ABB AC 900F學習筆記106:Freelance_Engineering_Process_Stations-12
繼續學習,來到這個文件的第四章,也進入83頁的學習。沒有實際動手的練習,總是有點務虛。
4 Commissioning 除錯 During commissioning, the configured programs and applications are loaded intothe stations in order to be executed. Upon selection of a resource in the project tree,the process station can be loaded. 除錯期間,配置的程式和應用載入到過程站以便執行。在選擇專案樹的資源後,就可以載入過程站了。 With a redundant station, one of both controllers automatically becomes the Primaryand the other one the Secondary. It cannot be controlled which of both controllers isused as Primary. 有了冗餘站,兩個控制器當中的一個成為主,另一個成為備。無法控制哪一個控制器作為主。A redundancy change-over can also be released by the “Force redundancy toggle” (PRIM_SEC) system function. 冗餘轉換也可以通過“強制冗餘切換”(PRIM_SEC)系統功能來釋放。 |
A resource can assume various statuses that are displayed in the project tree after theobjects and in the dialog mask of the resource. The display of resource status isdivided into three parts:
資源可以假定各種狀態,這些狀態顯示在專案樹中物件之後和資源的對話方塊掩碼中。資源狀態顯示分為三個部分:
- Status: running, stopped, error
- 狀態:執行,停止,錯誤
- Sub-status, such as warm start stopped or running partially
- 子狀態,如熱啟動停止或部分執行
- Status of the redundant resource, e.g. no Secondary
- 冗餘資源的狀態,例如 無備機
No connection
沒有連線
The system bus connection has been interrupted, initialize all is currently being executed or no connection is possible, e.g. due to an invalid network address or a wrong station number.
系統匯流排連線已被中斷,可能正在全體初始化或者沒有連線,比如由於無效的網路地址或錯誤的站號(造成沒有連線)
An interruption of the system bus is displayed after approx. 45 seconds. 大約45秒之後顯示系統匯流排中斷。 |
No operating system
沒有作業系統
Displayed when the system is switched on or after initialize all of resource.
當系統送電或者初始化左右資源時顯示。
No operating system means that the operating system is loaded but not yet executed. The operating system is downloaded during the firmware bootstrap.
沒有作業系統意味著作業系統已經載入但沒有執行。在韌體引導過程中下載作業系統。
The AC 900F, AC 800F and AC 700F controllers file the operating system in the flash memory, it cannot be deleted but only be overwritten by another version. For redundant operation, however, both redundancy partners must feature the same operating system to ensure that the Sync status is provided. AC 900F、AC 800F和AC 700F控制器將作業系統檔案儲存在快閃記憶體中,它不能被刪除,只能被其他版本覆蓋。 但是,兩個冗餘夥伴必須具有相同的作業系統,以確保提供同步狀態。 |
Stopping
停止
Resource in transition from Running to stopped.
資源從執行中轉換到停止。
This status is only displayed if task processing takes a relatively long period of time. 只有當任務處理花費的時間較長時,才會顯示此狀態 |
Stopped [HW]
停止[硬體]
Stop of the resource using the RUN/STOP switch on the controller.
通過控制器上的RUN/ Stop開關停止資源。
Stopped [SW]
停止[軟體]
Resource Stop was selected in commissioning mode.
除錯模式下選擇資源停止
If the resource is stopped while a task is at a breakpoint, then this task switches to not executable status. The error task is not initiated in this case. 如果在任務處於斷點時停止資源,則該任務將切換到不可執行狀態。 在此情況下,錯誤任務不會啟動。 |
Cold start stopped
冷啟動停止
The command to cold start the resource was initiated by the person responsible for commissioning or by the "Force cold start" system function. Indicates that the CPU module self-test was OK, but the RUN/STOP switch was set to STOP or the resource was
stopped by the person responsible for commissioning before the running status was achieved.
