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LINUX 看門狗

先要編寫看門狗程式program.sh,內容如:
#!/bin/bash

#注:本指令碼需要以超級使用者身份執行。

# 監測的時間間隔,秒計
INTERVAL=60

# 重啟時間間隔
INTERVALRESTART=1

#==================================================================

PROGRAME=program
THREADNUMS=1
LOG=/apps/server/monitor.log
#SYSDATE=$(date)

SYSBUILD=`/bin/cat /etc/redhat-release | /bin/awk '{print $5$7}'`

var="-emf"


case ${SYSBUILD} in
"7.3")
        var="-e"
        ;;
"8.0")
        var="-em"
        ;;
"AS3")
        var="-emf"
        ;;
esac


while true
do
   SYSDATE=$(date)


   nowps1=`ps $var | grep $PROGRAME | grep -v grep | wc -l`
   nowps1=`expr $nowps1`

   if [ $nowps1 -lt $THREADNUMS ]; then
        /bin/sh /apps/program.sh

        echo " " >> $LOG
        echo "*******************************************************" >> $LOG
        echo "Restart time:" $SYSDATE >> $LOG
        echo "---------- Program $PROGRAME restart ----------------" >> $LOG
        echo "*******************************************************" >> $LOG

        echo " "
   fi
sleep $INTERVAL

done

#-----------------------------------------------------------
exit 0

在檔案/etc/rc.local在其中增加一個啟動項,即在檔案末尾增加一條可執行語句(如:/bin/sh /apps/program.sh)
看門狗製作完畢。




看門狗在嵌入式系統開發中佔據重要的地位,管理系統的工作狀態。在這裡本人muge0913在參考別人的基礎上,實現了mini6410看門狗的移植。

在mini6410中看門狗驅動檔案為linux2.6.38/drivers/watchdog/s3c2410_wdt.c
在mini6410中linux系統預設看門狗是不開機啟動,但是我們可以向/dev/watchdog寫入資料來啟動或關閉看門狗。

如:echo 0 >/dev/watchdog

   echo這個命令啟動的作用是先開啟檔案,再寫入內容,然後關閉。也就是open->write->release。

一段時間後系統會自動重啟。

如果執行:

  echo 0 >/dev/watchdog

  echo V >/dev/watchdog

系統側不會重啟。

原因分析:

open函式:

static int s3c2410wdt_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
        if (test_and_set_bit(0, &open_lock))
                return -EBUSY;

        if (nowayout)
                __module_get(THIS_MODULE);

        expect_close = 0;

        /* start the timer */
        s3c2410wdt_start();
        return nonseekable_open(inode, file);
}

release函式:
static int s3c2410wdt_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
        /*
         * Shut off the timer.
         * Lock it in if it's a module and we set nowayout
         */

        if (expect_close == 42)
                s3c2410wdt_stop();
        else {
                dev_err(wdt_dev, "Unexpected close, not stopping watchdog\n");
                s3c2410wdt_keepalive();
        }
        expect_close = 0;
        clear_bit(0, &open_lock);
        return 0;
}

write函式:
static ssize_t s3c2410wdt_write(struct file *file, const char __user *data,
                                size_t len, loff_t *ppos)
{
        /*
         * Refresh the timer.
         */
        if (len) {
                if (!nowayout) {
                        size_t i;

                        /* In case it was set long ago */
                        expect_close = 0;

                        for (i = 0; i != len; i++) {
                                char c;

                                if (get_user(c, data + i))
                                        return -EFAULT;
                                if (c == 'V')
                                        expect_close = 42;
                        }
                }
                s3c2410wdt_keepalive();
        }
        return len;
}

  看門狗只能被一個程序開啟,開啟函式中先判斷了一下,然後啟動了看門狗;再看write函式,寫入的如果是V則允許關閉看門狗,如果不是V僅僅喂狗一次;最後是release函式,如果允許關閉則關閉看門狗,如果不允許關閉,列印"Unexpectedclose, not stoppingwatchdog",喂狗一次。此時看門狗並沒有關閉,所以系統會復位的,如果輸入V則看門狗被關閉,這樣系統就不復位了。

看門狗在mini6410上的移植過程:
首先配置:make menuconfig

在drivers/watchdog/s3c2410_wdt.c中進行修改:

#define CONFIG_S3C2410_WATCHDOG_ATBOOT (1)
#define CONFIG_S3C2410_WATCHDOG_DEFAULT_TIME (15)

注:

