for register chardrv.
endef
EXTRA_KCONFIG:= \
CONFIG_CHARDRV=m
EXTRA_CFLAGS:= \
$(patsubst CONFIG_%, -DCONFIG_%=1, $(patsubst %=m,%,$(filter %=m,$(EXTRA_KCONFIG)))) \
$(patsubst CONFIG_%, -DCONFIG_%=1, $(patsubst %=y,%,$(filter %=y,$(EXTRA_KCONFIG)))) \
MAKE_OPTS := \
ARCH="$(LINUX_KARCH)" \
CROSS_COMPILE="$(TARGET_CROSS)" \
SUBDIRS="$(PKG_BUILD_DIR)" \
EXTRA_CFLAGS="$(EXTRA_CFLAGS)" \
$(EXTRA_KCONFIG)
define Build/Prepare
mkdir -p $(PKG_BUILD_DIR)
$(CP) ./src/* $(PKG_BUILD_DIR)/
endef
define Build/Compile
$(MAKE) -C "$(LINUX_DIR)" \
$(MAKE_OPTS) \
modules
endef
$(eval $(call KernelPackage,chardrv))
3、在chardrv資料夾下新建一個src資料夾,在src下新建一個Makefile檔案,內容為:
obj-${CONFIG_CHARDRV} += chardrv.o
4、新建一個chardrv.c的驅動檔案,檔案內容為:
/*****************************
*
* 字元裝置驅動程式模板
*
*******************************/
#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/miscdevice.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/vmalloc.h>
#include <linux/mman.h>
#include <linux/random.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/raw.h>
#include <linux/tty.h>
#include <linux/capability.h>
#include <linux/ptrace.h>
#include <linux/device.h>
#include <linux/highmem.h>
#include <linux/crash_dump.h>
#include <linux/backing-dev.h>
#include <linux/bootmem.h>
#include <linux/splice.h>
#include <linux/pfn.h>
#include <linux/export.h>
#include <linux/io.h>
#include <linux/aio.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <asm/uaccess.h>
#include <linux/ioctl.h>
/**************** 基本定義 **********************/
//加密函式引數內容: _IOW(IOW_CHAR , IOW_NUMn , IOW_TYPE)
//加密函式用於chardrv_ioctl函式中
//使用舉例:ioctl(fd , _IOW('L',0x80,long) , 0x1);
//#define NUMn chardrv
#define IOW_CHAR 'L'
#define IOW_TYPE long
#define IOW_NUM1 0x80
//初始化函式必要資源定義
//用於初始化函式當中
//device number;
//裝置號
dev_t dev_num;
//struct dev
//字元裝置
struct cdev chardrv_cdev;
//auto "mknode /dev/chardrv c dev_num minor_num"
//自動建立裝置物件
struct class *chardrv_class = NULL;
struct device *chardrv_device = NULL;
/**************** 結構體 file_operations 成員函式 *****************/
//open
static int chardrv_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
printk("chardrv drive open...\n");
return 0;
}
//close
static int chardrv_close(struct inode *inode , struct file *file)
{
printk("chardrv drive close...\n");
return 0;
}
//read
static ssize_t chardrv_read(struct file *file, char __user *buffer,
size_t len, loff_t *pos)
{
int ret_v = 0;
printk("chardrv drive read...\n");
return ret_v;
}
//write
static ssize_t chardrv_write( struct file *file , const char __user *buffer,
size_t len , loff_t *offset )
{
int ret_v = 0;
printk("chardrv drive write...\n");
return ret_v;
}
//unlocked_ioctl
static int chardrv_ioctl (struct file *filp , unsigned int cmd , unsigned long arg)
{
int ret_v = 0;
printk("chardrv drive ioctl...\n");
switch(cmd)
{
//常規:
//cmd值自行進行修改
case 0x1:
{
if(arg == 0x1) //第二條件;
{
}
}
break;
//帶密碼保護:
//請在"基本定義"進行必要的定義
case _IOW(IOW_CHAR,IOW_NUM1,IOW_TYPE):
{
if(arg == 0x1) //第二條件
{
}
}
break;
default:
break;
}
return ret_v;
}
/***************** 結構體: file_operations ,該結構體將驅動中的函式和應用層函式關聯(例如當呼叫應用層呼叫open函式時就會呼叫驅動中的open函式)************************/
static const struct file_operations chardrv_fops = {
.owner = THIS_MODULE,
.open = chardrv_open,
.release = chardrv_close,
.read = chardrv_read,
.write = chardrv_write,
.unlocked_ioctl = chardrv_ioctl,
};
//使用insmod掛載驅動時回撥
static __init int chardrv_init(void)
{
int ret_v = 0;
printk("mydrv drive init...\n");
/*
函式alloc_chrdev_region主要引數說明:
引數1: 自動分配的裝置號
引數2: 次裝置號
引數3: 建立多少個裝置
*/
if( ( ret_v = alloc_chrdev_region(&dev_num,0,1,"chardrv") ) < 0 ) //為chardrv動態分配裝置號
{
goto dev_reg_error;
}
//列印主裝置號和次裝置號
printk("The drive info of chardrv:\nmajor: %d\nminor: %d\n",
MAJOR(dev_num),MINOR(dev_num));
//關聯裝置和操作函式
cdev_init(&chardrv_cdev,&chardrv_fops);
//註冊裝置
if( (ret_v = cdev_add(&chardrv_cdev,dev_num,1)) != 0 )
{
goto cdev_add_error;
}
//建立裝置類,用於自動建立裝置
chardrv_class = class_create(THIS_MODULE,"chardrv");
if( IS_ERR(chardrv_class) )
{
goto class_c_error;
}
//通過裝置類建立裝置
chardrv_device = device_create(chardrv_class,NULL,dev_num,NULL,"chardrv");
if( IS_ERR(chardrv_device) )
{
goto device_c_error;
}
printk("auto mknod success!\n");
//------------ 請在此新增您的初始化程式 --------------//
//如果需要做錯誤處理,請:goto mydrv_error;
//---------------------- END ---------------------------//
goto init_success;
dev_reg_error:
printk("alloc_chrdev_region failed\n");
return ret_v;
cdev_add_error:
printk("cdev_add failed\n");
unregister_chrdev_region(dev_num, 1);
return ret_v;
class_c_error:
printk("class_create failed\n");
cdev_del(&chardrv_cdev);
unregister_chrdev_region(dev_num, 1);
return PTR_ERR(chardrv_class);
device_c_error:
printk("device_create failed\n");
cdev_del(&chardrv_cdev);
unregister_chrdev_region(dev_num, 1);
class_destroy(chardrv_class);
return PTR_ERR(chardrv_device);
//------------------ 請在此新增您的錯誤處理內容 ----------------//
chardrv_error:
return -1;
//-------------------- END -------------------//
init_success:
printk("chardrv init success!\n");
return 0;
}
//使用rmmod解除安裝驅動是回撥該函式
static __exit void chardrv_exit(void)
{
printk("chardrv drive exit...\n");
//釋放初始化使用到的資源;
cdev_del(&chardrv_cdev);
unregister_chrdev_region(dev_num, 1);
device_unregister(chardrv_device);
class_destroy(chardrv_class);
}
/**************** module operations**********************/
//宣告載入函式和解除安裝函式
module_init(chardrv_init);
module_exit(chardrv_exit);
//some infomation
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL v2");
MODULE_AUTHOR("YANG");
/********************* The End ***************************/
5、最後就是編譯了,和上一節一樣進行編譯就OK了!