冷啟動資源命令由除錯人員負責發起,或者由系統“強制冷啟動”功能發起。表明CPU模板自檢正常,但RUN/STOP開關被設定為STOP或除錯人員在達到執行狀態前停止了資源。
The cold start task, < Resource name>. ColdSt is executed only when the resource is started (STOP to RUN). During cold start, all resource data are initialized, the operating system is not affected and the output module channels assume their safety values. 冷啟動任務,<資源名>.ColdSt只有當資源啟動(從停止到執行 執行。在冷啟動期間,所有資源資料初始化,作業系統不受影響, 模組輸出通道採取安全值。 |
The warm start task, < Resource name>. WarmSt is executed only when the resource is started (STOP to RUN). During warm start, all data and variable values of the resource remain unaffected and the output module channels assume their safety values. 熱啟動任務,<資源名字>.WarmSt只有在資源啟動(停止到執行)執行。在熱啟動期間,所有的資料和變數值保持bubian , 輸出模板通道執行其安全值。 |
This status is only displayed if task processing takes a relatively long period of time. 只有任務處理時間較長時,才會顯示此狀態。(正常情況下一閃而過) |
[del2] Resource objects have been deleted, (2 objects in this case). 資源物件被刪除。(此情況下2個物件) Wrong station number 錯誤的站號 The station number in the process station does not correspond to the station number in the network configuration. 過程站的站號不符合網路配置的站號 Incompatible DMS version 不相符的DMS版本 The firmware or operating system version of the controller does not correspond to the current Freelance software。 韌體或者作業系統版本不符合當前Freelance 軟體。
Firmware and operating system must be updated, see Firmware update on page 23. 韌體和作業系統必須更新,參見23頁韌體更新。 |
The “sync” status cannot be achieved. By stopping and then restarting the resource, it was attempted several times to reach the “sync” status. This may be attributable to the following causes: 無法實現同步狀態。通過停止並重啟資源,多次嘗試達到同步狀態。這可能由於以下原因: the loading of the user program could not be successfully completed 使用者程式的載入不能完全成功完成。 the system utilization is too high, the redundancy link cannot be maintained 系統利用率過高,冗餘鏈路無法維持。 the configured task cycle times are too short. 配置的任務週期太短。 |
For information on the transition statuses of redundant controllers, see Chapter 5, Controller redundancy. 關於冗餘控制器傳輸狀態資訊,參閱第五章,控制器冗餘。 |
Prim/Sec 主/備 |
For redundant resources only. 僅為冗餘資源 A redundancy toggle is initiated (change-over between Primary and Secondary). A change-over is possible in SYNC status only. 啟動冗餘切換(在主和備之間做更換)。僅在冗餘狀態下更換才可能。 |
Bootstrap 載入程式 |
The controller is loaded with the operating system and is initialized. With redundant configurations, only the Primary is loaded with the operating system. 控制系統已經載入作業系統,並且完成初始化。 使用冗餘配置,只有主控制器載入作業系統。 |
Operation of a redundant process station is only possible on condition that both controllers are provided with the same operating system version. 冗餘過程站的操作只可能在兩個控制器作業系統版本相同的情況下才能進行。 |
Initialize all 初始化所有 |
The controller is deleted. Initialize all means that the user programis deleted; the operating system is not executed. In case of redundantprocess stations, both controllers are reset. The Primary becomesactive first and can be bootstrapped again. After Initialize all, the redundant mode is no longer active. The operating system in the Secondary is restarted after the user program has been loaded. 控制器被刪除,初始化所有意味著使用者程式被刪除。 作業系統不被執行,在冗餘過程站情況下,兩個控制器被複位。主控制器首先啟用,能被再次引導。初始化所有之後, 冗餘模式不再啟用。備用控制器的作業系統在載入使用者程式後重啟。 |
Initialize 初始化 |
Duringinitialization, the controller performs a cold start. Any user program already present is also deleted. The redundancy is now no longer active. The Secondary changes to “No OS” (no operating system is executed). The cold start task is performed once. The task is performed during transition from cold start or cold start stopped to running status. During a cold start, all the variables and working data of the function blocks are initialized. The initial values of the variables can be preset individually for each variable in the Variables List. After the cold start task has been completed, the outputs are rewritten in accordance with the programs. 初始化過程中,控制器執行一次冷啟動。任何已經存在的使用者程式也被刪除。冗餘不再啟用。備控制器轉換到“沒有OS”(沒有 作業系統執行)。冷啟動任務執行一次。任務在從冷啟動開始或結束到執行狀態之間執行。在冷啟動開始期間,所有的變數和功能塊 的工作資料初始化。可以為變數列表中的每個變數分別預設變數的初始值。當冷啟動任務完成後,按照程式協議重寫輸出。 |
Cold start 冷啟動 |
The controller performs a cold start; with redundant stations, bothcontrollers perform a cold start. The previously active controllerbecomes again the Primary. The cold start task is performed once. Itis computed before the cyclic user tasks are started。 控制器執行冷啟動;對於冗餘站,兩個控制器都執行冷啟動。 以前活動的控制器依然是主。 冷啟動執行一次。在迴圈任務開始之前計算。 |
Warm start 熱啟動 |
The controller performs a warm start; with redundant stations, both controllers perform a warm start. The previously active controller becomes again the Primary. The warm start task is performed once. It is computed before the cyclic user tasks are started. 控制器執行熱啟動;對冗餘站,兩個控制器都執行熱啟動。以前活動的控制器依然是主。熱啟動任務只執行一次。 在迴圈任務開始之前計算。 |
The system variable "xxxPowerOffTim" contains the duration of last power
failure which led to a warm start. It is counted from the time the power failure
occurred to the restarting of the operating system.
