lattice繪圖工具
library(lattice)
data1 <- data.frame(x=seq(0,14),y=seq(3,17),z=rep(c("a","b","c"),times=5))
xyplot(y~x,data = data1)
| 引數 | 含義 |
|---|---|
| grid.pars | 網格圖形引數 |
| fontsize | 用於文字和符號兩個元件(每個元件都是數字標量)的列表 |
| clip | 面板和條帶兩個元件的列表(每個元件都有一個字串，“開”或“關”) |
show.settings()
lattice包通過顏色區分不同組別而不是形狀。
xyplot(y~x,groups = z,data = data1)
mysettings <- trellis.par.get()
mysettings$superpose.symbol$col <-"black"
mysettings$superpose.symbol$pch <-1:10
trellis.par.set(mysettings)
xyplot(y~x,groups = z,data = data1)
條件變數
graph_function(formula|v,data=,options)
如果條件變數為連續型，需要轉為離散型
xyplot(y~x|z,data = data1,layout=c(3,1))
面板函式
mypanel <- function(...){
panel.abline(a=1,b=1)
panel.xyplot(...)
}
xyplot(y~x|z,data = data1,layout=c(3,1),panel = mypanel)
分組變數
將不同水平的變數疊加到一起
densityplot(~mpg,data = mtcars,lty=1:2,col=1:2,lwd=2, groups = factor(am), main=list("MPG分佈",cex=1.5), xlab = "英里/加侖", key=list(column=2,space="bottom", title="型別(0=自動，1=手動)", text=list(levels(factor(mtcars$am))), lines=list(lty=1:2,col=1:2,lwd=2)))
頁面擺放
藉助plot函式的splite和position
graph1 <- xyplot(mpg~wt,data = mtcars,xlab = "重量",ylab = "英里/加侖")
displacement <- equal.count(mtcars$disp,number=3,overlap=0)
graph2 <- xyplot(mpg~wt|displacement,data= mtcars,layout=c(3,1),
xlab = "重量",ylab = "英里/加侖")
plot(graph1,split = c(1,1,2,1))
plot(graph2,split = c(2,1,2,1),newpage = FALSE)
plot(graph1,position = c(0,0,0.5,1)) #圖形左下、右上座標
plot(graph2,position = c(0.6,0.3,1,1),newpage = FALSE)
lattice包繪圖函式的常用引數
| 引數 | 含義 |
|---|---|
| x | 要繪製的物件 |
| data | x為表示式時，動用一個數據框 |
| allow.multiple | 對於Y1+Y2X/Z,TRUE時重疊繪製Y1X和Y2X，FALSE時繪製Y1+Y2X |
| outer | FALSE繪製疊加，TRUE不在一個面板顯示 |
| box.ratio | 內部矩形長寬比 |
| horizontal | 水平或者垂直 |
| panel | 面板函式 |
| aspect | 不同面板的寬高比 |
| groups | |
| auto.keys | 新增分組變數的圖例符號 |
| prepanel | |
| strip | |
| xlab,ylab | |
| scales | |
| subscripts | |
| subset | |
| xlim,ylim | |
| drop.unused.levels | |
| default.scales | |
| options |
barchart
trellis.par.get("axis.text")
trellis.par.set(list(axis.text = list(cex=1)))
barchart(Titanic,layout=c(4,1),auto.key=TRUE)
barchart(Titanic,layout=c(4,1),auto.key=TRUE,scales = list(x="free"))
barchart(Sex~Freq|Class+Age,data = as.data.frame(Titanic),groups=Survived,
stack=TRUE,layout=c(8,1),auto.key=TRUE,scales=list(x="free"))
barchart(Sex~Freq|Class+Age,data = as.data.frame(Titanic),groups=Survived,
stack=TRUE,layout=c(8,1),auto.key=list(title="Survived",columns=2),scales=list(x="free"))
點圖
dotplot(VADeaths,pch=1:4,col=1:4,main=list("死亡率",cex=1.5),
xlab="比率/千人",
key=list(column=4,text=list(colnames(VADeaths)),points=list(pch=1:4,col=1:4)))
dotplot(VADeaths,groups = FALSE,layout=c(1,4),aspect=0.5,origin=0,type=c(“p”,“h”))
直方圖
histogram(x,
data,
allow.multiple, outer = TRUE,
auto.key = FALSE,
aspect = “fill”,
panel = lattice.getOption(“panel.histogram”),
prepanel, scales, strip, groups,
xlab, xlim, ylab, ylim,
type = c(“percent”, “count”, “density”),
nint = if (is.factor(x)) nlevels(x)
