1. 程式人生 > >基於STM32F103C8T6的超聲波測距示例

基於STM32F103C8T6的超聲波測距示例

整個工程檔案:

一、所需材料:

1、麵包板:

https://item.taobao.com/item.htm?spm=a1z10.3-c-s.w4002-17409464480.12.942e3961LSzalG&id=566952992749

2、STM32F103C8T6核心板

https://item.taobao.com/item.htm?spm=a1z10.3-c-s.w4002-17409464480.12.69693961YaTulR&id=567200541464

3、超聲波模組

https://item.taobao.com/item.htm?spm=a1z10.3-c-s.w4002-17409464480.12.306c3961DPKmG1&id=567318723493

4、串列埠工具

https://item.taobao.com/item.htm?spm=a1z10.3-c-s.w4002-17409464480.21.7dd33961iRVAkv&id=567201073239

5、STlink 下載程式,或用串列埠下載亦可

二、超聲波原理分析

網上一大堆,以後待補

備註:HC-SR04在距離3cm內無法準確測量,近處3CM外測量誤差0.7cm左右。

三、硬體連線

實際效果圖:

 

四、原始碼分析

#include "delay.h"
#include "sys.h"
#include "usart.h"  
/***************************************************
大海電子專營各種電子模組,歡迎光臨
硬體連線
串列埠1:RX PA10  TX PA9
超聲波:Trig PB11    ECHG PB10
備註:以下程式碼非原創,只是經過修改適配成C8T6
若侵權,請告知。


***************************************************/


//超聲波硬體介面定義
#define HCSR04_PORT     GPIOB
#define HCSR04_CLK      RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB
#define HCSR04_TRIG     GPIO_Pin_11
#define HCSR04_ECHO     GPIO_Pin_10


 


//超聲波計數
u16 msHcCount = 0;


//定時器4設定
void hcsr04_NVIC()
{
NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;
NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_2);

NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = TIM4_IRQn;             
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 0;  
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 0;         
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;       
NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);
}


//IO口初始化 及其他初始化
void Hcsr04Init()
{  
    TIM_TimeBaseInitTypeDef  TIM_TimeBaseStructure;   
    GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
    RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(HCSR04_CLK, ENABLE);
   
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin =HCSR04_TRIG;      
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_Out_PP;
    GPIO_Init(HCSR04_PORT, &GPIO_InitStructure);
    GPIO_ResetBits(HCSR04_PORT,HCSR04_TRIG);
     
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin =   HCSR04_ECHO;     
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IN_FLOATING;
    GPIO_Init(HCSR04_PORT, &GPIO_InitStructure);  
    GPIO_ResetBits(HCSR04_PORT,HCSR04_ECHO);    
     
          
    RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_TIM4, ENABLE);   
     
    TIM_DeInit(TIM2);
    TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Period = (1000-1); 
    TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Prescaler =(72-1); 
    TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_ClockDivision=TIM_CKD_DIV1;
    TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_CounterMode = TIM_CounterMode_Up;  
    TIM_TimeBaseInit(TIM4, &TIM_TimeBaseStructure);          
        
    TIM_ClearFlag(TIM4, TIM_FLAG_Update);  
    TIM_ITConfig(TIM4,TIM_IT_Update,ENABLE);    
    hcsr04_NVIC();
    TIM_Cmd(TIM4,DISABLE);     
}




//開啟定時器4
static void OpenTimerForHc()  
{
   TIM_SetCounter(TIM4,0);
   msHcCount = 0;
   TIM_Cmd(TIM4, ENABLE); 
}


//關閉定時器4
static void CloseTimerForHc()    
{
   TIM_Cmd(TIM4, DISABLE); 
}


//定時器4終中斷
void TIM4_IRQHandler(void)  
{
   if (TIM_GetITStatus(TIM4, TIM_IT_Update) != RESET)  
   {
       TIM_ClearITPendingBit(TIM4, TIM_IT_Update  ); 
       msHcCount++;
   }
}
 


//獲取定時器4計數器值
u32 GetEchoTimer(void)
{
   u32 t = 0;
   t = msHcCount*1000;
   t += TIM_GetCounter(TIM4);
   TIM4->CNT = 0;  
   delay_ms(50);
   return t;
}
 
//通過定時器4計數器值推算距離
float Hcsr04GetLength(void )
{
   u32 t = 0;
   int i = 0;
   float lengthTemp = 0;
   float sum = 0;
   while(i!=5)
   {
      TRIG_Send = 1;      
      delay_us(20);
      TRIG_Send = 0;
      while(ECHO_Reci == 0);      
      OpenTimerForHc();        
      i = i + 1;
      while(ECHO_Reci == 1);
      CloseTimerForHc();        
      t = GetEchoTimer();        
      lengthTemp = ((float)t/58.0);//cm
      sum = lengthTemp + sum ;
        
    }
    lengthTemp = sum/5.0;
    return lengthTemp;
}
 
//測試主函式
int main(void)
 {  
float length;
delay_init();     //延時函式初始化  
NVIC_Configuration(); //設定NVIC中斷分組2:2位搶佔優先順序,2位響應優先順序
uart_init(9600); //串列埠初始化為9600
Hcsr04Init();
printf("大海電子串列埠測試\r\n");  
    
   Hcsr04Init();    
   printf("超聲波初始化成功!\n");

   while(1) 
{  
     length = Hcsr04GetLength();
     printf("距離為:%.3fcm\n",length);
delay_ms(1000);    
}
 }