系統變數"xxxPowerOffTim"包含上一次導致熱啟動的電源故障持續時間。
從系統掉電到重新啟動作業系統的時間。
For AC 800F and DCP the number of warm starts is counted in a system variable
(xxxx.NoPowerFail) that is reset to zero in the event of a cold start.
對於AC 800F和DCP,熱啟動次數在系統變數中計算(xxxx.NoPowerFail),在冷啟動事件中重置為零。 |
Comp. no. 元件號 | Component number of the variable 變數元件號 |
Variable name 變數名字 | Name of the global variable 全域性變數名字 |
State 狀態 | |
CLEAN 可信 | Object is plausible and loaded 物件可信,並已經載入 |
DIRTY 不可信 | Object version in the engineering station does not correspond to the object version in the process station。 工程站中的物件版本與過程站站中的物件版本不對應。 |
CREATE 建立 | Object not yet loaded into the process station. 物件沒有載入到過程站。 |
DELETE 刪除 | Object deleted in project database, but still present in the process station. 專案資料庫中的物件已經刪除,但仍然在過程站。 |
TYPE 型別 | Data type, e.g. REAL, BOOL, UINT etc. 資料型別,比如,實數,布林,無符號整數等等 |
Offset 偏移 | Offset of the memory address. 記憶體地址偏移 |
Select task in the project tree > Project > Header 選在專案樹擇任務。專案> 要點資訊 |
For a description of the configured data, see Engineering Manual, Systemconfiguration, Project tree, Task TASK and Redundant Task TASK/RED
關於配置資料的描述,參閱工程手冊,系統配置,專案樹,任務 任務和冗餘任務 TASK/RED
If configured for autostart, the task starts automatically when the resource is 如果配置為自動啟動,當資源啟動時任務自動啟動。當程式列表引數設定為ON時,所有下一級 程式列表和程式隨著任務一起啟動。 |
Task status display
任務狀態顯示
Ready
準備好
task has been loaded and can be started manually.
任務已經載入,可以手動啟動。
If no autostart has been configured for a task, it returns to the ready status after each cold start and has to be restarted. 如果沒有為某個任務配置自動啟動,則每次冷啟動後,該任務都會返回就緒狀態,需要重新啟動 |
Non-existent
不存在
Task is loaded but cannot be started. A software version error exists
任務已經載入,但是不能啟動。存在軟體錯誤。
Not loaded
沒有載入
A change to a task or a program within the task, which produces a side effect on the task, has not yet been loaded.
對任務內的任務或程式的更改(會對任務產生副作用)尚未載入。
Not executable
沒有執行
During execution of the task either an unrecoverable error occurred or a recoverable error was detected while automatic error correction was switched off.
