1. 總體

1).A retired teacher is cleaning the fallen leaves in the yard. // 已經退休的 已經落在地上的 主動完成的意味

2).The terrified boy doesen‘t like fried eggs. // 受驚嚇的男孩 被炸的蛋 被動的意味

// 放在被修飾的名詞前

1. 作定語:簡化定語從句

1）The Town Hall completed in the 1930 was the most distinguished building then. // which/that was completed

2）Those affected

2.作狀語:簡化狀語從句 註意前後主語要一致

1) When/if water is heated, it changes into stream // Heated, it changes into stream

2) Though the brave solider was wounded, he continued to fight // Wounded, the brave solider continued to fight

練習：

if you exercise everyday, you will improve your health

Exercise everyday and you will improve your health

Exercising everyday, you will improve your health // 主動鍛煉

if these flowers are given better condition, these flowers will grow better

Given better condition, these flowers will grow better

Built in 1995, it was the oldest car

As he was exhausted by the journey, he soon felt asleep.

Exhausted by the journey, he soon felt asleep.

3.賓語補足語：標語

I heard my name called from behind

I considered thid problem setteld

I‘ll have my hair cut/ the fence mended

You shouldn‘t try to stand up if you are badly hurt // 表語

feel puzzled /get caughted / stay seated / become annoyed /look startled

done的時態語態

Seen from the hill, the city looks magnificent = When the city is seen from the hill, the city looks magnificent

Given more time, they will probably agree = if they are given more time, they will probably agree

英語----非謂語動詞done