Spring Boot 入門(十二):報表匯出,對比poi、jxl和esayExcel的效率
本片部落格是緊接著Spring Boot 入門(十一):整合 WebSocket, 實時顯示系統日誌寫的
關於poi、jxl和esayExcel的介紹自行百度。
- jxl最多支援03版excel,所以單個sheet頁面最多隻能匯出65536條資料。
- 我直接將excel匯入到瀏覽器並開啟,以下統計匯出時長指將資料從資料庫查詢,並寫入到excel的過程。不包括開啟excel所消耗的時間
- 為了接近真實場景,我建了一個表,一共有32個欄位,其中2個id:一個自增長、一個UUID,10個int型欄位,10個String欄位,10個datatime欄位;匯出的excel包含了32個欄位
- 我每次匯出一個excel後,直接將jvm的記憶體清空,再進行下一個excel的匯出,保證匯出excel不受其它執行緒的影響
- 我只是為了比較效能,所以沒有對excel的樣式進行過多的渲染
- poi方式,我使用的是重新整理硬碟的方式,資料量大於設定的值,就將記憶體中的資料重新整理到硬碟,降低OOM的概率,同時也增加了匯出效率
1.pom依賴
以下是poi、jxl和esayExcel的全部依賴
1 <!--begin poi--> 2 <dependency> 3 <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId> 4 <artifactId>poi</artifactId> 5 <version>${poi.version}</version> 6 </dependency> 7 8 <dependency> 9 <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId> 10 <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId> 11 <version>${poi.version}</version> 12 </dependency> 13 <!--end poi--> 14 <!--begin jxl--> 15 <dependency> 16 <groupId>net.sourceforge.jexcelapi</groupId> 17 <artifactId>jxl</artifactId> 18 <version>2.6.10</version> 19 </dependency> 20 <!--end jxl--> 21 <!--begin esayExcel--> 22 <dependency> 23 <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> 24 <artifactId>easyexcel</artifactId> 25 <version>1.1.2-beat1</version> 26 </dependency> 27 <!--end esayExcel-->
2.頁面
由於是直接將excel通過response相應的方式寫入到記憶體,然後在瀏覽器端開啟,所以頁面部分不能用ajax請求
1 <form class="form-horizontal"> 2 <div class="form-group clearfix"> 3 <button type="button" onclick="report_poi();" class="btn btn-sm btn-warning">poi匯出</button> 4 <button type="button" onclick="report_jxl();" class="btn btn-sm btn-danger">jxl匯出</button> 5 <button type="button" onclick="report_esay_excel();" class="btn btn-sm btn-primary">esayExcel匯出</button> 6 </div> 7 </form>
1 function report_poi() { 2 window.location.href = "/conf/report/reportPoi"; 3 } 4 5 function report_jxl() { 6 window.location.href = "/conf/report/reportJxl"; 7 } 8 9 function report_esay_excel() { 10 window.location.href = "/conf/report/reportEsayExcel"; 11 }
3.後臺
在類中定義了一個常量,表示excel的表頭
1 // 報表的title 2 private static final String[] title = {"id", "報表id" 3 , "col1", "col2", "col3", "col4", "col5", "col6", "col7", "col8", "col9", "col10" 4 , "col11", "col12", "col13", "col14", "col15", "col16", "col17", "col18", "col19", "col20" 5 , "col21", "col22", "col23", "col24", "col25", "col26", "col27", "col28", "col29", "col30"};
(1)poi相關的後臺程式碼
1 @Log("poi匯出報表") 2 @RequestMapping(value = "/reportPoi", method = RequestMethod.GET) 3 @ResponseBody 4 public String reportPoi(HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception { 5 //excel檔名 6 log.info("poi方式開始匯出資料"); 7 response.reset();// 清空輸出流 8 response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=poi.xlsx"); 9 response.setContentType("application/octet-stream;charset=UTF-8"); 10 response.addHeader("Pargam", "no-cache"); 11 response.addHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache"); 12 //sheet頁中的行數,行數資料; 13 List<Report> list = reportService.getAllDate(); 14 long start = System.currentTimeMillis(); 15 // 開始匯出excel 16 SXSSFWorkbook wb = new SXSSFWorkbook(1000); 17 SXSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("poi"); 18 CellStyle style = wb.createCellStyle(); 19 style.setWrapText(true); 20 Row row = sheet.createRow(0); 21 Cell cell = null; 22 for (int i = 0; i < title.length; i++) { 23 cell = row.createCell(i); 24 cell.setCellValue(title[i]); 25 cell.setCellStyle(style); 26 } 27 for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) { 28 Report report = list.get(i); 29 row = sheet.createRow(i + 1); 30 row.createCell(0).setCellValue(report.getId()); 31 row.createCell(1).setCellValue(report.getReportId()); 32 row.createCell(2).setCellValue(report.getCol1()); 33 row.createCell(3).setCellValue(report.getCol2()); 34 row.createCell(4).setCellValue(report.getCol3()); 35 row.createCell(5).setCellValue(report.getCol4()); 36 row.createCell(6).setCellValue(report.getCol5()); 37 row.createCell(7).setCellValue(report.getCol6()); 38 row.createCell(8).setCellValue(report.getCol7()); 39 row.createCell(9).setCellValue(report.getCol8()); 40 row.createCell(10).setCellValue(report.getCol9()); 41 row.createCell(11).setCellValue(report.getCol10()); 42 row.createCell(12).setCellValue(report.getCol11()); 43 row.createCell(13).setCellValue(report.getCol12()); 44 row.createCell(14).setCellValue(report.getCol13()); 45 row.createCell(15).setCellValue(report.getCol14()); 46 row.createCell(16).setCellValue(report.getCol15()); 47 row.createCell(17).setCellValue(report.getCol16()); 48 row.createCell(18).setCellValue(report.getCol17()); 49 row.createCell(19).setCellValue(report.getCol18()); 50 row.createCell(20).setCellValue(report.getCol19()); 51 row.createCell(21).setCellValue(report.getCol20()); 52 row.createCell(22).setCellValue(report.getCol21()); 53 row.createCell(23).setCellValue(report.getCol22()); 54 row.createCell(24).setCellValue(report.getCol23()); 55 row.createCell(25).setCellValue(report.getCol24()); 56 row.createCell(26).setCellValue(report.getCol25()); 57 row.createCell(27).setCellValue(report.getCol26()); 58 row.createCell(28).setCellValue(report.getCol27()); 59 row.createCell(29).setCellValue(report.getCol28()); 60 row.createCell(30).setCellValue(report.getCol29()); 61 row.createCell(31).setCellValue(report.getCol30()); 62 63 } 64 long millis = System.currentTimeMillis() - start; 65 OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream(); 66 wb.write(os); 67 os.flush(); 68 os.close(); 69 wb.dispose(); 70 log.info("POI匯出報表,資料量:{},時間:{}ms", list.size(), millis); 71 return ""; 72 }
(2)jxl相關後臺程式碼
1 @Log("jxl匯出報表") 2 @RequestMapping(value = "/reportJxl") 3 @ResponseBody 4 public String reportJxl(HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception { 5 log.info("jxl方式開始匯出資料"); 6 try { 7 long start = System.currentTimeMillis(); 8 OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream();// 取得輸出流 9 response.reset();// 清空輸出流 10 response.setHeader("Content-disposition", "attachment; filename=" + java.net.URLEncoder.encode("jxl", "UTF-8") + "Excel.xlsx");// 設定輸出檔案頭 11 response.setContentType("application/msexcel");// 定義輸出型別 12 WritableWorkbook workbook = jxl.Workbook.createWorkbook(os); // 建立excel檔案 13 WritableSheet sheet1 = workbook.createSheet("jxl", 0);//第一個sheet名 14 // 通過函式WritableFont()設定字型樣式 15 // 第一個引數表示所選字型 16 // 第二個引數表示字型大小 17 // 第三個引數表示粗體樣式,有BOLD和NORMAL兩種樣式 18 // 第四個引數表示是否斜體 19 // 第五個引數表示下劃線樣式 20 // 第六個引數表示顏色樣式 21 WritableFont wf = new WritableFont(WritableFont.TIMES, 16, WritableFont.BOLD, false, UnderlineStyle.NO_UNDERLINE, Colour.BLACK); 22 CellFormat cf = new WritableCellFormat(wf); 23 // 設定表頭 24 for (int i = 0; i < title.length; i++) { 25 sheet1.addCell(new Label(i, 0, title[i], cf)); 26 } 27 List<Report> list = reportService.getAllDate(); 28 //根據內容自動設定列寬(內容為英文時) 29 // 生成主體內容 30 for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) { 31 Report report = list.get(i); 32 sheet1.addCell(new Label(0, i + 1, report.getId().toString())); 33 sheet1.addCell(new Label(1, i + 1, report.getReportId())); 34 sheet1.addCell(new Label(2, i + 1, report.getCol1().toString())); 35 sheet1.addCell(new Label(3, i + 1, report.getCol2().toString())); 36 sheet1.addCell(new Label(4, i + 1, report.getCol3().toString())); 37 sheet1.addCell(new Label(5, i + 1, report.getCol4().toString())); 38 sheet1.addCell(new Label(6, i + 1, report.getCol5().toString())); 39 sheet1.addCell(new Label(7, i + 1, report.getCol6().toString())); 40 sheet1.addCell(new Label(8, i + 1, report.getCol7().toString())); 41 sheet1.addCell(new Label(9, i + 1, report.getCol8().toString())); 42 sheet1.addCell(new Label(10, i + 1, report.getCol9().toString())); 43 sheet1.addCell(new Label(11, i + 1, report.getCol10().toString())); 44 sheet1.addCell(new Label(12, i + 1, report.getCol11())); 45 sheet1.addCell(new Label(13, i + 1, report.getCol12())); 46 sheet1.addCell(new Label(14, i + 1, report.getCol13())); 47 sheet1.addCell(new Label(15, i + 1, report.getCol14())); 48 sheet1.addCell(new Label(16, i + 1, report.getCol15())); 49 sheet1.addCell(new Label(17, i + 1, report.getCol16())); 50 sheet1.addCell(new Label(18, i + 1, report.getCol17())); 51 sheet1.addCell(new Label(19, i + 1, report.getCol18())); 52 sheet1.addCell(new Label(20, i + 1, report.getCol19())); 53 sheet1.addCell(new Label(21, i + 1, report.getCol20())); 54 sheet1.addCell(new Label(22, i + 1, report.getCol21().toString())); 55 sheet1.addCell(new Label(23, i + 1, report.getCol22().toString())); 56 sheet1.addCell(new Label(24, i + 1, report.getCol23().toString())); 57 sheet1.addCell(new Label(25, i + 1, report.getCol24().toString())); 58 sheet1.addCell(new Label(26, i + 1, report.getCol25().toString())); 59 sheet1.addCell(new Label(27, i + 1, report.getCol26().toString())); 60 sheet1.addCell(new Label(28, i + 1, report.getCol27().toString())); 61 sheet1.addCell(new Label(29, i + 1, report.getCol28().toString())); 62 sheet1.addCell(new Label(30, i + 1, report.getCol29().toString())); 63 sheet1.addCell(new Label(31, i + 1, report.getCol30().toString())); 64 } 65 workbook.write(); // 寫入檔案 66 workbook.close(); 67 os.close(); // 關閉流 68 long millis = System.currentTimeMillis() - start; 69 log.info("jxl匯出報表,資料量:{},時間:{}ms", list.size(), millis); 70 } catch (Exception e) { 71 log.error("jxl匯出報表報錯", e); 72 } 73 return ""; 74 }
(3)esayExcel相關後臺程式碼
1 @Log("esayExcel匯出報表") 2 @RequestMapping(value = "/reportEsayExcel") 3 @ResponseBody 4 public String reportEsayExcel(HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception { 5 log.info("esayExcel方式開始匯出資料"); 6 long start = System.currentTimeMillis(); 7 8 try { 9 ExcelWriter writer = null; 10 OutputStream outputStream = response.getOutputStream(); 11 //新增響應頭資訊 12 response.setHeader("Content-disposition", "attachment; filename= esayExcel.xlsx"); 13 response.setContentType("application/msexcel;charset=UTF-8");//設定型別 14 response.setHeader("Pragma", "No-cache");//設定頭 15 response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");//設定頭 16 