在執行任務期間,要麼發生不可恢復的錯誤,在關閉自動錯誤校正功能時檢測到可恢復的錯誤。
Automatic error correction for a task is switched on in the default setting. If automatic error correction is switched off, the task changes to the not executable status on any error, even if the error is recoverable. The error appears in text form in the task header, and the object number of the faulty project object is also displayed. 預設情況下,開啟自動錯誤修正功能。如果自動糾錯被關閉,出現任何錯誤,任務成為不可執行狀態,即使錯誤是可恢復的。錯誤以文字 形式出現在任務標題中,同時顯示故障工程物件的編號。 An exception is constituted by tasks which, although loadable, have no lower-level user program. Such a task is unable to initiate execution of a program. If such a task is started despite this fact, it changes to the not executable status. 異常由任務構成,這些任務雖然可載入,沒有低級別使用者程式。這樣的人物不能啟動程式的執行。如果這樣的任務仍然啟動, 那麼它將變為不可執行狀態。 |
Running
執行
Aftermanual start of the task or when the task has been configured with Autostart.
在任務手動啟動後或者當任務配置為自動啟動。
When a higher-level resource is stopped and re-started, the lower-level task returns to its old status. A task with Autostart, changes automatically to running. The status of the task may also be changed when the resource is stopped. The changed status will be reassumed when the resource is restarted. 當高等級任務停止再啟動,低等級任務返回其舊狀態。帶有自動啟動功能的任務,會自動更改為正在執行。當資源停止時,任務的狀態也會發生改變。 |
Stopped
停止
Afterexecution of Stop task, Stop station (HW) or Stop higher-level resource (SW).
停止任務執行後,停止站(硬體)或者停止更高等級的資源(軟體)
If a stopped task is reset to the ready status (not visible) with Reset, no change to its stopped status is displayed to the user. When Stop is changed to Start, the RUN task is executed. 如果是容重置將停止的任務重置為準備狀態,沒有向用戶展示停止狀態的更改。當停止改編為啟動,執行執行任務。 |
A task is started automatically when the switch on the process station is set to RUN and the previous status of the task was running 當過程站上的開關被設定為RUN並且任務的先前狀態正在執行時,任務將自動啟動。 |
Halted
停止
The task is at a break point while the debugger is running. This status can be quit using Single step or Go in the program with the breakpoint.
當除錯執行時,任務處於斷點。這種狀態可以使用單步退出或在程式中使用斷點退出。
If the resource is stopped while a task is at a breakpoint, then this task switches to non-executable status. The error task is not initiated in this case. 當任務處於斷點,資源停止,任務切換到不可執行狀態。在這種情況下,錯誤任務不會執行。 |
ErrorNo錯誤號 |
Error text錯誤文字 |
Description描述 |
1 | INT/DINT overflow | Signed integer or time operation caused overflow |
2 | INT/DINT underflow | Signed integer or time operation caused underflow |
3 | INT/DINT div by 0 | Signed integer division by zero. |
4 | UINT/DINT div by 0 | Unsigned integer division by zero |
5 | INT/DINT St overflow | Signed 16-bit-integer operation caused overflow on storage. |
6 | REAL overflow | Real operation caused overflow. |
7 | REAL underflow | Real operation caused underflow. |
8 | REAL div by 0 | Real division by zero. |
9 | REAL undef. value | Real operation with undefined value |
10 | DT overflow | Operation with DT and TIME caused overflow |
11 | DT underflow | Operation with DT and TIME or with DT and DT caused underflow |
12 | UINT/UDINT overflow | Unsigned integer operation caused overflow. |
13 | UINT/UDINT underflow | Unsigned integer operation caused underflow. |
128 | Program exec. error | Unloaded object (e.g. program, FB, etc.) to be executed |
129 | FB error integer | A function block from the function block library has triggered an integer overflow or underflow, the error was only detected during further processing of the block. For this reason, no recovery is possible |
130 | FB error real | A function block from the function block library has triggered a REAL overflow or un derflow, the error was only detected during further processing of the block. For this reason, no recovery is possible |
131 | Process image read error | Unrecoverable error occurred on reading process image |
