Fibonacci (矩陣快速冪)
題目連結
Description
In the Fibonacci integer sequence, F0 = 0
, F1 = 1
, and Fn = Fn − 1 + Fn − 2
for n ≥ 2
. For example, the first ten terms of the Fibonacci sequence are:
0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, …
An alternative formula for the Fibonacci sequence is
Given an integer n
4
digits of Fn
.Input
The input test file will contain multiple test cases. Each test case consists of a single line containing n (where 0 ≤ n ≤ 1,000,000,000
). The end-of-file is denoted by a single line containing the number −1
.
Output
For each test case, print the last four digits of Fn
Fn
are all zeros, print ‘0’
; otherwise, omit any leading zeros (i.e., print Fn
mod 10000
).
Sample Input
0
9
999999999
1000000000
-1
Sample Output
0
34
626
6875
Hint
As a reminder, matrix multiplication is associative, and the product of two 2 × 2
matrices is given by
Also, note that raising any 2 × 2
matrix to the 0th power gives the identity matrix:
程式碼:
#include<iostream>
#include<cstring>
#include<cstdio>
using namespace std;
struct matrix{
long long int mat[2][2];
}A,B;
matrix mul(matrix a,matrix b){
matrix tmp;
memset(tmp.mat,0,sizeof(tmp.mat));//注意初始化!!
for(int i = 0;i < 2;i++)
for(int j = 0;j < 2;j++)
for(int k = 0;k < 2;k++)//注意i,j,k的擺放位置
tmp.mat[i][j] += a.mat[i][k] * b.mat[k][j] % 10000;
return tmp;
}
matrix pow_mat(matrix a,int n){
matrix ans;
for(int i = 0;i < 2;i++)
for(int j = 0;j < 2;j++)
i == j ? ans.mat[i][j] = 1 : ans.mat[i][j] = 0;//初始化為單位矩陣
while(n){
if(n & 1)
ans = mul(ans,a);
a = mul(a,a);
n >>= 1;
}
return ans;
}
int main(){
long long int n;
while(~scanf("%lld",&n)){
if(n == -1)
break;
else if(n == 0 || n == 1){
printf("%lld\n",n);
continue;
}
else{
A.mat[0][0] = 1,A.mat[0][1] = 0;
B.mat[0][0] = 1,B.mat[0][1] = 1;
B.mat[1][0] = 1,B.mat[1][1] = 0;
B = pow_mat(B,n - 1);
printf("%lld\n",mul(A,B));
}
}
return 0;
}