response.setDateHeader("Expires", 0);//設定日期頭 17 18 //例項化 ExcelWriter 19 writer = new ExcelWriter(outputStream, ExcelTypeEnum.XLSX, true); 20 21 //例項化表單 22 Sheet sheet = new Sheet(1, 0, Report.class); 23 sheet.setSheetName("esayExcel"); 24 25 //獲取資料 26 List<Report> list = reportService.getAllDate(); 27 28 //輸出 29 writer.write(list, sheet); 30 writer.finish(); 31 outputStream.flush(); 32 long millis = System.currentTimeMillis() - start; 33 log.info("sayExcel匯出報表,資料量:{},時間:{}ms", list.size(), millis); 34 } catch (IOException e) { 35 log.error("esayExcel匯出excel報錯", e); 36 } finally { 37 try { 38 response.getOutputStream().close(); 39 } catch (IOException e) { 40 log.error("esayExcel關閉資源", e); 41 } 42 } 43 return ""; 44 }
1 package com.learn.hello.system.common.listener; 2 3 import com.alibaba.excel.context.AnalysisContext; 4 import com.alibaba.excel.event.AnalysisEventListener; 5 import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j; 6 import org.apache.poi.ss.formula.functions.T; 7 8 import java.util.ArrayList; 9 import java.util.List; 10 11 /** 12 * @ClassName ExcelListener 13 * @Deccription 通過esayExcel的方式匯出excel 14 * @Author DZ 15 * @Date 2020/1/20 22:28 16 **/ 17 @Slf4j 18 public class ExcelListener extends AnalysisEventListener<T> { 19 //可以通過例項獲取該值 20 private final List<T> rows = new ArrayList<>(); 21 22 @Override 23 public void invoke(T object, AnalysisContext analysisContext) { 24 //資料儲存到list,供批量處理,或後續自己業務邏輯處理。 25 rows.add(object); 26 } 27 28 @Override 29 public void doAfterAllAnalysed(AnalysisContext analysisContext) { 30 } 31 32 public List<T> getRows() { 33 return rows; 34 } 35 }
ExcelListener 這個類中還可以做很多工作,比喻在doAfterAllAnalysed中做一些銷燬工作,日誌記錄等。在invoke中做一些業務相關的工作,或者對rows進行遍歷處理
實體類:
1 package com.learn.hello.modules.entity; 2 3 import com.alibaba.excel.annotation.ExcelProperty; 4 import com.alibaba.excel.metadata.BaseRowModel; 5 import lombok.Data; 6 7 import javax.persistence.*; 8 import java.util.Date; 9 10 @Data 11 @Table(name = "t_report") 12 public class Report extends BaseRowModel { 13 @ExcelProperty(value = "id", index = 0) 14 @Id 15 @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY) 16 private Integer id; 17 18 /** 19 * 報表id 20 */ 21 @ExcelProperty(value = "報表id", index = 1) 22 @Column(name = "report_id") 23 private String reportId; 24 25 @ExcelProperty(value = "col1", index = 2) 26 private Integer col1; 27 28 @ExcelProperty(value = "col2", index = 3) 29 private Integer col2; 30 31 @ExcelProperty(value = "col3", index = 4) 32 private Integer col3; 33 34 @ExcelProperty(value = "col4", index = 5) 35 private Integer col4; 36 37 @ExcelProperty(value = "col5", index = 6) 38 private Integer col5; 39 40 @ExcelProperty(value = "col6", index = 7) 41 private Integer col6; 42 43 @ExcelProperty(value = "col7", index = 8) 44 private Integer col7; 45 46 @ExcelProperty(value = "col8", index = 9) 47 private Integer col8; 48 49 @ExcelProperty(value = "col9", index = 10) 50 private Integer col9; 51 52 @ExcelProperty(value = "col10", index = 11) 53 private Integer col10; 54 55 @ExcelProperty(value = "col11", index = 12) 56 private String col11; 57 58 @ExcelProperty(value = "col12", index = 13) 59 private String col12; 60 61 @ExcelProperty(value = "col13", index = 14) 62 private String col13; 63 64 @ExcelProperty(value = "col14", index = 15) 65 private String col14; 66 67 @ExcelProperty(value = "col15", index = 16) 68 private String col15; 69 70 @ExcelProperty(value = "col16", index = 17) 71 private String col16; 72 73 @ExcelProperty(value = "col17", index = 18) 74 private String col17; 75 76 @ExcelProperty(value = "col18", index = 19) 77 private String col18; 78 79 @ExcelProperty(value = "col19", index = 20) 80 private String col19; 81 82 @ExcelProperty(value = "col20", index = 21) 83 private String col20; 84 85 @ExcelProperty(value = "col21", index = 22) 86 private Date col21; 87 88 @ExcelProperty(value = "col22", index = 23) 89 private Date col22; 90 91 @ExcelProperty(value = "col23", index = 24) 92 private Date col23; 93 94 @ExcelProperty(value = "col24", index = 25) 95 private Date col24; 96 97 @ExcelProperty(value = "col25", index = 26) 98 private Date col25; 99 100 @ExcelProperty(value = "col26", index = 27) 101 private Date col26; 102 103 @ExcelProperty(value = "col27", index = 28) 104 private Date col27; 105 106 @ExcelProperty(value = "col28", index = 29) 107 private Date col28; 108 109 @ExcelProperty(value = "col29", index = 30) 110 private Date col29; 111 112 @ExcelProperty(value = "col30", index = 31) 113 private Date col30; 114 115 }
其中@ExcelProperty(value = "col30", index = 14)註解是給esayExcel'使用的,poi和jxl使用這個實體的時候,這行註解可以忽略
4.效能比較
以下是列印的日誌:由於jxl最多隻能匯出65536條資料,所以在70W條資料匯出的時候,就沒有jxl的相關耗時。此外,在匯出第80W條以及以後的資料的時候,我將jvm記憶體清空了,讓jvm以最佳的狀態匯出,所以60W到80W的時候,耗時並沒有增加多少
**************************************************idea打印出的日誌************************************************
POI匯出報表,資料量:10001,時間:752ms
jxl匯出報表,資料量:10001,時間:993ms
sayExcel匯出報表,資料量:10001,時間:2189ms
POI匯出報表,資料量:20001,時間:1527ms
jxl匯出報表,資料量:20001,時間:2447ms
sayExcel匯出報表,資料量:20001,時間:3481ms
POI匯出報表,資料量:30001,時間:1538ms
jxl匯出報表,資料量:30001,時間:2520ms
sayExcel匯出報表,資料量:30001,時間:5102ms
POI匯出報表,資料量:40001,時間:1892ms
jxl匯出報表,資料量:40001,時間:3549ms
sayExcel匯出報表,資料量:40001,時間:7523ms
POI匯出報表,資料量:50001,時間:2395ms
jxl匯出報表,資料量:50001,時間:4714ms
sayExcel匯出報表,資料量:50001,時間:8319ms
POI匯出報表,資料量:60001,時間:2860ms
jxl匯出報表,資料量:60001,時間:5255ms
sayExcel匯出報表,資料量:60001,時間:10197ms
POI匯出報表,資料量:70001,時間:3693ms
sayExcel匯出報表,資料量:70001,時間:11595ms
POI匯出報表,資料量:80001,時間:3843ms
sayExcel匯出報表,資料量:80001,時間:13928ms
POI匯出報表,資料量:90001,時間:4319ms
sayExcel匯出報表,資料量:90001,時間:14901ms
POI匯出報表,資料量:100001,時間:4943ms
sayExcel匯出報表,資料量:100001,時間:15962ms
POI匯出報表,資料量:200011,時間:11296ms
sayExcel匯出報表,資料量:200011,時間:33037ms
POI匯出報表,資料量:300011,時間:14947ms
sayExcel匯出報表,資料量:300011,時間:49748ms
POI匯出報表,資料量:400011,時間:19626ms
sayExcel匯出報表,資料量:400011,時間:66043ms
POI匯出報表,資料量:600011,時間:34418ms
sayExcel匯出報表,資料量:600011,時間:101819ms
POI匯出報表,資料量:800011,時間:38726ms
sayExcel匯出報表,資料量:800011,時間:135209ms
POI匯出報表,資料量:1000011,時間:47433ms
sayExcel匯出報表,資料量:1000011,時間:167676ms
**************************************************idea打印出的日誌************************************************
對上面的資料量取整,統計圖如下:
第一行為資料量,從3W到100W
第二到四行為匯出excel消耗的時間,單位為毫秒
其中縱座標為匯出時間,橫軸為匯出數量。
結論:
- 從時間上:poi>jxl>esayExcel
- 從程式碼簡潔程度上:esayExce>jxl>poi
- 從jvm記憶體消耗上,我監控的是最高峰的記憶體消耗量:3中方式都差不多(網上說esayExcel消耗記憶體很小,我真的沒看出來)
- jxl可以直接設定excel模板,所以對於複雜表頭的excel,jxl處理起來很方便(具體可以自行搜尋jxl 模板 匯出)
- esayExcel目前沒有提供較複雜的api,無法匯出較複雜的資料(二進位制圖片,音樂等)
如果對於表頭簡單,且資料量小於10W條資料的,推薦使用esayExcel該方式程式碼很簡潔,10W以下的匯出效率還行
如果小於60W條資料,表頭複雜建議使用jxl;表頭簡單,建立使用poi
如果大於60W條資料,選擇poi
poi方式處理程式碼繁瑣點,效能很好,不知道如何選擇,就直接使用poi,不會出錯
完整的專案和程式碼見:https://gitee.com/bald_dz/Springboot