寫在前面

Hi，我是新海，一個正在備戰的考研人。
最近需要進行大量的考研專項閱讀，於是萌生了一個翻譯計劃，準備翻譯1986——2018年所有閱讀，通過大量的閱讀訓練來熟悉考研單詞，短語以及語法，更深刻理解考研閱讀。

下面是我的第23篇，所有中文釋義，均是由本人整理翻譯，當然也有不夠完善的地方，歡迎大家評論補充。

Over the past decade, thousands of patents have seen granted for what are called business methods. Amazon.com received one for its “one-click” online payment system.
在過去的十年中，數以千計的專利被授予所謂的商業方法。Amazon.com收到了一個“一鍵式”線上支付系統。
Merrill Lynch got legal protection for an asset allocation strategy.
美林對資產配置策略有法律保護。
One inventor patented a technique for lifting a box.
一個發明家申請了一種提升箱子的技術。
Now the nation’s top patent court appears completely ready to scale back on business-method patents, which have been controversial ever since they were first authorized 10 years ago.
現在，美國最高專利法院似乎已經完全準備好縮減商業方法專利，這些專利自從10年前首次被授權以來就一直備受爭議。
In a move that has intellectual-property lawyers abuzz the U.S. court of Appeals for the federal circuit said it would use a particular case to conduct a broad review of business-method patents.
美國聯邦巡迴上訴法院(U.S.CourtofAppealofFederalCir.)表示，將利用一個特定案例對商業方法專利進行廣泛審查。
In re Bilski , as the case is known , is “a very big deal”, says Dennis’D. Crouch of the University of Missouri School of law.
密蘇里大學法學院的丹尼斯·D·克勞奇說，眾所周知，比爾斯基是“一件大事”。
It “has the potential to eliminate an entire class of patents.”
它“有可能消除整個專利類別。”
Curbs on business-method claims would be a dramatic about-face, because it was the federal circuit itself that introduced such patents with is 1998 decision in the so-called state Street Bank case, approving a patent on a way of pooling mutual-fund assets. That ruling produced an explosion in business-method patent filings, initially by emerging internet companies trying to stake out exclusive pinhts to specific types of online transactions.
對商業方法索賠的限制將是一個戲劇性的轉變，因為聯邦巡迴法院本身在1998年所謂的州立街頭銀行案件中採用了這種專利，批准了共同基金資產彙集方式的專利。這項裁決引發了商業方法專利申請的激增，最初是新興的網際網路公司試圖為特定型別的線上交易確定專屬品脫。
Later, move established companies raced to add such patents to their files, if only as a defensive move against rivals that might bent them to the punch.
後來，老牌公司競相將這些專利加入他們的檔案，如果僅僅是為了對付那些可能使他們陷入困境的競爭對手。
In 2005, IBM noted in a court filing that it had been issued more than 300 business-method patents despite the fact that it questioned the legal basis for granting them. Similarly, some Wall Street investment films armed themselves with patents for financial products, even as they took positions in court cases opposing the practice.
2005年，IBM在法庭申請中指出，儘管它質疑授予商業方法專利的法律依據，但它已經頒發了300多項商業方法專利。類似地，一些華爾街投資電影也為自己的金融產品申請了專利，即使他們在反對這種做法的法庭案件中擔任了職務。
The Bilski case involves a claimed patent on a method for hedging risk in the energy market. The Federal circuit issued an unusual order stating that the case would be heard by all 12 of the court’s judges, rather than a typical panel of three, and that one issue it wants to evaluate is weather it should” reconsider” its state street Bank ruling.
Bilski案涉及在能源市場對衝風險的方法的專利申請。聯邦巡迴法院釋出了一項不同尋常的命令，規定該案件將由法院所有12名法官審理，而不是由3名法官組成的典型小組，並且聯邦巡迴法院希望評估的一個問題是，它是否應該“重新考慮”其州立街道銀行的裁決。
The Federal Circuit’s action comes in the wake of a series of recent decisions by the supreme Count that has nurrowed the scope of protections for patent holders. Last April, for example the justices signaled that too many patents were being upheld for “inventions” that are obvious.
聯邦巡迴法院的行動是在最高法院最近做出一系列決定之後作出的，這些決定限制了專利持有者的保護範圍。例如，去年四月，法官們發出訊號，太多的專利被支援“發明”是顯而易見的。
The judges on the Federal circuit are “reacting to the anti-patient trend at the supreme court” ,says Harole C.wegner, a partend attorney and professor at aeorge Washington University Law School.
聯邦巡回法庭的法官們“正在對最高法院的反病人傾向作出反應”，華盛頓大學法學院副律師兼教授Harole C.wegner說。

重點詞彙

• thousands of數千的
• business methods營業手段
• online payment線上支付，網路支付
• Merrill Lynch美林證券
• legal protection法律保護
• asset allocation資產配置; 資產調配
• patent court專利法庭
• court of Appeals地區法院( Court of Appeal的名詞複數 )
• particular case特別情況，特例
• School of law法學院

寫在最後

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作者：新海
12月8日晚