else round(log2(length(x)) + 1),
endpoints = extend.limits(range(as.numeric(x),
finite = TRUE), prop = 0.04),
breaks,
equal.widths = TRUE,
drop.unused.levels =
lattice.getOption(“drop.unused.levels”),
…,
lattice.options = NULL,
default.scales = list(),
default.prepanel =
lattice.getOption(“prepanel.default.histogram”),
subscripts,
subset)
核密度圖
densityplot(x,
data,
allow.multiple = is.null(groups) || outer,
outer = !is.null(groups),
auto.key = FALSE,
aspect = “fill”,
panel = lattice.getOption(“panel.densityplot”),
prepanel, scales, strip, groups, weights,
xlab, xlim, ylab, ylim,
bw, adjust, kernel, window, width, give.Rkern,
n = 512, from, to, cut, na.rm,
drop.unused.levels =
lattice.getOption(“drop.unused.levels”),
…,
lattice.options = NULL,
default.scales = list(),
default.prepanel =
lattice.getOption(“prepanel.default.densityplot”),
subscripts,
subset)
帶狀圖
panel.stripplot(x, y, jitter.data = FALSE,
factor = 0.5, amount = NULL,
horizontal = TRUE, groups = NULL,
…,
identifier = “stripplot”)
Q-Q圖
根據理論分佈繪製樣本的分位數-分位數圖
qqmath(x,
data,
allow.multiple = is.null(groups) || outer,
outer = !is.null(groups),
distribution = qnorm,
f.value = NULL,
auto.key = FALSE,
aspect = “fill”,
panel = lattice.getOption(“panel.qqmath”),
prepanel = NULL,
scales, strip, groups,
xlab, xlim, ylab, ylim,
drop.unused.levels = lattice.getOption(“drop.unused.levels”),
…,
lattice.options = NULL,
default.scales = list(),
default.prepanel = lattice.getOption(“prepanel.default.qqmath”),
subscripts,
subset)
箱型圖
bwplot(x,
data,
allow.multiple = is.null(groups) || outer,
outer = FALSE,
auto.key = FALSE,
aspect = “fill”,
panel = lattice.getOption(“panel.bwplot”),
prepanel = NULL,
scales = list(),
strip = TRUE,
groups = NULL,
xlab,
xlim,
ylab,
ylim,
box.ratio = 1,
horizontal = NULL,
drop.unused.levels = lattice.getOption(“drop.unused.levels”),
…,
lattice.options = NULL,
default.scales,
default.prepanel = lattice.getOption(“prepanel.default.bwplot”),
subscripts = !is.null(groups),
subset = TRUE)
散點圖矩陣
splom(mtcars[c(1,3:7)],groups = mtcars$cyl,
pscales = 0 ,pch=1:3,col=1:3,
varnames = c("M","D","G","R","W","1/4"),
key=list(columns=3,title="數值",text=list(levels(factor(mtcars$cyl))),
points=list(pch=1:3,col=1:3)))
三維水平圖
data(Cars93,package = "MASS")
cor_car93 <- cor(Cars93[,!sapply(Cars93,is.factor)],use = "pair")
levelplot(cor_car93,scales=list(x=list(rot=90)))
三維等高線圖
contourplot(volcano,cuts=20,label=FALSE)
三維散點圖
parset <- list(axis.line = list(col="transparent"),clip=list(panel="off"))
cloud(Sepal.Length~Petal.Length*Petal.Width,data = iris,
cex=.8,pch=1:3,col=c("blue","green","red"),
groups = Species,screen=list(z=20,x=-70,y=0),
par.settings=parset,scales = list(col="black"),
key=list(title="種類",
column=3,
space="bottom",
text=list(levels(iris$Species)),
points=list(pch=1:3,col=c("blue","green","red"))))
三維曲面圖
wireframe(volcano,shade=TRUE,aspect = c(56/90,0.4),
light.source=c(10,0,10))
