1. 程式人生 > >python之rpc實現遠端運算斐波那契函式然後返回本地

python之rpc實現遠端運算斐波那契函式然後返回本地

RPC模式

發一條訊息到遠端機器去執行,然後吧執行結果返回,這種模式叫rpc(remote procedure call)

 


運用rpc之前要先了解RabbitMQ:python之RabbitMQ訊息佇列

然後我們用rpc模擬一個服務端和客戶端,實現客戶端傳送數字,服務端運算斐波那契函式,然後返回值給客戶端

具體看程式碼,裡面有註釋。


服務端

import pika
import time

#正常建立連線
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters(
    host='localhost'))

channel = connection.channel()

channel.queue_declare(queue='rpc_queue')


def fib(n):
    if n == 0:
        return 0
    elif n == 1:
        return 1
    else:
        return fib(n - 1) + fib(n - 2)


#收到訊息,執行命令,返回結果
def on_request(ch, method, props, body):
    n = int(body)   #收到body

    print("計算fib(%s)中..." % n)
    response = fib(n)   #處理得到結果

    ch.basic_publish(exchange='',
                     routing_key=props.reply_to,
                     properties=pika.BasicProperties(correlation_id= \
                                                         props.correlation_id), #返回了id
                     body=str(response))
    ch.basic_ack(delivery_tag=method.delivery_tag)  #確保任務完成了

# channel.basic_qos(prefetch_count=1)
channel.basic_consume(on_request, queue='rpc_queue')    #收訊息

print(" [x] Awaiting RPC requests")
channel.start_consuming()

客戶端

import pika
import uuid , time


class FibonacciRpcClient(object):
    def __init__(self):
        #初始化函式里正常連線pika
        self.connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters(
            host='localhost'))

        self.channel = self.connection.channel()

        result = self.channel.queue_declare(exclusive=True)
        self.callback_queue = result.method.queue   #返回的佇列

        self.channel.basic_consume(self.on_response, no_ack=True,
                                   queue=self.callback_queue)

    def on_response(self, ch, method, props, body):
        if self.corr_id == props.correlation_id:    #收到了返回的隨機字串,當返回的id和本地的id是一樣的,證明資料是對的
            self.response = body

    def call(self, n):
        self.response = None
        self.corr_id = str(uuid.uuid4())    #隨機字串id(有規則的字串,用於往返驗證是不是同機器傳送的訊息)
        self.channel.basic_publish(exchange='',
                                   routing_key='rpc_queue', #訊息佇列名稱
                                   properties=pika.BasicProperties(
                                       reply_to=self.callback_queue,    #讓伺服器端執行完後,吧結果返回到這個queue裡
                                       correlation_id=self.corr_id, #吧隨機的id發給伺服器端
                                   ),
                                   body=str(n))

        while self.response is None:
            self.connection.process_data_events()   #其實就是非阻塞版的start_consuming
            time.sleep(0.5)
        return int(self.response)


fibonacci_rpc = FibonacciRpcClient()

while True:
    print("請輸入要計算的fib n:")
    n = input()
    response = fibonacci_rpc.call(n)
    print("結果為%r" % response)