#define CONFIG_S3C2410_WATCHDOG_ATBOOT (0)//系統啟動時不開啟看門狗
#define CONFIG_S3C2410_WATCHDOG_DEFAULT_TIME (15)//復位時間

   設定成系統啟動就啟動看門狗,並且看門狗到期時間為15s。這樣系統復位後每15s系統就會復位一次,所以我們在使用者空間進行喂狗,驅動中的那個中斷函式是當看門狗作為定時器時用的,所以沒有實現喂狗,所以只能在使用者程式中喂狗,下面是原始碼:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <linux/watchdog.h>

int main(int argc, char **argv){
    int fd;
    fd = open("/dev/watchdog",O_RDONLY);
    if(fd < 0){
        perror("/dev/watchdog");
        return -1;
    }
    for(;;){
        ioctl(fd, WDIOC_KEEPALIVE);
        sleep(3);
    }
    close(fd);
    return 0;
}

編譯:
arm-linux-gcc wdt.c -o wdt

   把wdt拷貝到root-2.6.30.4/sbin/下,並修改root-2.6.38/etc/init.d/rcS檔案,新增wdt&這麼一句,讓系統啟動後這個應用程式在後臺執行。

#! /bin/sh

PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin:
runlevel=S
prevlevel=N
umask 022
export PATH runlevel prevlevel

#
# Trap CTRL-C &c only in this shell so we can interrupt subprocesses.
#
trap ":" INT QUIT TSTP
/bin/hostname FriendlyARM

[ -e /proc/1 ] || /bin/mount -n -t proc none /proc
[ -e /sys/class ] || /bin/mount -n -t sysfs none /sys
[ -e /dev/tty ] || /bin/mount -t ramfs none /dev
/bin/mount -n -t usbfs none /proc/bus/usb

echo /sbin/mdev > /proc/sys/kernel/hotplug
/sbin/mdev -s
/bin/hotplug
# mounting file system specified in /etc/fstab
mkdir -p /dev/pts
mkdir -p /dev/shm
/bin/mount -n -t devpts none /dev/pts -o mode=0622
/bin/mount -n -t tmpfs tmpfs /dev/shm
/bin/mount -n -t ramfs none /tmp
/bin/mount -n -t ramfs none /var
mkdir -p /var/empty
mkdir -p /var/log
mkdir -p /var/lock
mkdir -p /var/run
mkdir -p /var/tmp

/sbin/hwclock -s

syslogd
/etc/rc.d/init.d/netd start
echo " " > /dev/tty1
echo "Starting networking..." > /dev/tty1
sleep 1
/etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd start
echo " " > /dev/tty1
echo "Starting web server..." > /dev/tty1
sleep 1
/etc/rc.d/init.d/leds start
echo " " > /dev/tty1
echo "Starting leds service..." > /dev/tty1
echo " "
sleep 1

echo " " > /dev/tty1
/etc/rc.d/init.d/alsaconf start
echo "Loading sound card config..." > /dev/tty1
echo " "

/sbin/ifconfig lo 127.0.0.1
/etc/init.d/ifconfig-eth0

/sbin/wdt&

/bin/qtopia &
echo " " > /dev/tty1
echo "Starting Qtopia, please waiting..." > /dev/tty1




http://www.linuxso.com/linuxbiancheng/12702.html



某CSDN帖子
/dev/watchdog是一個字元裝置節點,簡單點可以理解為linux下的一個檔案,在程式中使用看門狗的過程大致分為以下幾步:
1.開啟年看門狗“檔案”;
2.設定超時時間;
3,週期性向這個檔案寫入字元(喂狗);
若程式出現異常退出,無法在喂狗週期內寫入字元,則系統將自動復位重啟。我寫的一個例子程式碼如下:
C/C++ code

#include <unistd.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <linux/watchdog.h>
#define WDT "/dev/watchdog"
int main()
{
    int wdt_fd = -1;//看門狗檔案標識
    int timeout = 10;//超時時間為10s

    wdt_fd = open(WDT,O_WRONLY);
    if(wdt_fd == -1)
    {
        printf("----------Fail to open "WDT"!\n");
    }

    ioctl(wdt_fd,WDIOC_SETTIMEOUT,&timeout);
    ioctl(wdt_fd,WDIOC_GETTIMEOUT,&timeout);
    while(1)
    {
        write(wdt_fd,"\0",1);
        printf("feet dog***********\n");
        sleep(9);
    }
    return 0;
}





轉自 http://www.blogjava.net/xixuui/archive/2007/06/27/126545.html
轉自 http://blog.csdn.net/zhiweiyouzhishenghuo/article/details/7744155