132 | Process image write error | Unrecoverable error occurred on writing process image |
133 | Execution abort | If the resource is stopped in a program in which an endless loop is running, the task concerned switches to not executable sta tus. Execution of the task is terminated in the endless loop and the program is not computed to the end |
134 | Invalid Cmd in Break | If the resource is stopped while a task is at a breakpoint, then this task switches to not executable status. The error task is not ini tiated in this case. |
135 | Illegal array index | The computed index for an array access is outside the defined array boundaries. |
關於在發生錯誤時任務行為的詳細資訊,請參見第6章,處理和錯誤處理。
Task processing 任務處理 | |
Start 開始 | The selected task is started. It is processed either in cycle mode or as soon as possible (PLC mode), depending on the configuration。 選中的任務已經啟動。它可以在迴圈模式或儘快(PLC模式)中處理,這取決於配置。 |
Execute once 執行一次 | The selected task is computed precisely once. The task then changes to the stopped status。 所選任務精確計算一次。然後,任務將更改為停止狀態。 |
Stop 停止 | The selected task is stopped. 選中的任務停止。 |
A stop can also be released using the RUN/STOP switch on the process station 使用過程站上的RUN/ stop開關也可以釋放停止。 | |
Reset 重置(復位) | The current task returns to the configured status。 當前任務返回到配置狀態。 |
Close 關閉 | OK exits the dialog box. Returns to the project tree. OK按鈕退出對話方塊,返回專案樹。 |
Show... 顯示 | The process image of the selected task is displayed. The process image size can be configured. The process image is displayed automatically when the operating system is loaded 顯示所選任務的程序映象。可以配置程序映像的大小。載入作業系統時,會自動顯示程序映象。 |
Select task > Project > Header > Show... 選中任務 > 專案 > 要點資訊 > 顯示 |
Variable name 變數名字 | Variable name, max. 16 characters 變數名字,最多16個字元 | |
Type 資料型別 | Data type, e.g. REAL, BOOL, UINT etc 資料型別,比如,實數,布林,無符號整數等等 | |
State 狀態 | CLEAN 一致 | Object is correct and loaded 物件正確且已經載入 |
DIRTY 不一致 | Object version in engineering station does not correspond to station version 工程站中的物件版本與站版本不對應 | |
CREATE 建立 | Object not yet loaded into station. 物件還沒有載入到站 | |
DELETE 刪除 | Object deleted in project database, but still present in station. 物件在專案資料庫刪除,但依然在站裡面。 | |
Access 訪問 | READ 讀 | Read-only 只讀 |
WRITE 寫 | Write-only 只寫 | |
Offset 偏移 | Memory address offset 記憶體地址偏移 |
Select program list > Project > Header 選擇程式列表 > 專案 > 要點資訊 |
Close 關閉 |
Thedialog is terminated; back to the project tree. 對話方塊關閉,回到專案樹 |
on 執行 |
Processingof program list is switched on. 任務列表的處理開啟 |
off 關閉 |
Processingof program list is switched off. 任務列表的處理關閉 |
In contrast to configuration, the objects are shown with status information duringcommissioning. This status information appears after each project object in brackets(like the object types) and is updated as it changes. The status information reflectsthe status of this object in the process station. If arrows appear before the nodes,these project objects must first be loaded or reloaded into the station because of aconfiguration change. An exclamation point indicates that other objects at levelsbelow the one so marked need to be updated because of changes in theirconfiguration.
對比配置,在除錯期間顯示物件狀態資訊。此狀態資訊顯示在每一個物件後面的括號中(像物件型別一樣),且在更改後更新。狀態資訊反映了該物件在過程站中的狀態。如果節點前出現箭頭,這些專案物件必須首先載入或者重新載入到過程站,因為配置發生了變化。
一個感嘆號表示在這個標記級別之下的其他物件需要更新,因為它們的配置發生了變化。
The color of the node in the display provides information about the effects of itsconfiguration change on other objects. Higher-level information may also need to beupdated in the station.
節點顯示的顏色提供了關於其配置更改對其他物件產生的影響的資訊。更高級別的資訊可能也需要更新。
During commissioning, nodes are displayed in the same formats as in configuration.See Engineering Manual, System Configuration, Project tree, Display of theproject element status.
除錯期間,節點顯示格式與組態期間相同。參閱工程手冊,系統配置,專案樹,專案元素狀態顯示。
All statuses except for Running are displayed in red.
除執行之外,所有狀態顯示為紅色。